Zoyambitsidwa Nikoly Tesla. The zatsopano Nikoly Tesla. Otrkytiya Nikola Tesla

Pali anthu ochepa amene sadamve wa munthu ngati Nikola Tesla. Wachinsinsi Kutulukira, zinsinsi, chidwi zatsopano ndiponso kutulukira patsogolo nthawi yawo - ndicho chimene chimabwera m'maganizo. Bakuman ndi umunthu wa sayansi ya. Amene anali munthu uyu - wamisala kapena wanzeru?

Kubadwa ndi ubwana

Ambiri amadziwa Leonardo da Vinci, amene ankaona mwapang'ono. Ndipo, mwinamwake, ndi m'malo mwake woyenera kumayambiriro kwa XIX-XX zaka inasanduka Nikola Tesla. Wambiri wasayansi nthawizonse nkuyamba njira yomweyo; adabadwa July 10, 1856 m'mudzi phiri la Smilyan, umene panthawi imeneyo unali ku Austria Ufumu, ndipo tsopano muli Croatia. Nikola anali mwana anayi a Chisebiya wansembe Orthodox, koma pambuyo pa imfa m'bale wake mkulu mu ngozi mu 1861, anali mwana wamwamuna. Kalasi yoyamba anamaliza kuno ku mudzi umene iye anabadwa.

Kenako banja anasamukira ku Gospic - mzinda ikuluikulu kumene lotsatira kwambiri wasayansi Nikola Tesla atamaliza sukulu atatu a pulayimale. Mu 1873 iye analandira kalata matriculation, kuphunzira pa Apamwamba Real sukulu Karlovac. banja lake anatsala mu Gospic, pamene iye anabwerera atalandira maphunziro.

Maphunziro ndi ntchito zina

Kudwala kolera ndi kuchizemba ntchito usilikali ndi kuthawira kumapiri, Nicola ndinaganiza za maphunziro owonjezereka. Ngakhale kuti bambo ankafuna mwana wake kutsatira mapazi ake, Nikola amakonda sayansi, amene yaitali gravitated. Mu 1875 analowa Apamwamba zaumisiri School ku Graz ndi Ine lolunjika pa kafukufuku wa luso magetsi. Pambuyo ntchito ngati mlangizi mu Gospic komwe banja lake ankakhala, iye anapita ku Prague kukapitiriza maphunziro ake. Koma iye anaphunzira ku mphamvu ya Philosophy chabe teremu, ndipo anayamba kuyang'ana ntchito.

Mu 1879 iye ndinayamba ntchito ku kampani wanthambo ku Budapest, pamene zaka zitatu ntchito. Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba kufufuza lake m'munda wa zomangamanga magetsi. 1882 Tesla anasamukira ku France ndi kulumikiza Paris ofesi ya Ngelezi Edison Company, ndi kusiya zitapita zaka ziwiri chifukwa zilibe patukani umafunika ankayembekezera kuti kumayambiriro ena novshevstv kwambiri.

Emigration ku US

Patapita kanthawi iye anabwerera ku kampani imodzi, koma tsopano anaulukira ku New York. Mwalamulo, mutu wake anali "injiniya kukonza Motors magetsi ndi DC magudumu." 1885 Edison anapereka Nikola kusintha zina zipangizo umafunika a zikwi 50. Young wasayansi yawo kunali kofunika mlanduwu posachedwa akufuna njira zingapo kuti vuto, koma ndalama sanalandire konse. Thomas Edison anakana kulipira iwo, nanena kuti iyo inali chabe nthabwala. Tesla yomweyo anatsanzika maziko kampani yake.

Panthawi imene kale analandira kudziwika zina ndi kukhuta ambiri eni luso. Kugulitsa iwo, iye ali ndi ndalama zokwanira kumanga labu wangwiro zochitika zina. Mu 1899, Nikola Tesla, amene yonena chidwi anthu padziko lonse mpaka anasamukira ku mzinda wa Colorado Springs ili chapakati United States. Kenako, mudzi, anatchuka kwambiri mosalephera chifukwa chakuti kwa nthawi yaitali, pali wakhala zasayansi wa wasayansi wotchuka. Kumapeto kwa chaka chomwecho icho chinatsegula wina zasayansi - nthawi imeneyi ku New York. Koma posakhalitsa chifukwa chosowa ndalama izo zinkayenera kuti kutseka.

