Kodi zambiri - Mars kapena Lapansi? Yerekezerani kukula kwa Dziko ndi Mars

Kuyambira kale, anthu chasanduka maso awo nyenyezi. Koma ngati anthu kale anatembenukira kwa zakuthambo yekha kuti anthu apamwamba zimene zingakhudze moyo wawo katundu zozizwitsa, koma tsopano mfundo zimenezi nthawi zambiri wanzeru.

Mars Kale

Dzina loyamba, analandira dziko, anali Ares. Choncho polemekeza mulungu wa nkhondo ankatchedwa wofiira, kukumbutsa anthu za nkhondo dziko Agiriki akale. Pa nthawi imene palibe amene anali ndi chidwi, kodi zambiri, Mars kapena Earth, mphamvu wasankha zonse. N'chifukwa chake kusintha kwa Agiriki anabwera Aroma. Iwo anabweretsa maganizo awo za dziko, moyo, mayina awo. Anasintha dzina ndi nyenyezi, kufanizira zoipa, nkhanza ndi chisoni. Iye unatchedwa mulungu wachiroma wa nkhondo Mars.

Zaka mazana ambiri zapita kuyambira pamenepo, kale tinapeza zambiri Mars kapena Earth, zinadziwika kuti dziko si nkhanza ndi amphamvu monga izo zinkawoneka kwa Agiriki akale ndi Aroma, koma chidwi mu dziko sanataye, ndipo m'badwo uliwonse yekhayekha kuchuluka.

Moyo pa Mars

sewero loyamba la Mars inafalitsidwa mu 1659 ku Naples. Francesco Fontana, Neapolitan zakuthambo ndi loya anayambitsa kamvuluvulu kafukufuku kuti kugunda dziko kwa zaka zambiri.

Giovanni Schiaparelli mu 1877 analambalilidwa kukwaniritsa Fontana, kupanga osati chabe zojambula, koma mapu a dziko lapansi. Masuku pamutu ndime ya atasemphana lalikulu limene analola pafupi tione Mars, anapeza anzathu mu dongosolo la zowalitsa, ena TV ndi malo amdima. Osataya nthawi iliyonse kuganiza za mtundu wa dziko More: Mars lapansi, anthu anaganiza kuti awa ndi mankhwala a chitukuko mlendo. Unali kuti njira - izo mu dongosolo ulimi wothirira kuti alendo anatumiza kuthirira mabacteria zomera - madera mdima kwambiri. madzi mu njira, malinga ndi ambiri, anagwa kuchokera zisoti ayezi pa mitengo yonyamulira ya dziko.

Wasayansi amene anatulukira zinthu zonsezi miyala, poyamba sindimatanthauza kalikonse monga choncho. Komabe, pa nthawi, motsogoleredwa ndi akupeza ambiri ankakhulupirira ngati kungoganizira otchuka. Iye mpaka analemba ntchito "za moyo zanzeru pa Mars," anafotokoza cha kuwongoka wangwiro wa njira ndi mlendo alimi ntchito.

Komabe, kale mu 1907, ndi malo, ku United Kingdom, m'buku lake "Kodi Mars kuli anthu?" akutsutsa mfundo imeneyi, kugwiritsa ntchito maphunziro onse omwe analipo pa nthawiyo. Iye anatsimikizira momveka kuti Mars chamoyo mfundo okhalapo mwadongosolo ngakhale Mars ali wamkulu kuposa Dziko Lapansi, kapena zochepa.

Zoona Zenizeni za njira

Anatsimikizira kukhalako kwa mwachindunji ngati muvi njira dziko zithunzi mu 1924. N'zosadabwitsa kuti ambiri a zakuthambo, kuonera Mars, sindinamuwonepo zodabwitsazi. Komabe, ndi 1939, lotsatira atasemphana kwambiri anaonedwa za njira 500 pa zithunzi dziko.

Pomaliza konse kutayera yekha mu 1965, pamene "Woyendetsa Chombo 4" anaulukira pafupi Mars amene anali wokhoza Chithunzi izo kuchokera pa mtunda wa makilomita 10,000. Maraturatu awa anasonyeza opanda moyo chipululu ndi zimaphala. woyendera nthambi zonse mdima ndi mitsinje ankangochita yonyenga chifukwa cha kupotoza pamene anaona kupyolera zakutali ndi. Palibe monga zilili m'dzikoli si.

