Zosangalatsa za chikhalidwe ndi nyama. Zosangalatsa za chikhalidwe cha ana

Zosangalatsa za chikhalidwe - mutu kuti mwina chidwi aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu, chuma chawo kapena vuto la zachuma. Man ndi chikhalidwe kufuna kwambiri. Iye kumayesetsa kuyamwa mitundu zosiyanasiyana zambiri. Chinachake aakulu yaitali mu kukumbukira, chinachake pasanapite nthawi aiwala, chinachake akhoza mosayembekezeka kuwonekera naye.

Mwa njira, si onse kuganizira mfundo yakuti Mwachitsanzo, zosangalatsa za chikhalidwe ana osowa a kapezedwe wina. Mwanayo sangathe kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa manambala ndi masiku, ndi youma deta zomveka monga Babeloni incoherent. N'chifukwa chake imfomeshoni yofunikira kwa mbali ana, zojambula wotsagana ndi nkhani kutsogolera mafunso.

Nkhaniyi anatchula mfundo zambiri zokhudza chikhalidwe ndi nyama. Inde, anaziphunzitsa kwa wowerenga ngati wamng'ono ndi wamkulu ndi mndandanda wonse n'zosatheka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mauthenga. Koma chidwi kwambiri ife tayesera kuti achotse.

Gawo 1. Awa chipululu chodabwitsa

Akukhulupirira kuti Padziko Lapansi pali kokha 2 lalikulu, koma osiyana kwambiri ndi zipululu mzake, Antarctica ndi Sahara. Ayezi woyamba choncho pafupifupi moyo, wachiwiri m'chilimwe akukumbukira amaperekedwa kwa moto poto ndi kwambiri ofooka asezare. Kufanana Onse akhoza kutchedwa 180-mita milu, chisanu ndi mchenga kwa wina ndi mzake.

T. K. Ife amakopeka kwambiri mfundo chidwi ndi moyo wa chilengedwe, tiyeni tikambirane kwambiri wina mwa mawu a kutentha pa dziko, limene, n'zosadabwitsa, ndi lokhalamo kwathunthu ndi ndithu kuli anthu. Ichi ndi Imfa Valley. Panopa, amakhala mitundu 55 zapoizoni ndi mitundu 40 ya nyama zakuthengo. Komanso chipululu ichi ndi kunyumba kwa mitundu 545 ya zomera. Popanda vuto, inu mukhoza kuwona mitundu 15 ya mbalame, mitundu 13 ya nsomba ngakhale.

Nthawi zambiri, mbiri kwa aridity wa dziko imatengedwa kukhala m'dera la Atacama chipululu, kumene kuli kovuta kulingalira panalibe mvula kwa zaka zinayi.

Monga kudziwika kwa onse Sahara zambiri kuwomba mphepo cholimba kuti usiku amatha phulika m'chipululu matani miliyoni fumbi ndi mchenga. The chimbuzi cha Sahara, 3415 mamita - ndi Emi Couso.

Ndipo potsiriza, wokongola. Ambiri, ife tonse tikudziwa kuti wotchuka zonyenga chipululu. Mwachitsanzo, mu umodzi pachaka madalitso Sahara pafupifupi 160 zikwi. Tsopano ngakhale chikalata khadi wapadera kuyenda kuvala iwo maulendo apaulendo komwe chinali kuonerera mfundo zonyenga.

Gawo 2: Kodi nyama azolowere kutentha

Kupanda chinyezi ndi kukakamiza anthu a m'chipululu kusintha moyo m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, buluzi Molotch anayamba luso lapadera kusonkhanitsa chinyezi khungu. madzi onse amene afika pa khungu lake, likuyenderera mu njira tosaoneka pakati pa sikelo pakamwa buluzi a. Mu makamaka youma nyengo buluzi kuika mimba yake mu mchenga yonyowa, kuchotsa chinyezi kuchokera kale.

Nyama wotchuka chipululu - ngamila. Zimakhala adutsa mchenga wotitimira, ngakhale mu 60 digiri kutentha. The hump ali malo ake mafuta, amene ngati zofunika ali n'kukhala madzi. Ndi kupyolera Ngamila uyu akhoza kukhala masiku 30 popanda kumwa. Komabe, munthu akafika madzi, adamwa malita 90 pa mphindi 10 zokha.

M'chipululu chinkhanira akupanga madzi chakudya, ndi chigoba chake molimbika kumathandiza evaporation wa madzi m'thupi. Pamene palibe chakudya kwa nthawi yaitali, chinkhanira akhoza njala chaka kapena kuposa popanda kukumana ndi mavuto alionse.

M'chipululu cha North America amakhala miyala mapuloteni - katswiri weniweni wa kupirira. Mwina bwino kusamwa mu masiku 100, kudya okha chakudya youma: thupi lake umabala madzi.

Apa, indetu wosatha zinsinsi za chikhalidwe. mfundo zosangalatsa zimapezeka iliyonse.

Gawo 3: Kodi sitidali kudziwa za Antarctica?