Madera a ntchito

sayansi iyi anasiya ntchito zambiri ndi zinsinsi. Nikola Tesla anali mmodzi wa anthu a nzeru kwambiri nthawi yake, koma anthu ena amaganiza kuti munthu uyu anali wamisala kathyali, ankafunitsitsa kutchuka ndi ndalama. Izi siziri zoona kwathunthu, kuyambira chifanizo cha moyo wasayansi palibe anatsimikizira.

Tesla anali ndi chidwi zosiyanasiyana sayansi, koma poyamba anali ndi chidwi okonza magetsi ndi zamagetsi. Komanso ankachititsa kafukufuku zosiyanasiyana za sayansi zomangamanga malonda. Pankhani imeneyi, anali chidwi njira kunachitika mu mlengalenga, kuwonjezera, anaphunzira chodabwitsa kumveka. Chifukwa cha ntchito za Nikola Tesla anapereka kutsogolera wamphamvu chitukuko cha khalidwe ambiri, ndi chitukuko ndi zogwirizana ngakhale lero makamaka Ponena naimeneee kudziwika ndi zoyambitsidwa pafupifupi lanthano. Komanso, osati m'mipukutu yonse sayansi anapulumuka. Choyamba, zolemba zina Serb unachita kutentha, kulingalira ntchito zaluso awo choopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, ndi zina mwa ntchito Nikoly Tesla, akukhulupirira kuti kugwidwa ndi misonkhano US atamwalira namatetule wa.

Njira ndiponso achita

Pa nthawi yonse imene ntchito wasayansi wake walandira eni luso mazana angapo padziko lonse za zana a iwo - mu United States. Popeza malo opatsa chidwi anali zamagetsi-luso, kuyambitsa ntchito Nikola Tesla makamaka zokhudzana ndi kuphunzira kwa magetsi ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana.

Mwina zikuchitika kwambiri kwambiri anali otsatirawa:

• AC kuphunzira. Iye anaphunzira zotsatira za magetsi pa thupi, kuwayika zatsopano pa yekha, ndipo potero maziko a chitetezo ano, komanso mankhwala atsopano. Komanso, iye anatulukira mkulu-pafupipafupi panopa jenereta ndi thiransifoma, umene kuti ambiri anangomutchula kuti "Tesla koyilo".
• Iye anafotokoza chodabwitsa kwa onsewo maginito, potero kuwonjezera ku chiphunzitso cha minda. Ine analenga Mipikisano gawo makina magetsi, analandira eni luso pa iwo.
• Pofuna kukonza babu kuwala anausankha Edison, analenga Neon ndi nyali fulorosenti.
• Yopangidwa ndi funde wailesi choyamba, wogwira ntchito zizindikiro HIV ndi mphamvu wirelessly.
• Iye anatulukira madzi mpope, ndipo maziko ake - ndi dynamo.
• Anamanga kupatsidwa ulemu galimoto.

Kuti kampani Tesla mu 1893 anapambana ndi ufulu kuchita kuyatsa fairs zikuluzikulu mu Chicago. Pamaso kuti anali sadatsatire ofanana lonse ofanana ntchito iliyonse.

Amagwiritsidwanso wotchuka Uordenkliff ntchito. Kugwiritsa Tesla Ndinafunsa banki Ndalama ndi analandira ndalama yaikulu mu masiku amenewo, komanso malo pa Long Island. Iwo anali ankaganiza kuti wasayansi adzalenga mtundu watsopano wa kulankhulana sikutanthauza mawaya ndi amalola kusamutsa nkhani zosiyanasiyana pa ulendo wautali. Tower inamangidwa ndi mndandanda wa zinthu zatsopano, kenako Investor anasiya ndalama chifukwa chakuti wasayansi zabodza iye za ntchito yawo ntchito - kufala kwa magetsi ku Africa imodzi banki wina sanachite chidwi. Mtengo ntchito Anatseka, ndipo chinali chiyambi cha kutha kwa ntchito maphunziro.