Mars

Kotero, izo ali wamkulu wa: Mars kapena Lapansi? Mars akulemera% 10.7 yekha wa Unyinji wa dziko lapansi. awiri ake pa equator ndi pafupifupi nthawi zosakwana Dziko Lapansi - 6794 Km ndi 12.756 Km. Chaka pa Mars kumatenga 687 Earth masiku, maola - 37 Mphindi yaitali athu. Pa dziko pali kusintha kwa nyengo, koma palibe amene amasangalala isanayambike yotentha pa Mars - ndi nyengo ovuta kwambiri, mphepo mpaka 100 m / s padziko lonse, fumbi wokuta kumwamba, kuphimba dzuwa. Komabe, yozizira miyezi komanso sangathe kukondweretsa nyengo - kutentha silituluka pamwamba opanda madigiri zana. mlengalenga imakhala carbon dioxide, umene m'nyengo yozizira ndi zisoti yaikulu chisanu pa mitengo yonyamulira ya dziko. zipewa izi kusungunula mpaka kumapeto konse. The kachulukidwe mumlengalenga peresenti umodzi wokha wa dziko lapansi.

Koma sindikuganiza kuti palibe madzi pa dziko - pa phazi la chiphala phiri lalikulu kwambiri mu dongosolo la zowalitsa - Olympus - anapeza oundana yaikulu madzi wamba. makulidwe awo ukufika ku mamita zana, malo okwana - makilomita zikwi zingapo. Komanso, mapangidwe pamwamba kuzindikiridwa Similar kuti ziume mitsinje. Zotsatira za kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti palibe nthawi mitsinje amenewa loyenda kudya loyenda madzi.

kafukufuku

Mu XX atumwi kuti Mars anatumizidwa osati opanda okwerera danga, komanso adatchithisira rovers, amene atipatsa kupeza zitsanzo nthaka ya dziko wofiira. Tsopano tili deta yeniyeni pa mipweya ya mumlengalenga ndi padziko lathuli, mmene nyengo yake, tili ndi zithunzi za m'madera onse a Mars. NASA rovers, reconnaissance Kanema ndi orbiter ali ndandanda zolimba, mmene muli ufulu chabe umodzi kwa mphindi 2030 pa chaka.

ziyembekezo

Si chinsinsi kuti anthu amathera yaikulu, malo monga amatanthauza kuphunzira Mars. Iwo kalekale zapatsidwa kuyankha funso la chimene zambiri Mars kapena Earth, koma chidwi mu dzikoli sitinataye. Chavuta? Ndi asayansi chidwi kuti States amawononga ndalama ngati kuphunzira chipululu chamchenga chouma?

Ngakhale kuti n'zotheka pamaso pa zinthu osowa lapansi kupangidwa ndi mayendedwe Padziko Lapansi chabe opanda pake. Science sayansi? Mwina, koma osati mu mkhalidwe umene akutulukira tsopano wa dziko zathu, nthawi chuma phunziro la mapulaneti kanthu.

mfundo ndi yakuti lero, ngakhale mwanayo sapempha funso motalika bwanji dziko lapansi Mars, pachimake kwambiri vuto la kuchulukana kwa dziko buluu. Kuwonjezera pa kuchepa atangochimwa danga zogona zikuchulukirachulukira ndi kufunika madzi, chakudya, akuchuluka nkhani zandale ndiponso zachuma m'madera onse a makamaka wochezeka. Ndi yogwira munthu amakhala, mofulumira kwambiri ife akusunthira kwa ngozi.

Iwo kalekale mfundo yakuti "golide biliyoni" ayikidwa patsogolo, chimene dziko akhoza bwinobwino moyo anthu biliyoni. Ena ayenera ...

Ndipo apa kuthandiza ndi angafikire Mars. Wamkulu kapena zosakwana Earth izo - mu nkhani iyi, si kofunika. Malo okwana pafupifupi wofanana ndi malo a Dziko lapansi. Choncho n'zotheka ndithu kuthetsa banja ambirimbiri a anthu. Mtunda ku Mars si yovuta, njira kuti kudzatenga nthawi zambiri zosakwana kalelo unachitikira ku Roma China. Koma amalonda anali kuchita nthawi zonse. Choncho, imangokhala yokha kulenga zinthu yabwino kwa moyo wa Earthlings pa Mars. Ndipo zikuoneka kuti patapita kanthawi, chifukwa sayansi kupita patsogolo ikupita patsogolo ndi patsogolo chiphona.

Ndipo palibe amene akudziwa amene apambane mpikisano uwu, Earth ndi Mars: kodi yabwino kwambiri ndi moyo zaka zochepa - yankho la funso ili m'tsogolo.