Abducens: ponena za thunthu, ntchito ndi mbali

Abducens chikukhudza zida kuti nthawi kayendedwe ka maso. udindo wake palibe waukulu kwambiri moti oculomotor, koma mu nkhani ya imfa ya ntchito, amatha kuona kumlingo anataya. Kuti wochezeka diso kayendedwe ayenera kukhala minofu asanu amene innervated ndi misempha atatu cranial.

thunthu

Abducens chikukhudza misempha koyera galimoto. Chimayambira mu phata la, limene lili mu midbrain lapansi. Yapamwamba iye kudutsa mlatho pansi pamwamba woyambira ubongo ndi kupitiriza mu mzere pakati pa pons ndi piramidi, yomwe ili medulla oblongata.

njira pachimake kudutsa akalowa ubongo ndipo ali nkusani cavernous. Kumeneko, ulusi kumbali kunja kwa mtsempha wamagazi ndi carotid. Pambuyo mitsempha kumanzere nkusani, adzalowe chapamwamba yozungulira fissure ndipo potsiriza igwera mu kanjira lapansi. Abducens innervates chimodzi chokha minofu - molunjika mbali.

ntchito

Abducens imapereka ntchito limodzi, amene amachita minofu innervated mwa iwo, ndipo amachotsa diso outwards. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti pozungulira, popanda kutembenuza mutu wake. Komanso minofu imeneyi ndi antagonist wa mkati rectus minofu diso chomwe chimakakamiza diso kwa pakati, motsogozedwa mphuno. Iwo kuletsa mzake kunja.

Komabe, ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa mmodzi wa iwo, pali convergent kapena divergent strabismus, ngati minofu wathanzi yamezedwa ndi kudulana, atembenuza diso mu mbali yake. Abducens amawonjezera, choncho anapereka kayendedwe wochezeka diso ndi masomphenya binocular.

phunziro

Chongani abducens akutali ndi ntchito yake pa siteji atsopano a chitukuko cha mankhwala sizingatheke. Choncho, Madokotala aubongo ndi ophthalmologists anafufuza kamodzi atatu misempha: oculomotor, kubwereketsa ndi chipika a. Ichi chimapereka chithunzi thunzi chokwanira zambiri za kugonjetsedwa.

Kawirikawiri akuyamba ndi madandaulo a masomphenya awiri, zomwe zimakhazikika pamene kuyang'ana pa mbali akhudzidwa. Ndiye pali kuyendera zithunzi nkhope wodwalayo kuti aone chosokonekera ake, pamaso pa kutupa, redness, ndi zinthu zina za ndondomeko yotupa. Kenako, aziphunzira ndi diso protrusion kapena Anabweza wa mwana wa m'diso la, ptosis wa chikope chapamwamba.

Poyerekeza chofunika m'lifupi ana ndi kubvomereza kwawo kwa kuwala (kapena ayi wochezeka), mgwirizano ndi malawi. Mgwirizano - luso kuganizira zinthu pafupi. Pofuna kutsimikizira izo, pensulo kapena nyundo kubweretsa kwa mphuno. Mwachibadwa ana ayenera mwapang'ono. malawi phunziro ikuchitika aliyense diso payokha, koma mawu a njira, izo zikutikumbutsa onani mgwirizano.

Pokhapokha izi mwai zonse kuyambirira kufufuza ngati wodwalayo squint. Ndipo ngati ndi choncho, chimene icho chinali. Kenaka funsani munthu kusunga diso kwa nsonga ubongo nyundo. Zimenezi zimathandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka eyeballs lapansi. Potumiza nyundo mfundo muyeso wa munda wa maganizo ndi kuchitsatira mu udindo uwu, dokotala amakwiya maonekedwe a nystagmus yopingasa. Ngati wodwalayo kudwala a dongosolo diso minofu, ndi nystagmus pathological (yaing'ono yopingasa kapena ofukula diso kayendedwe) sizitenga nthawi yaitali.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa abducens ndi

Monga kale, zochotsa diso mitsempha ndi udindo kwa mwana wa diso kunja kwa mphuno. Kulakwila conduction mitsempha kumabweretsa kusokonezeka kwa sayenda a minofu mwachindunji lateral. Izi zimapangitsa convergent strabismus chifukwa chakuti minofu mkati chimakakamiza diso. Kukomoka, izo zimayambitsa masomphenya awiri kapena m'njira sayansi, diplopia. Ngati wodwala amayesetsa kuti aone mbali akhudzidwa, chizindikiro ichi zikuchulukirachulukira.

Nthawi zina pali zinthu zina zochitika pathological. Mwachitsanzo, vertigo, gait chisokonezo ndi lathu mu mlengalenga. Pofuna kuona bwino, odwala amakonda kuphimba diso mtima. Kugonjetsedwa yekha abducens ali osowa kwambiri, monga ulamuliro, pamodzi kudwala.

Nyukiliya ndi ziwalo zotumphukira

Neuropathy abducens mu gawo ake circumferential amapezeka meninjaitisi, kutupa m'njira za m'mphuno paranasal, cavernous nkusani thrombosis, intracranial aneurysms gawo la mtsempha wamagazi ndi carotid kapena zapambuyo kulankhulana mtsempha wamagazi, fractures a Chigaza m'munsi kapena zotupa yozungulira. Komanso, zotsatira poizoni botulism ndi diphtheria akhoza kuwononga nyumba ubongo, kuphatikizapo misempha cranial. Flaccid ziwalo za abducens n'zotheka pa mastoiditis. Odwala anati syndrome Gradenigo: abducens paresis wa diso molumikizana ndi ululu pa kuchoka malo nthambi ya mazunzo ya mitsempha trigeminal.

Nthawi zambiri, ndi kuyan'anila nyukiliya zimachitika ndi maziko a encephalitis, neurosyphilis, ofoola ziwalo, kukha mwazi zotupa kapena matenda a makope oziziritsa aakulu. Popeza kumaliseche ndi mitsempha nkhope zili mbali ndi mbali, kugonjetsedwa kwa wina, amachititsa kudwala ndi oyandikana. Pali otchedwa alternating fauvillers syndrome (paresis minofu nkhope kumbali akhudzidwa ndi kutsitsa kayendedwe mu theka lina la mbali thunthu).

kuphatikizidwa amgwirizano

Paresis wa abducens mbali zonse akuwonetseredwa convergent strabismus. chikhalidwe Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi kuwonjezeka mu kuthamanga intracranial. Ngati chiwerengero cha mowa kwambiri, kungakhale dislocation ubongo, ndiye nkhani kukanikiza a ubongo otsetsereka pa tsinde a Chigaza lapansi. Pa zochitika zimenezo mosavuta kuvutika abducens. Iwo angokhala mu malo awa zili padziko m'munsi mwa ubongo ndipo pafupifupi palibe otetezedwa.

Pali zina ubongo dislocation zimene zimasonyeza zizindikiro zofanana:
- indentation tonsil occipito-khomo lachiberekero Dura nyuzi;
- impaction wa cerebellum mu ubongo ndi kupalasa ena.

Iwo sikugwirizana ndi moyo, ndi mmenenso kukhalapo kwa kuwonongeka kwa abducens - izo Pathoanatomical mawu. Komanso, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kufooka kwa lateral rectus minofu - ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za myasthenia gravis.