Kuwonjezera zoyambitsidwa amamudziwa ndi ntchito, panali ena - zosatsimikiza, osakhoza ndi mwachinsinsi. Iwo anali zovuta kuzimvetsa m'nthawi zatsopano kuti kunanenedwa, ngati wasayansi wagulitsa moyo wake kwa satana. umboni zopelekedwa sichinayambe zisungidwe, koma mpaka mu njira ya mphekesera za nkhani ya Tesla kwa Tunguska kuphulika, Kutulukira magetsi, kutenga mphamvu balamanthu, ndi zina, zipangizo mofanana zamatsenga ndi zatsopano.

umunthu

Ngakhale ndili mwana, Tesla anali wolemekezeka ndi ena weirdo. Pearl, mapichesi, pepala mapepala amene adatchithisira m'madzi, chinam'chititsa kuchepa anachita. Monga mwana ankakonda kuwerenga, ndipo anali kukumbukira kwambiri. The mnyamata ankakonda masewera panja, ndipo kenako - masewera osiyanasiyana. Nkomwe ndiye munthu yekha ndi amene angalosere kuti ntchito yake idzakhala yotchuka m'tsogolo.

Zinali zodabwitsa kuti unyamata wake Nikola osiyana oganiza bwino. Anadzipereka kwathunthu kwa sayansi ndi moyo kunali kopanda munthu. Iye sanakwatire ndi zambiri anakana zachinsinsi. Pambuyo kupeza kutchuka Tesla otchuka ndi akazi, nthawi zambiri amakhala kwadzaoneni kugwa m'chikondi ndi wasayansi ndi. Ndipo mpake - zinali zosiyana maonekedwe zooneka ndithu, ndipo pambali, iwo sanali wina kuposa anayambitsa wotchuka Nikola Tesla. Wambiri wasayansi mbiri yakale anaphunzira mobwerezabwereza, ndipo ambiri a iwo afika pozindikira kuti kukukanani moyo wake unali mtheradi. Koma zikhumbo Plato anali - kotero iye anali mpango kwambiri kuti tipitirize Bernar, amene anakomana kangapo.

Ngakhale kuti ndi chidwi chachikulu ndi kuyambitsa Nikoly Tesla, thupi lake lenilenilo akadali mwachinsinsi kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi akatswiri ena ambiri, asayansi, pafupifupi zoyambitsidwa ake onse unali cholinga m'maganizo, kenako okha onani maganizo ndi mfundo zawo ntchito. Njira imeneyi ndi zachilendo kwambiri ndipo si aliyense. Anagwira okha ndi zonse anaphunzira, osadziwa wotopa ndipo sakupereka nokha munthu wotopa. Akatswiri kudziyesa zonse, ngakhale kwambiri mwakuwoneka chotheka maganizo ndiponso kudalira yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale. Ndi khama ichi, malingaliro mumangidwa chidwi ndi azidzidalira chimabweretsa ena zoyambitsidwa wotchuka Nikoly Tesla. Pa nthawi yomweyo Ankapereka tcheru ndi thanzi. Mwina izi ndi zimene zinamuthandiza kuti mukwaniritse okalamba kwambiri.

Komanso, Tesla anali yodziwika ndi ena, kuziyika izo modekha, eccentricity. Kotero, iye sanavomereze handshakes ndi kucheza ndi anthu. Hotelo ndodo, kumene ankakhala ndi wasayansi, sanathe kum'fikira pa osiyanasiyana pafupi. Koma ankakonda nkhunda, kuwapatsa zakudya ndi kulankhula nawo. Mbalame ndi sayansi m'malo ndi mkazi, analibe maganizo kukwatiwa.

Zinali wasayansi ndi propensity kwa ena eccentricity. Makolala ndi magolovesi anavala kamodzi kokha, kenako anawaponya mwankhanza. Ndipo kuchokera zisudzo awo pa zisudzo, nthawi zina anapanga bwanji kwenikweni. Choncho, mu 1893, kutsimikizira kuti mawu onena za kuopsa AC kwa cholakwika anthu, Tesla anadutsa thupi lake za volts miliyoni. Ndipo zilibe okha anapulumuka, mosiyana ndi mantha, koma anakhalabe sanamuvulaze kwathunthu. Komanso zosonyeza nkhani, Tesla, tikhoza kunena, anafuna kusonyeza zotsatira za kafukufuku wawo ngati kuli kotheka komanso momveka bwino. Sanali mlendo kwa ena ozunguza.

