Kupuma Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa anthu

Anthu Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa kupuma - mmodzi wa njira yaikulu ya moyo

Kupuma - Ntchito imodzi yaikulu kukhala moyo mu amoyo. Mofanana ndi zinthu zina zonse, kupuma si waukulu kapena yachiwiri ndondomeko - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu a coherent, inakula ntchito za machitidwe onse ndi ziwalo.

Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa ndondomeko kungakhale kwachibadwa ndiponso pathological. Mfundo za mpweya ndi nako kumvetsa kwa mchikhalidwe ndi zolakwika ayenera yomweyo kuganizira chokha ndondomeko kupuma.

Anatomy ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa a dongosolo kupuma mwa anthu onse okhala m'magulu osiyanasiyana, koma umamumvera limodzi mfundo zachilengedwe - ndi zofunika Pamoyo yachibadwa ya thupi. The Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa yachibadwa ya kupuma ikukhudza ndondomeko kukhazikitsa kudzera m'mphuno. pakamwa pa ntchito kupuma kokha pamene mtundu m'mphuno amakhala mabvuto. Mwachitsanzo, pa chimfine wamkulu pakamwa kupuma, chifukwa m'mphuno kupuma kukhala kovuta. Mu ubwana wanga, pamene kupuma kupyolera pakamwa, madokotala nthawi zambiri akuganiza adenoids atachuluka, amene kupewa Ndime ya mpweya kudzera m'mphuno.

M'mphuno kupuma n'kofunika kwambiri kwa munthu, nchifukwa chake ngakhale ali aang'ono makolo kuphunzitsa ana kupuma kupyolera pa mphuno ndi chizolowezi "gasping kwa mpweya" sanadutsitse matenda a pakhosi. kupuma Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa ndi chotero kuti, kudutsa mphuno, mpweya umayenda pansi airway ali kusangalatsidwa, si choncho ozizira. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mphuno ndi wandiweyani zopezera Mitsempha amene usavutike ndi kudutsa mpweya kudzera m'mphuno. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito kutentha, mphuno aisadza mpweya, wachedwa fumbi mphindi zakugwa mphepo. Munthu Nkofunika kudziwa kuti tsiku lina mphuno kwambiri mwanjira amadwala ngati mpweya, tsiku lililonse (m'mawa) akonzere m'mphuno chofunika.

Kuyambira kumulowetsa mpweya nasopharynx umayenda pansi mu m'phuno ndi trachea. trachea ndi nayenso ogaŵikana ndi machubu bronchial, amene amapita ku kumanja kwa m'mapapo lamanja ndi kumanzere kwa m'mapapo kumanzere. Sami bronchi amafanana nthambi mtengo umene lagawidwa ndi bronchioles ndi malekezero alveoli malekezero (m'mapapo mwanga vesicles). Ndi apa kuti akuyamba mwachindunji kusinthana kwa mpweya zimakhala ndi alichotse ndi magazi m'thupi. Pofuna kupewa ngozi pazipita ndondomeko ya kupuma mawu a fumbi, ndi bronchi ndi trachea Amawapatsa mkati epithelium ciliated yomwe imalozera ku M'mimbamo m'kamwa. Mu njira imeneyi anapanga ntchofu kuti malaya particles fumbi amachoka kwa epithelium wa M'mimbamo m'kamwa. Pamene kutsokomola kapena sneezing thupi zimatulutsa particles wa sputum kuyeretsa dongosolo kupuma - izo ikukhudza Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa ya kupuma, kotero kuwala si viscous sputum, palibe chifukwa nkhawa. Ziipe, ngati sputum zovuta kuti achoke, ali yobiriwira, kapena kusakanizikana magazi - chitsanzo angasonyeze kugonjetsedwa kwambiri dongosolo kupuma.

Alveoli mu dongosolo lawo ndi chosiyana kwambiri - kwathunthu anagonjetsa chikhalidwe cha Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa awo kupuma. Alveolar m'makoma woonda - mzere umodzi wokha wa maselo momasuka akudutsa mpweya ndi mpweya. A udindo wapadera mu ndondomeko kupuma chimagwira surfactant - zakuthupi wapadera lomwe lili malinga a alveoli lapansi. Uyamiko kwa Iye, makoma alveolar sangakhale ndi vuto atelectasis - amavala kutali. N'chifukwa chake n'kofunika kwambiri kuti ana zonse yaitali - mu surfactant awo alveolar zokwanira kuti ana kupuma paokha.

Kupuma Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa akuphatikizapo osati kokha ntchito ya matupi zokhudzana ndi dongosolo kupuma. Mu mafupa kupuma ndondomeko kuchulidwa (nthiti pang'ono anakweza), minofu (mwachindunji analowezedwa kanthu nthiti), ndi zakulera (wapadera dzanja limene amakankhira ziwalo m'mimba ndi kukula voliyumu ya M'mimbamo thoracic pa zochita kupuma). Normal kupuma Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa kwathunthu amapereka thupi ndi mpweya koyenera kuti moyo wake ndi zotuluka ndi "anakhala" mpweya - kuti njira zovuta zikuchitika mu thupi la munthu.