American wandale Donald Rumsfeld: yonena

A mbadwa ya Chicago, Donald Rumsfeld (anabadwa July 9, 1932) anakulira m'banja la pakati kalasi, womwenso osakaniza athleticism zonse American ndi lili ndi akatswiri maphunziro, okwanira kupeza maphunziro ku Princeton.

Donald Rumsfeld: mfundo yonena

Titamaliza Princeton, 3-chaka maphunziro anapita kukatumikira ku yapamadzi, kumene ankamutcha womenya woyendetsa komanso ngwazi amphamvu mpaka choipa phewa kutha ankayembekezera Olympic. Pambuyo n'kuwononga pantchito yabwino masewera, Donald, kumene, amanena zotsatirazi ntchito oyembekezera - ndale.

Mu 1954, anakwatira Dzhoys Pirson. Banjalo ana atatu, Valerie (1967), Marcy (1960) ndi Nicholas (1967).

Mu 1962, Donald Rumsfeld (zithunzi Tingaone pansipa) chinapambana pa chisankho pafupifupi wowawa Nyumba ya oimira, kumene anasonyeza kuti ufulu Republican, kuchirikiza ufulu. Akadzagonjetsedwa Goldwater mu 1964, anathandiza chipika zolimbitsa Republicans kugwira Gerald Ford atsogoleri ochepa. Analowa Nixon makonzedwe mu 1969, pamene unachitikira angapo udindo, kuphatikizapo malo mlangizi zachuma ndi kazembe ndi NATO. Ngakhale Rumsfeld anaonekera pa nyimbo zingapo, ntchito impeach pulezidenti, kuti udindo pa chigawenga, sankachita nawo.

Ford Administration

Pambuyo yosiya Nixon wa, Rumsfeld ntchito woyamba monga mutu wa utsogoleli Ford a (1974-1975) kenako mu udindo wa nduna ya chitetezo (1975-1977). Pamene kukhazikitsa yoponya mabomba "B-1" ballistic chida "mikondo ya mano atatu" ndi intercontinental ballistic chida "Mwamtendere". Mu 1977 iye anali kupereka yapamwamba Pulezidenti Zikho Ufulu.

Republican wandale Donald Rumsfeld, mwina akhala zolimbitsa kuposa Mwachitsanzo, Barry Goldwater, koma zaka mbiri ndale ankatembenukira kumanja. Izo zinali chifukwa cha mavuto kapena kusintha kwenikweni mu kaonedwe ndi losadziwika. Chitsanzo n'chakuti, malinga ndi nthano, Genri Kissindzher Rumsfeld anafotokoza mmene munthu ambiri ankhanza iye anali asanakumanepo. Ndipo adayankhula ndi Mao Zedong, ndi Augusto Pinochet, kupatulapo Henry Kissinger.

Asatayike ndi zamagetsi

Pamene lowoneka Ford utsogoleri zinatha, iye anaganiza zobwerera ku gawo payekha, moganizira ndi udindo imachita makampani mankhwala (GD Searle & Co., Sciences Giliyadi) ndi mkulu luso (General Chida Corp.). Ngakhale kuti kale sadziwa mu ntchito, Rumsfeld umanena mu mau ake pa mphamvu ya ndale ndi ntchito yopezeka pa maudindo osiyana. Kuyambira mu 1982 mpaka 2000 anagwira dazeni malamulo apadera boma.

Mwina wosaiwalika ambiri a iwo anali mu Reagan makonzedwe, pamene Donald Rumsfeld anaikidwa woimira wapadera wa Pulezidenti ndi Middle East. Malinga ndi nyuzipepala "Washington Post", anali amachirikiza kwambiri bungwe la Iraq ndi thandizo ake wopondereza Saddam Hussein.

Baghdad zinachitikira

Monga kumangosokoneza mgwirizano manja mu 1982, US kuchotsedwa Iraq pa mndandanda wake wa othandizira boma la uchigawenga, zomwe mwayi Rumsfeld ulendo Baghdad mu 1983, pamene zaka khumi Iran-Iraq nkhondo zinali pachimake.

Ngakhale malipoti nzeru ananena kuti Baghdad tsiku lililonse ntchito zida za mankhwala oletsedwa ndi Iran. Pa maulendo angapo kuti Iraq, Rumsfeld anati akuluakulu aboma kuti United States amaona Iran monga chigonjetso cha njira kugonjetsedwa waukulu. Mu msonkhano ndi Saddam Hussein mu December 1983, iye anati, "wopha wa Baghdad" kuti United States ndikanafuna kuti abwezeretse asapita zamtendere ndi Iraq mu uthunthu wake.

Mu 2002, Rumsfeld anali kuyesera kuthandiza yekha, ponena kuti iye anawachenjeza Hussein kugwiritsa ntchito zida oletsedwa, koma mfundo iyi sanali mothandizidwa ndi mawu olembedwa State Dipatimenti.

Kulephera kwa Dole

Wokhutitsidwa ndi utumiki wa anthu ake, Donald Rumsfeld kamodzinso anayamba kugwira ntchito mu payekha gawo. Kenako nawo mpikisano wa Pulezidenti 1988, koma fizzled mokomera Bob Dole. Nthawi kuwina Chitsamba Choyaka ananyalanyaza Donald, anachotsedwa iye kuchokera m'maudindo otchuka.

Mu 1996, wandale Donald Rumsfeld kamodzinso kuvala Dole, ndipo anali kachiwiri mwa oluza lapansi.

