Visimsky Reserve (Sverdlovsk dera)

Visimsky Reserve (Sverdlovsk dera) anakhazikitsidwa mu 1946. Koma patapita kanthawi - mu 1951 - izo zinali kutsekedwa. zaka 20 pambuyo (1971) Visimsky malo linatsegulidwanso pa dera mahekitala oposa 9500. Patapita ena nthawi ya malire ake anakhala onse.

mwachidule

M'dera la malowa achibadwidwe lerolino - oposa 13 500 mahekitala. A mbali yofunika kwambiri malo chikhalidwe lili Middle Urals pa malire chapamwamba kwa mtsinje Sulem. Ena a gawo ali wamng'ono khwawa imachokera Vogulka. Choncho, Visimsky Reserve ndi mtundu wa malire pakati pa zigawo Europe ndi Asia. Mu 2001, Malo otetezedwa analandira udindo wa biosphere malo. Chapakati Malo ili pa p. N. Visim. Ndi wakale zitsulo pakati ndi malo amene wolemba wotchuka D. N. Mamina-Sibiryak.

Cholinga cha chilengedwe

The chiyembekezo chachikulu malo m'munsi anachita kusunga ndi kuphunzira zovuta chibadwidwe Sredneuralskaya phiri nayonso. . Mu "Malamulo pa State Reserve Visim" ananena momveka bwino zolinga polojekitiyo ndi zofunika za m'dera:

1. Kukhazikitsa ntchito chitetezo pa malo ndi onse kuika chinthu, komanso mwambo wa boma chitetezo.
2. The ntchito mabuku pa kuphunzira wakale biogeotsenologicheskomu nkhalango okulira wa Middle Urals.
3. Investigation wa chitukuko zazikulu za kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe wa zosiyanasiyana otumphukira biotsenozov mlingo.
4. kuzindikira Environmental mwa anthu, komanso chitetezo ndi ntchito zomveka za zinthu zomwe zilipo achilengedwe.
5. Thandizo pokonzekera ofufuza oyenerera.

Border Gawo

Nature Area akutanthauza kudula-anatchulapo anayi mu mawonekedwe a zipilala, amaona. Mwachindunji yokha kutalika kwa malire 60 Km kutali. Mu 1973 Visimsky malo m'dera kakusintha ena kusintha chifukwa cha chomwe kuchuluka kwa mahekitala 3767 kusamala ndi kuphunzira wosazindikira magulu Oil ndi spruce pa mtsinje chapamwamba. Sulom ndi malo okulira lokwera. Chinachake kenako, malinga ndi zofuna za madzi Kirovgrad dera chidwi kwambiri (400 mahekitala) Anam'samutsira osefukira wa posungira Sulomskogo. dera limeneli ambiri ankaimira kakwamba melkotravnymi hvoschovymi ndi malo m'madambo Pihto-spruce ndi birch wamtali-aconitic. Pa nthawi yomweyo monga malipiro Visimsky Biosphere Reserve walandira kuchokera mahekitala Nkhalango Nevyansky 400 kwakukulukulu zamakolo, pamene asayambe kwambiri, fern-wamtali namwali Oil-spruce.

chitetezo boma

Malo ozungulira malo m'dera chitetezo ndi malo a 66 100 mahekitala, kuti ndi maulendo 5 wamkulu kuposa m'dera la biosphere malo. Pa dera la zone zachilengedwe cha kuletsedwa nsomba, nyama, komanso monga zoletsa zina pa kasamalidwe nkhalango, ndiye kuti ntchito muyezo muyeso ulamuliro wa chitetezo. Ofunika kwambiri makamaka kugwira ntchito yachibadwa nyama zazikulu ndi ang'onoang'ono, malo okhala chimene chimafuna danga mwachilungamo lalikulu. Komanso, kumapeto December 1983, ena mwa malamulo atsopano pa kudula mitengo mu kuteteza malo boma kuyamba, umene anagawanika pa lonse m'dera Sulomskogo mosungiramo beseni. Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri makamaka kwa Medvezhka Mtsinje. Wasefukira m'dziko lonse la biosphere malo. Onse mitsinje ina komanso madamu zili kunja, ndi maiwe awo mpaka tsopano anadzakhala zapansi zopangira kwa minda nkhalango.