Mapeto a moyo

Ngakhale kuti chitukuko Nikoly Tesla sanali amasiyana chitetezo anapha wasayansi sichoncho. Mu zaka mwachilungamo akale, monga isanayambe Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, anamenyedwa ndi galimoto, ndipo iye nthiti wosweka. Scientist anatembenuka kalekale chigonere, ndipo anavutika kwambiri chifukwa kwawo, zomwe, ndithudi, sanali kuwonjezera thanzi lake. Kumayambiriro kwa January 1943 wasayansi anafa mu chipinda hotelo ku New York. Chifukwa boma la imfa mtima kulephera otchedwa. Tesla zaka 86.

thupi unachita kutenthedwa ndi phulusa tsopano mu Belgrade owonetsera zakale dzina lake. Asiye cholowa cha ndalama, chifukwa ndalama zanu zonse anakhala pa chitukuko ndi zatsopano, wasayansi anapereka ana chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri - chidziwitso, patsogolo pa nthawi yake mwa makumi ndi mazana a zaka.

Phindu mu mbiri ya ntchito ntchito

Akukhulupirira kuti wanzeru wasayansi Nikola Tesla, Wambiri ndi zoyambitsidwa amene adakali ndi phunziro la kusamala nthawi yaitali patsogolo nthawi yake ndi Iwo anaika maziko a chitukuko cha njira zamakono zapamwamba magetsi.

Popanda atulukira wake wa dziko, mwina zikanakhala yosiyana, chifukwa ena kale amakonda, zinthu sibwenzi alipodi ndi patsogolo luso akanakhoza kupita njira zosiyana. Ena a chitukuko, amene anasaina ndi sanasunge, zinkayembekezera Kutulukira zaka zaposachedwapa ndi zaka zambiri. Kotero, m'modzi wa eni luso atsopano asayansi kuti uli ndi mfundo za ndege kuti Chili mbali ya ndege ndi ndege. Amene amadziwa, mwina posachedwa chipangizo ofanana adzakhala cholinga ndipo mu moyo. Tesla yokha si kokwanira ndalama kwa pomanga zinachitika pa.

Rada, mphamvu ya kutali, ena mitundu ya mababu kuwala - izi ziri basi yaing'ono mndandanda, popanda yomwe anayenera kuchita popanda kupanga Chisebiya namatetule wa atulukira chake chachikulu. Ndipo mmodzi Kodi mukuganiza kuti anali angati, anthu atachita kwambiri pang'ono. N'chifukwa chiyani yekha wotchuka mafuta-free injini Tesla. Chiwembu cha chipangizo ichi - phunziro la ntchito asayansi ambiri ndi okonda chifukwa chakuti ziyenera kukhala zosavuta zokwanira, kamodzi zikhoza cholinga pa mlingo wa sayansi. Komanso, funso n'lakuti za gwero mphamvu kudyetsa jenereta Nikola Tesla. Malinga ndi wasayansi, iwo anali kuiulutsa. Zinali nthabwala inde wa anthu kapena icho chinali chinachake chimene sichiri koma zilipo masiku ano sayansi inzherenam? Mulimonsemo, pamene otsatira a kuyesera motsanzira ena zimene anakumana nazo ndi kafukufuku wasayansi, zochokera za zatsopano. Mwatsoka, ochepa akhoza kudzitama osachepera wopambana.

Nikoly Tesla zatsopano dziko zipangizo zabwino zambiri, anapatsidwa chitukuko zosiyanasiyana za sayansi patsogolo sayansi patsogolo. Ndipo dziko likadali kudziwa ngati munthu uyu ndi wanzeru kapena wamisala - ndi zachilendo anali zofuna zake, zokumana ndi chitukuko. Mwina n'chifukwa chake anthu adakali sitinaiwale Nikola Tesla.

wachinsinsi Kutulukira

Dzina wasayansi atazunguliridwa ndi mbiri zambiri. maonekedwe ake wakhala chokhala ndi aura zina za chinsinsi, amene anawonjezera okha kutchuka kwake. Ndipo si udindo wotsiriza mu izi ankaimba zoyambitsidwa zodabwitsa ndi zatsopano, zomwe pa mlingo watsopano wa chitukuko cha sayansi akadali sindingakhoze kufotokoza kapena kubwereza.

Popular mphekesera ndiyo zosaneneka ndi yaikulu mndandanda, womwenso chinsinsi ndipo pafupifupi lanthano Kutulukira Nikoly Tesla. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pawo - ndi lodziwika bwino imfa ray, amene amapita nthano chodabwitsa. Pali chiphunzitso malinga ndi zomwe poyamba zinali za ena mwa mphamvu kuikapo maganizo kuti akhoza kuthetsa nkhondo. M'tsogolo, ena newspapermen misquoted wasayansi, ndi kuonekera wotchuka nthano za ray imfa imene mukhoza kuwombera pansi ndege pa kutali kwambiri ndi ndi kupha masauzande a asilikali. Kunena mmene chipangizo anatchulidwa ndi Tesla tsopano zosatheka - pambuyo pa imfa yake zikalata zonse zokhudza chitukuko, zinafa. Ngakhale pa moyo wake iye sanali kupereka umboni uliwonse kuli "imfa ray."

