Africa Hrs amayang'anira Kilimanjaro kuphulika

Kilimanjaro chiphalaphala chimene chiri za ndondomeko Hrs ankadziwika mu ll m'ma BC Greek katswiri Claudius Ptolemy, ndi phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa, kufika kutalika mamita 5895 pamwamba pa nyanja. Komabe, kuchokera stratovolcano m'munsi kwa msinkhu wake pamwamba mamita 4900. Kusiyana mu miyeso chifukwa chakuti phiri ili m'dera la mapiri a Masai, limene lili pamalo okwera mamita 900 pamwamba pa nyanja.

Msonkhano woyamba ndi azungu

Ngakhale kuti phiri ankadziwika am'deralo zaka masauzande ambiri zapitazo, kusiyira amaonekera pa chikhalidwe cha anthu a mu mawonekedwe a nthano za kuphulika ake, azungu woyamba anatulukira Kilimanjaro mu 1848. Nthawi chinachitika mu nthawi imeneyo, European poyamba kuti achotse kumtunda, anakhala mlaliki ndipo m'busa Johannes Rebman.

Kumene, monga anapeza kwambiri sangapite amaona adventurers zosiyanasiyana ndi apainiya. Vertex chidwi cha anthu osiyanasiyana ndi chikwiyire ndi Boom chidwi mu mapiri. Chitunda loyamba phiri adayikiza zaka khumi ndi zitatu pambuyo anapeza ake. Mu 1861, Samuel TEKEL anaima mozungulira 2500 meters. Kenako, n'kulemba TEKEL anapanga anayi kukwera, koma anaimirira pamwamba mlingo wa mamita 5200.

Volcano Kilimanjaro ndondomeko Hrs

Kutalika mtheradi chamoto ndi mamita 5.895 pamwamba pa nyanja. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti, mu kuyankhula kwa phiri Kilimanjaro kutanthauza pamaso pa mfundo ake atatu omwe alinso chiphalaphala ali ndi dzina ndipo lili pa msinkhu ndi chosiyana ndi zina ziwiri.

Shiro - mmodzi wa iwo. Malowa ali pamtunda pamalo okwera mamita 3810 pamwamba pa nyanja ndipo lili ndi lathyathyathya phazi la yachonde dera mahekitala asanu. Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kuti kale kutalika kwa zinali zambiri, koma chifukwa cha kuphulika mwamphamvu vertex basi anakomoka.

Kudziwa ndondomeko lawolawo la Kilimanjaro kuphulika liri lofewa, ndi madigiri ochepa kum'mwera kwa dziko. The Malo phiri wamba ndi chimafotokozera zizindikiro zotsatirazi: 3 ° 4'33.17 "ufuluwo kum'mwera ndi 37 ° 21'12.15" W.

Pachimake chachiwiri amatchedwa Mawenzi ndipo ali kum'mawa kwa phiri, kufika kutalika mamita 5334. pachimake Izi si pokhala mkulu kwambiri, ndi chimodzi cha zovuta kwambiri, chifukwa pa dzanja limodzi, izo zikutsiriza mwadzidzidzi, kupanga dongosolo lonse la miyala, m'zigwa ndi makoma phompho.

Akuti nsonga chapamwamba Kibo, lomwe ndi wosiyana Mawenzi nsonga mapiri ataliatali yachonde. Njirayi imatchedwa mpando kukopeka palibe alendo ochepa kuposa nsonga ya Kilimanjaro. Kibo ndi kutalika mamita 5895, koma si chinthu chidwi kwambiri kuti angathe kupereka apaulendo ndi phiri. Chigwa ake ali mu mawonekedwe a caldera, ndiko chigwa chachikulu atazungulira otsetsereka wofatsa amene anatuluka chifukwa cha kugwa kwa mpanda chiphala.

Chikhalidwe ozungulira

Ndondomeko lawolawo la Kilimanjaro kuphulika akusonyeza kuti phiri ili mu zone yabwino nyengo Choncho, malo otsetsereka ake ndi pa phazi lake mungapeze nyama ndi zomera yosiyanasiyana. phiri ili mu dziko East la Tanzania African, kumalire ndi Kenya.

Mu m'tsinde mwa Kilimanjaro akukulira nyemba, chimanga mpendadzuwa ndi tirigu. Pa otsetsereka a m'nkhalango wakale kukula, agwilitse kudera la makilomita zikwi zingapo lalikulu.

Kumene, ndi kusintha okwera zikusintha ndi zomera. Mwachitsanzo, mu otsetsereka youma kumadzulo mungapeze minda ya azitona ndi mlombwa, ndi pa misanje - udzu ndi lichens.

Hydrology ndi nthaka

Mwachibadwa, ngati lalikulu mapiri ndipo tiyenera makhalidwe wakewake mu mapangidwe zizindikiro hydrological. Chinthu chachikulu mu mapangidwe mtsinje mvula ochokera kuwundana a Kilimanjaro ake.

umboni Geological zikusonyeza kuti nthawi zonse linakhalapo, phiri wadutsa magawo atatu a icing, omwe atayika, izo anapeza icecap.

Ngakhale kuti ndondomeko ya phiri Kilimanjaro kumasonyeza kupanda chisanu, kutalika kwake pamwamba pa nyanja zimathandiza ayezi kusungidwa pa nsonga za nthawi yaitali, ngakhale mu nthawi ya chilimwe nsonga ya yokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa.

Ndi mu kuwundana awa ochokera ku mitsinje yambiri ndi mitsinje amene amalola alimi moyo m'tsinde mwa mapiri kuti kuthirira minda yawo.