Benzyl Mowa: katundu, Kukonzekera, ntchito

Onunkhira alcohols - benzene homologues ena ofanana, mu kwakukulu kumene atomu wa hydrogen m'malo mwa hydroxy. Pakali pano, makampani mafutawo anagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri benzyl mowa. Dongosolo la pawiri ukufanizidwa ndi zotsalira kwakukulu ya mowa ndi benzene (phenyl) - S6N5SN2ON. alcohols onunkhira yodziwika isomerism kwakukulu mbali unyolo ndi kuyika gulu - HA mu unyolo hydrocarbon. Mowa ambiri a milandu, anapatsidwa dzina zazing'ono.

Benzyl mowa: njira chotenga

alcohols onunkhira m'chigawo ufulu ndi inafalitsidwa mu chirengedwe. Monga ulamuliro, iwo wapezeka mu mafuta zofunikira. Benzyl mowa apanga ku halogenated homologues benzene, imene halogen ndi isanafalikire mu unyolo mbali. alcohols izi zimasiyana phenols pamwamba onse chifukwa iwo kutchulidwa katundu acidic. Benzyl mowa komanso analandira kuchokera ku zipangizo zachilengedwe yaiwisi, muli esters. Kenako, Choncho analandira anali yotengedwa ndi alcohols onunkhira. alcohols onunkhira tayandikira kwambiri alcohols aliphatic: ndi zimene alkoxides soda zitsulo kupanga; ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni, malingana ndi dongosolo, izo anatembenukira kwa aldehydes chogwirizana kapena ketones; N'zosavuta ethers mawonekedwe ndi esters.

thupi katundu wa alcohols

Oimira loyamba la magazi mndandanda wa alcohols acyclic - madzi, ndipo alcohols apamwamba - zolimba. Choyamba homologs (methanol, Mowa, propanol) ndi fungo la mowa, sing'anga (isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, pentanol, hexanol) - mafuta fusel, apamwamba - palibe fungo. Alcohols mkulu kuwira mfundo, amene amagwirizana ndi gulu la tinthu kudzera kumangidwa wa hydrogen. Zambiri za izi ndi zina katundu physico-mankhwala alcohols zimasiyanasiyana ndi kuwonjezeka kulemera maselo.

Iwo ayenera kuganizira mfundo yakuti kusintha mowa kwa madzi boma gaseous (pa otentha) akuswa mgwirizano wa hydrogen. The ultraviolet mayamwidwe sipekitiramu pali gulu m'dera 150-200 nm. X-ray ndi elekitironi mapindidwe akuwala n'zotheka kudziwa mbali za osalunjika lumikiza C-C-N 110 ° 25 '. Koma alcohols ndi zonunkhira, ndiye iwo yodziwika ndi katundu mofanana alcohols acyclic. mankhwala awa ali bwino kapena ayi sungunuka m'madzi, chabwino - mu mankhwala ndiponso. Kuwira mfundo kwambiri kuposa arene chogwirizana. Mayamwidwe gulu mu ultraviolet ndi infuraredi makulidwe ofanana alcohols aliphatic.

Chemical katundu wa alcohols onunkhira

mankhwala awa ali yemweyo katundu mankhwala ngati alcohols aliphatic. Iwo apanga alkoxides, ethers ndi esters, halogenated pa unyolo mbali, ndipo pamene makutidwe ndi okosijeni - ketones, aldehydes, ndi zidulo onunkhira. Komanso, alcohols awa akhoza kuonetsa katundu arenes. Mwachitsanzo, iwo akhoza kuchita benzenovogo phata - halogenation, nitration, sulfonation, ndi hydrogenation, etc.

Benzyl mowa - olimba, sungunuka kwambiri Mowa, bwino - mu madzi, chimasungunula pa 15,3 ° C, zithupsa pa 205,8 ° C. Konzekerani hydrolysis ake zamchere wa benzyl mankhwala enaake mwa kuchita benzaldehyde ndi formaldehyde pamaso pa hydroxide sodium, mafuta ena zofunikira ndipo balms achilengedwe. Ntchito ngati kununkhira loko fungo, ndi zosungunulira mu makampani mafutawo.

Beta-phenylethyl mowa - chimasungunula olimba pa 27 ° C ndi zithupsa pa 222 ° C, sungunuka Mowa. M'gulu la pinki, clove mafuta n'kofunika. Ndi ntchito ngati mankhwala onunkhira, amene ali ndi fungo la maluwa. Komanso, mankhwala ambiri ntchito mu mafuta onunkhira chakudya mafakitale.

Cinnamic mowa - chimasungunula olimba pa 33 ° C, mosavuta sungunuka Mowa. Bukuli makamaka mu mawonekedwe a ethers mu mafuta zofunika onunkhira resins, balsams. Onunkhira chinthu ndi fungo huwakinto ntchito makampani mafutawo, ndi monga zipangizo kaphatikizidwe ambiri mwa mankhwala odorous.