Kodi mukudziwa kuti mawu akuti "Antarctica" ikumasuliridwa njira Russian "pandunji Nyamuliranani"? Padakali pano, izo nzoona.

Komanso, tiyenera amatchula kuti si mbali ya dziko lililonse, kaya malo ambiri, polenga phunziro zachilengedwe ndi zinyama. Mwa njira, osati aliyense amadziwa kuti palibe mabacteria nthawi Antarctica.

ndi ntchito yomwe Africa izi mu moyo dziko lapansi n'chiyani? Imodzi yofunika kwambiri! Mu ayezi a Antarctica ndi 70% ya madzi abwino padziko lathuli. Kumene, pamene tilibe ntchito. Koma akatswiri amanena kuti nthawi idzafika pamene kuchokera kwenikweni, zambiri zidzadalira.

Mu chidwi mfundo izi za chikhalidwe cha gawo ili la dziko, ndithudi, sikuthetsa kumeneko. kontinenti iyi imatchedwanso malo kukhazikitsa angapo kaundula, kuphatikizapo: youma, ozizira, cheza dzuwa ndi mphepo yamphamvu kwambiri.

Mwa njira, monga kunapezeka, ndithu Antarctica alibe nzika asayansi okha Ndi anthu osakhalitsa malo awa. Monga ulamuliro, m'nyengo yozizira chiwerengero cha akatswiri inali ku Antarctica, osati anthu oposa 1 sauzande, ndi m'chilimwe -. 5 zikwi.

Onani kuti lililonse "chilimwe" mwezi Antarctica ndi February.

Gawo 4. anyani - nyama wapadera kwambiri kum'mwera

Ngati tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane chikhalidwe cha mfundo zosangalatsa kuti ndithu kutsimikizira kuti chiphaso mwa mbalame zimenezi sangathe. Kwambiri ali chodabwitsa, ndi moyo wawo sichitha Timasangalalanso asayansi ngakhale odziwa.

Choncho anyani. Amuna ena a iwo zikope tcheru kuti mazira zimaswa m'malo akazi kuti nthawi zonse ufulu pochita nyanja. Makolo anabadwa kudyetsa anapiye pa nthawi, belching theka m'mimba chakudya m'kamwa mwa ana.

anyani Chinstrap kumanga zisa dothi, miyala ing'onoing'ono. otchedwa "macaroni" mu England ndi United States mbalame izi. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti mawu akuti kamodzi otchedwa Mods.

Ambiri, pa dziko, mbalame zimenezi kuwoneka zovuta kwambiri, koma kamodzi iwo kulowa mu madzi, chisomo awo ndi see zotheka m'lingaliro lenileni la mawu nsanje.

Komabe, ngati likukhalira kuchita, anyani amakonda youma, kuthera osachepera nthawi m'madzi.

Gawo 5. Chidwi mfundo za chikhalidwe: ndi chosaneneka Pacific Ocean

Tambasula Izi padziko madzi mpake ankaona waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Ndipo zimenezi si zodabwitsa, chifukwa ali 1/3 padziko lathuli.

Osati aliyense amadziwa kuti dzina la Pacific anapereka wotchuka wofufuza za m'ma XVI. Magellan. N'chifukwa chiyani izi? Chinthu ndi kuti kafukufuku, ndi chozizwitsa anakwanitsa kugonjetsa madzi lake popanda mikuntho, komanso ndi mphepo chilungamo.

Ambiri, mu mtsinje wa chilengedwe Pacific Ocean m'zilumba zambiri, zomwe zina mwakula m'lingaliro lenileni la mawu pa nsonga ya moti matanthwe m'madzi. Ndipo pali iwo amene kamodzi anapanga mu situ la mapiri m'madzi.

Akatswiri anakhazikitsa kuti mafunde apamwamba mu dziko ikusonyezedwa pa Pacific Ocean. Mwachitsanzo, pa gombe la Korea, iwo nthawizina kufika 9 m.

Wapakati mozama za Pacific - 4.2 Km. Ndipo mwa njira, apa ndi kuposa seamounts kuposa nyanja ina iliyonse. Mu mbali zotumphukira ndi maganizo, kuya - Mariana.

Gawo 6. lalikulu nyama dziko

Tikamauza aliyense, ngakhale onse mwachisawawa koma zosangalatsa za chikhalidwe ana, ana chinsomba zambiri kucheza ndi anthu chidwi. Inde ndi akuluakulu kwambiri. Komabe, n'zosadabwitsa. Akuti waukulu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri, iwo ali onse kwambiri enigmatic nyama lonse.

Mwa njira, anthu ambiri zinsomba Kodi nyama yopatulika. Mwachitsanzo, mu Vietnam, zosangalatsa za chikhalidwe cha nkhani zonse lowonjezera ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale nthano za moyo wa zimphona izi m'madzi.