Anthu mphekesera limanena komanso wasayansi yofunika mu Tunguska chodabwitsa. Monga amadziwika, zimene zinachitika June 30, 1908, ndipo sichinayambe ankafufuza bwinobwino, akukhulupirira kuti chifukwa cha kuphulika wamphamvu kunali kugwa kwa miyala yochokera, koma mafupa ake anapezeka. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, chirichonse chimene chachitika - zotsatira za umodzi wa zatsopano Tesla mphamvu kufala chapatali. Ngati ndi choncho, mwina tinganene kuti mupambane.

Komanso, nkhani zambirimbiri za nawo Tesla mu wotchuka Philadelphia Kuyesera, imene ngalawayo ndi mazana awiri anthu pa izo anasamukira ku prostranestve makilomita angapo. The Navy US wakana wozengereza chochitika ichi, kuti mphekesera za iye, kani, nthano m'tawuni. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, nawo namatetule Chisebiya mu Philadelphia kuyesera uposa wofooka, popeza akukhulupirira iye unachitikira mu October 1943, ndipo wasayansi Anamwalira kumayambiriro January.

Ambiri analankhula za zimenezo, Tesla lakwaniritsa ena bwino chilengedwe cha nyumba ya madzi ozizira. Pamaso chabe wasayansi analandira losonyeza mipira kakakulu mpira mosavuta kuwanyamula manja ake, anaika mu bokosi, ndi kukhala sinawonongeke. nyumba anali wolimba kwa mphindi zingapo. Pali zifukwa kukhulupirira kuti anali mpira mphezi, ngakhale mfundo yeniyeni, kumene ayi. Ambiri mwina, anthu amangobwera kucheza kwambiri zamatsenga ndi zachilendo mphekesera kuti anachita Nikola Tesla. Zikuoneka ngati aliyense amafuna kukhulupirira mu zozizwitsa.

Zothandizira mu chikhalidwe zopitiriza kukumbukira

Bakuman kanjedza sayansi akupitiriza kukwiyira maganizo a anthu wamba, ngakhale tsopano. Great cholowa, khalidwe losadziwika, mobisa kwambiri - zonse zomwe zimathandiza Tesla kukhalabe kukumbukira anthu ngakhale pambuyo zaka zambiri pambuyo pa imfa yake.

Choncho, asayansi anaonekera mu filimu "kutchuka," za jugglers awiri odana. Ndi chidwi zoyambitsidwa wake, kuwonekera mu filimu, kokha usavutike - ngati iwo ali wosamvetsetseka, ngakhale n'zoonekeratu kuti nthano. Ndipotu pa moyo wa wasayansi Ine sindinayambe ntchito pa vuto la teleportation wa anthu. Pa mfundo zosachepera molondola za izi sizinatheke.

dzina lake lapatsidwa kwa misewu mmizinda, ndi ndege. Iye akuonekera banknotes Chisebiya ndi ndalama chamadzulo, chipilala wake anamangidwira. Kuwonjezera apo, nzeru kampani American chinkhoswe mu chitukuko cha magalimoto magetsi, anatenga dzina la ulemu la munthu amene analenga zinachitika injini kuthamanga pa AC mphamvu. N'kosavuta kwa ndikuganiza kuti kampani wotchedwa Tesla Motors. Ndipo kale padziko lonse.

Komanso zipangizo ambiri mu ntchito chabe dzina la zatsopano ake, amene anali Nikola Tesla. Koyilo, jenereta, injini ndi zipangizo zina zambiri kupulumutsa kukumbukira anthu dzina la namatetule Chisebiya.

Ndipo, mwinamwake, msonkho waukulu okumbukira wasayansi wamkulu - The SI unit wa kupatsidwa ulemu maginito amatchedwa "Tesla". Choncho ichi ndi namatetule chachinsinsi kwa nthawi yaitali tidzakhalabe mu malingaliro a anthu. Ndipo amene amadziwa kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Mwinanso ndi chitukuko atsopano a sayansi si koma n'zotheka kuti athe kuwunika zotsatira zonse ulemu.