zipilala zachilengedwe

Mu Visim malo, kuwonjezera pa wapadera malo achilengedwe, pali zambiri zipilala achilengedwe. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala tsopano, atulukira zipilala anakonza "Mountain kapezi" ndi "Crane chithaphwi." Visimsky Reserve zokopa omwe amafalitsidwa mwa gawo, zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga "nkhalango primeval pafupi m'mudzi. Large Ghalashki", "Mwala wakale", "mwala nkhalango paini pa mtsinje. Notihe", "wamaliseche pa p. Sulom" " mwala. "

zomera

Visimsky malo, kumene zinyama makamaka akuluakulu a zone nayonso, malo wapadera. Pa gawo la zabwino kwambiri kumva yoongoka, hares, mphalapala, nkhandwe, martens, agologolo ndi zimbalangondo bulauni. Wabata ndi wamtendele malo pafupi mtsinje, inu mosavuta kupeza otter ndi nkhandwe kapena amphaka. Iwo amadziwika kuti agwire ntchito orderlies nkhalango. Panopa mu Biosphere Reserve akugwira ntchito aphatikizire chiwerengero cha nyama ndi malo waukulu. Pakati pa mbalame mu malo Visim kawirikawiri ankakumana grouse, capercaillie, wakuda grouse, komanso ambiri zoimba. Nthawi kukaikira mazira mu nkhalango kuwala ndi kusakaniza deciduous mtundu anasonyeza chiwerengero pazipita mbalame kukaikira mazira. M'madera ambiri amakonda finch wobiriwira ndi warbler. Pambuyo zochuluka ntchito Zavumbulutsidwa ambiri ndithu lalikulu la anthu atsopano pa dziko nyama, monga Beaver European, mink, hedgehog ndi kumveka Boar zakutchire, komanso mitundu yambiri yatsopano shrews.

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya masewera nyama

Chifukwa acclimatization m'chigawo Shali, umene unachitikira mu 1975, chiwerengero cha Beaver European chawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo mu 70s m'ma. anthu awo mofulumira kudutsa p. Sulom, mwachitsanzo mwachindunji palokha Visimsky Reserve. Mu 1979, pambuyo adula, 7 m'midzi nyama anapezeka ndi anthu pafupifupi 25 oimira. Marten wakonda kukhala ngodya kwaokha wa malo nthawi zambiri m'madera nkhalango kutali, mphamvu si zoposa 20-25 anthu. Lusk Nayenso yothetsa mu malo akumakhalira - udzu komanso kuchotsa m'mphepete nkhalango. Motero, ermine wakonda miyala chitunda ndi maphunziro, ndi chodzaza katundu mtsinje chigwa. Fox mu Biosphere Reserve vutoli. Nthawi zambiri, izo Tingaone pamodzi glades nkhalango ndi nkhalango birch mu gawo kumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa malo a. Akatumbu zambiri, zikukhazikitsa mu birch kuwala ndi Aspen nkhalango, pamodzi otsetsereka youma phiri. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, lonse kuteteza malo a chikhalidwe malo angapezeke kuda azikhalamo 6-8 bulauni zimbalangondo. Iwo uchoke mapanga zawo zoyambirira za April, ndipo chagada kugona pakati pa October. Childs, zimbalangondo m'dera ndi omnivorous, koma poyerekeza ndi East Siberia wachibale iwo akhoza ankaona zamasamba. Ulendo m'dera la zovuta zachilengedwe, mungapeze otchedwa chimbalangondo "tebulo" - imawonongeka nyerere ndi mavu zisa.

mbali ya malo a

Gawo Visimsky malo a kapangidwe pamwamba pa miyala zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu salembedwa: kum'mawa (Sutukskuyu), chapakati (Kuligskuyu) ndi kumadzulo (Sulomskuyu). Yotsirizira ukufanizidwa ndi mapiri ndi steeply mumbali mtunda ndipo ali ndi otsika okwera (350 - 400 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja). Chigawo chapakati ali apamwamba - m'madera ena umalandira m'tsinde mwa mamita 473. Koma zoni kum'mawa kwa malo a amakhala ndi mpumulo mphiri, kutalika pazipita chikondwerero pa Bambo Big Sutuk (659 m). Mbali yaikulu ya malo ikuyimiridwa ndi mapiri. Iwo chokongoletsedwa ndi kugawa lokwera wa Middle Urals. Phiri kum'mawa Visimsky biosphere malo - Large, ang'ono ndi Layimu rasipiberi Sutuki ndi phiri - zigwirizana crystalline intrusive miyala zikuluzikulu ndi asidi chiphalaphala, zomwe zimawalepheretsa weathering ndiponso kuwonongeka. Apa ndi mwachidule zimene Visimsky Reserve. Kodi kuwafika malo achilengedwe? Ambiri, njira ali kutalika Ekaterinburg 120 Km. Mpaka mudzi Visim ayenera kupita pa kapepala Serovskaya.