Chimodzi cha zizolowezi chapadera cha chinsomba imvi ndi Kumuyika wa zaatatu a. kanthu zinakhalira wamkazi ndi wamwamuna 2. Pakali pano, ngakhale dongosolo kulenga woyamba chinsomba munda m'dziko mzinda Japanese wa Hirado. Koma ntchitoyi ndi zokayikitsa malinga kukwaniritsa zotsatira zina, chifukwa tsiku lina chinsomba amadya makilogalamu 150-230 nsomba. Ndikwabwino kuti aganyali ndalama izo? Kodi sizingakhale chotero ikuchitika opanda pake, nthawi adzatiuza.

Koma mawu a zachilengedwe, iwo akuvutika chifukwa cha zochita zathu. Mwachitsanzo, anapezeka kuti ngati ina ya dziko lapansi massively zinsomba beaching okha, ndiye iwo kutero, osalephera, chifukwa zimakhudza iwo sonar asilikali. Zachitikiranji zimenezi? Chinthu ndi zinsomba ndazindikira dziko poyambilira kudzera kumva kuchokera mafurikwense apamwamba, iwo adzafota, choncho, athe kuyenda mu mlengalenga.

Osanenapo kuti zinsomba ndi nyama okha kusiya ife amene kuimba. Yachidule "aria" chimphona kumatenga za 6 Mphindi, ndi yaitali - nthawi zina theka la ola. Ndipo chidwi kuona zimene ya nsomba umuna chinsomba wa ubongo waukulu kwambiri, masekeli mpaka makilogalamu 8. Yerekezerani ubongo buluu akulemera makilogalamu 3 yekha.

Gawo 7. Chidwi mfundo za chikhalidwe zopanda moyo: kodi mapiri

Aliyense akudziwa kuti kuphulika kwa chiphalaphala yaikulu chifukwa kukumana ndi mavuto aakulu monga mvula ya moto, kusintha kwa nyengo ndi masoka ena, poyerekeza ndi zomwe anawononga nyumba ndi kuonongeka minda suschimi ngati opanda pake. Mwamwayi ife, monga yaikulu ndi oopsa mapiri zimatha kuyambitsa infrequently, kamodzi kapena kawiri pa 100 zikwi. Zaka.

Yaikulu ya kuphulika olembedwa imatengedwa ntchito ya phiri Tambora, ili pa Indonesia chilumba cha Sumbawa. kuphulika ake ndalama miyoyo ya 100 zikwi. Man. Mwa njira ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti mu Indonesia ndi chiwerengero chapamwamba mapiri yogwira, chiwerengero chawo okwana - 76 ma PC.

luso chidwi ndi zachilendo kwa mapiri ndi zina kukula - wambirimbiri chiphalaphala ndi phulusa pa nthawi, kuwonjezeka msinkhu wake.

Kelimutu kuphulika ku Indonesia pamwamba pake ali 3 zachilendo nyanja, nthawi tatenga miyala ya nofeki, wobiriwira, wakuda kapena wofiira mtundu. masinthidwe otere anayambitsa mpweya kuphulika anachita chiyani wina ndi mchere osiyana.

Nawa ochepa chabe mfundo chodabwitsa:

• Phiri apamwamba padziko lathuli imatengedwa phiri la Mauna Loa (4 ths. M), limene lili mu Hawaii.
• Ambiri mwa zilumba Atlantic inakhazikitsidwa monga Chifukwa cha ntchito chiphala.
• Aso chiphalaphala ili pafupi. Kiu-Shiu ku Japan, anazindikira ngati phiri lalikulu kwambiri. Chigwa ake ali ndi m'lifupi 14 Km, kutalika - 23 Km, ndi akuya - 500 m.
• Kuphulika zambiri amapezeka pa sverhvulkana Izalco ili El Salvador, iye Inayamba aliyense mphindi 8.

Gawo 8. kwambiri chachinsinsi nyama dziko

Ambiri, ndithudi, iwo ndi pa Dziko Lapansi kwambiri. Ndipo mfundo za chamoyo akhoza kulankhula mpaka kalekale, kuima pa luso lake lapadera ndi moyo. Komabe, ife kutchula kwambiri, mu maganizo athu, zidzasintha.

Tasmanian mdierekezi - chilombo, pafupi "msuwani" hyena owoneka ngati onse galu ndi chimbalangondo kakang'ono. Pa kumenyana nyama limatulutsa mantha lagwiritsidwa ndi kuchema phokoso. Mphamvu ya nsagwada wachibale kwa kulemera kwa chinyama ichi ndi chachikulu. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi ngwazi yamphamvu ya dziko. Komanso tisaiwale kuti m'mimba pa mdierekezi Tasmanian akhoza kudya chilichonse, ngakhale Mwachitsanzo, jombo ndi zojambulazo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Tasmanian Mdyerekezi N'zosavuta kuphunzitsa, ndipo ngakhale amakhala izidzawetedwa.

Nkhondo - nyama zosangalatsa, amene Spain kuitana "ang'ono mpanda wolimba". The armadillo zing'onozing'ono - Pinki ( "lowoneka"), ndi kukula kwa kokalamba kakang'ono. A armadillo chimphona ali kutalika 1.5 m. Ataona armadillos pangozi, kulankhula, "pindani", kukhala pafupifupi invulnerable.