Mu 1997, anakhala wa omwe adayambitsa "Project kwa New American Century", ndi Wachiwiri-ndiwofatsa mfundo yachilendo gulu. The Co-oyambitsa anali tsogolo US wotsatila mutsogoleli Dick Cheney, wotsatila mutsogoleli kale khola Kueyl ndi Florida Bwanamkubwa Dzheb adalikuthengo, m'bale wake wa George W. Chitsamba Choyaka.

Donald Rumsfeld: kukula mfundo

Bill Clinton anali magnanimous zambiri mu chigonjetso kuposa Chitsamba Choyaka. Mu 1999 iye anauza Rumsfeld wopita anawalamula kuti aone kuthekera kwa dziko dongosolo chida chitetezo.

Dzhordzh Chitsamba Choyaka anakhala pulezidenti mu 2000, anamusankha kuti azitsogolera asilikali mogwirizana ndi zofunikira za m'ma XXI. Sindiye kutsogolera Nkhondo yogwira, Rumsfeld ankatchedwa ofuna kusintha pamene anayamba mfundo zazikulu kuti azivala yokonza ndalama chitetezo - monga ndichisangalalo imene asilikali ayenera kukhala okonzeka kuchita nkhondo ziwiri munthawi yomweyo mu madera osiyana a dziko lapansi.

9/11

Koma September 11, 2001 dziko mwadzidzidzi anayamba kuoneka oopsa kuposa kale. Pambuyo zigawenga anaulukira ndege ziwiri chalanda mu World Trade Center nsanja, Donald Rumsfeld anali mu likulu malo pafupi Pentagon, komwe ndege lachitatu inaonongeka pambuyo pake. Iye anakana dongosolo achoke, ngakhale pamene mpweya inadzazidwa ndi utsi. Minister anathamangira ku ngozi malo, ngakhale anthuwo cha ndodo chitetezo, ndiponso kuthandiza anthu atuluke ndiwobvulazidwa.

September 11 ndipo wotsatira nkhondo ya Afghanistan anapangidwa kuchokera nyenyezi Rumsfeld a. briefings wake tsiku ndi tsiku anali kukhala otchuka monga monologue "Madzulo Show" ndipo kuposa kawiri wosangalatsa. Posonyeza bwino mochititsa zokongola pakati mphamvu chakuthengo ndi wochenjera wordplay, Rumsfeld momveka bwino kuti tsiku pamene ntchafu phewa lake, katswiri ogwetsana wataya woyamba kalasi opsa.

Ngakhale kuphatikiza lachilendo la stiffness ndi crankiness, anachezera nkhondo yayifupi mu mbiri kuti athamangitsidwe wa Taliban ku Afghanistan.

stratagems Rumsfeld

American wandale Donald Rumsfeld zatenganso mbali mu chilengedwe cha njira ya nkhondo Afghanstan, kusiya kukula kwa atsogoleri a machenjerero a asilikali. ungwazi ake pa kuukira pa Pentagon anaitana kuwalakwira chisoni mwa atumiki ake. Ngakhale pa khalidwe la nkhondo ndi mapulani yotsatira khosi anapitiriza kugwiritsa atayamba kale kusintha September 11 kulenga asilikali a zaka chikwi zatsopano.

Atangoyamba zigawenga pa kuphedwa kwa ntchito zawo Rumsfeld mlingo amaganiza anthu kuposa 80%, ziri imodzimodzi ndi ziyenera a ntchito-akulu. Wake kwakukulukulu ziyembekezo wamtsogolo zimadalira tsogolo la nkhondo ndi Iraq. Pamodzi ndi Dick Cheney, iye anali mmodzi wa othandizana ambiri odzipereka za kuwonongedwa kwa mnzake wakale Saddam Hussein.

Monga Afghanstan nkhondo, aku Iraq sewero namtsata "kuyesera abale akewo Rumsfeld" - imperceptible asanayambe nkhondo ya analengeza kuti boma kuti atolankhani, kuti zioneke bwino akukhonda ankaganizira. Mu Afghanistan, Rumsfeld anayambitsa Air Force, ndi asilikali omenyana bwino pamaso pa United States anazindikira mfundo za nkhondo. Chifukwa, ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi nkhondo zinaoneka ngati panapita miyezi iwiri yokha.

Mu February 2003, US wapadera mphamvu kale mu Iraq, kunyanyala mpweya ndi anagwirizana mphamvu akhala katatu poyerekeza ndi ntchito ya zaka zapitazi. Pa nthawi imeneyo, pamene panali zithunzi zakale za "kuponya koyamba", United States kale ankalamulira theka la dziko.

Atafa Republican mu masankho mu 2006, lomwe linali vuto la nkhondo yosatha ku Iraq, Rumsfeld analengeza yosiya wake. Mu December, iye m'malo mwa Robert Geyts.

Moyo akapuma

Mu 2007, Rumsfeld anakhazikitsa Fund m'dzina lake kuthandiza US mabungwe omwe si aboma ndi chitukuko cha ndale ndiponso zachuma machitidwe ufulu kunja.

Iye anapereka malipiro kwa buku la Nkhani zokhudza ulendo wake kuti athandize anamenyela. buku lakuti "Chodziwika ndi Unknown: A Memoir" linasindikizidwa mu 2011.

Mu 2013 inafalitsidwa m'buku lakuti "Malamulo Rumsfeld:. Tikuphunzira wa utsogoleri malonda, ndale, nkhondo, ndi moyo" Iye anadza kupyolera mwa zolembedwa, zomwe wolemba anachita pa Timitengo ka pepala ndi kuziika m'bokosi pansi nsapato. Mmodzi wa aphorisms limati: "Anthu okha amene kupusa ovuta kuwathetsa amene analengedwa ndi anthu anzeru."