Zingwe bwino ndi manja awo: sitepe ndi sitepe kufotokoza, mbali ndi ayamikira

Akamaliza wa kukumba bwino akhoza chitani makonzedwe ake. Mokwanira chinthu chofunika chimalumikiza bwino. Ntchito imeneyi ikuchitika pa imodzi mwa njira zamakono alipo, amene amasiyana mawu a magwiridwe, kudalirika ndi mtengo.

mbali Ofunika Strapping

Ngati mukufuna kuchoka kumtunda osachiritsika dzenje mu msewu, ndiye kuti ntchito kokha kukhala zotheka m'chilimwe. Ngati inu kulumikiza mu nyengo yofunda kuti makoma mapeto madzi, ndiye ntchito mphamvu lidzakhala kwa chisanu choyamba. Ngati ndi kotheka, madzi akulowa m'nyumba chaka chonse ritsa ayenera kukhala okhazikika. Chifukwa chaichi izo aikidwa pansi pa mzere chisanu. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kulowa mu dzenje ayenera ili pa akuya 2 m.

Kuteteza madzi ndi zofunika osati kuzizira komanso zinyalala kugwa. Mwazina, zida ayenera nthawi serviced, ndi bwino - kutsukidwa. Choncho, dongosolo mwayi ayenera kuperekedwa.

Kufotokozera za umisiri

Zingwe bwino - ndi lonse zosiyanasiyana za ntchito zimene zikukhudza:

• gasket ndi kuthamanga dongosolo madzi;
• zida unsembe;
• kupereka zizipezeka wa madzi;
• chitetezo kasupe litsiro ndi chisanu.

Ngati ndi muyezo ndondomeko strapping, kuyambira ndi inu muyenera kuti adaputala kapena caisson sump. Kachitidwe payipi pa siteji yotsatira ayenera kulinganizidwa ndi zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo. Ambuye adzatola mpope ndi Zosefera wokwera accumulator ndi kusamalira unsembe ndi mpope ayamba. Mmene osonyeza khalidwe adzakhala ntchito kudzadalira bwino bwino.

Ayamikira pa adaputala, ndi dzenje caisson

Ngati bwino piping adzachitidwa nokha, mu maganizo a ogula, ndikofunika kuganiza za zimene luso lidzakhalamo pa malo madzi achire. Zimenezi zingakhale:

• m'dzenje;
• caisson;
• adaputala.

Kapenanso, zochita kumanga dongosolo pansi. Komabe, chimake izi yilungamitsidwa Koma ngati kumene bwino ili mu zone nyengo ofunda. Ndi kucheperachepera kutentha, chipinda Pakufunika Kutentha, amene si kopindulitsa.

Kuimika bwino akuyendera zapamwamba, ngati inu kupanga dzenje. phindu lina adzatha kutenga ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zida zomangira ntchito zoyamba. Monga malire wina ndi mlingo wa madzi mobisa, chomwe chiyenera kukhala mokwanira otsika, mwinamwake, monga zikutsindika mwini nyumba, ilo anasefukira dzenje. Zipatso akhoza kukhala ndi mphete simenti, njerwa kapena formwork konkire.

Sitepe ndi sitepe ponena za strapping kudzera dzenje

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito luso monga strapping dzenje, ndi woyamba zofunika kusankha njira kupanga. Chotsatira ndi okonzeka dzenje, amene kuya kungakhale kwa mamita 2, mwinamwake kuthamanga mkati adzakhala kovuta kwambiri. Pa pansi ladzala ndi miyala, ndiye inu mukhoza chitani kupanga makoma. Ngati ndi kotheka, iwo akhoza phula, ndiyeno kuwaza ndi kukodzedwa dongo kapena miyala pa wozungulira lapansi.

Ngati bwino chikachitika ndi manja ake zingwe yomanga luso dzenje, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ali opanda chidwi m'kukoma zikayamba otsika. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti n'zotheka unsembe mkati zida, chifukwa akonze chipinda china. Chivundikiro akhale wa zitsulo, iwo ukuchita monga njira ina ku ntchito ya slab simenti ndi izibala. Pa zochitika zimenezi kutchinjiriza. Chivundikiro waukulu akhoza pabwino pansipa m'dera chapamwamba mzere lapansi. The kunja kokha zimaswa.

Kusankha zida

Monga zipangizo waukulu osati zitsime zokumba zogwiritsa pamene kokha mpope zochita. Popanda madzi osati kuyenda mu payipi ya. Pamene anasankha ayenera kuganizira makhalidwe a bwino ndi kudziwa katundu, chipangizo ayenera kukhala wokhoza kuthana ndi ntchito. Mwa magawo waukulu kusankha ikhale:

• ntchito;
• madebiti zitsime;
• zokha;
• osati zitsime zokumba zogwiritsa awiri;
• mutu;
• madzi chiyero.

Koma ntchito, amaonekera zochokera pa zosowa madzi. chiwerengerochi Nkofunika kudziwa molondola, chifukwa mtengo zimadalira mphamvu ya mpope. Zimafunika zidzawonjezedwa 20%. Izi ndi zofunika chifukwa chakuti nthawi zina madzi chofunika pa mlingo wokwererapo, mwa zina, mpope sayenera unathandizira pa malire.

Kumasulira madebiti zitsime, muyenera kuona kuti ntchito zida ndi osankhika kutenga nkhani kuchuluka kwa madzi amatha kupereka bwino. Ngati pali madzi umayenda pang'onopang'ono, mu kupeza mpope amphamvu amapanga sazindikira. Ndi zofunika kuti kusagwirizana basi chifukwa standalone pamene madzi mu malekezero osati zitsime zokumba zogwiritsa. Ntchito, unit youma mwina zidzatenthedwa.

Chiwembu strapping zitsime madzi kwake nkhaniyi. Mwazina, kusankha zida inu muyenera kuganizira awiri a mdzenje ntchito yachibadwa ya mpope. awiri ake ayenera kukhala zosakwana casing ndi osachepera 1 cm. Mu ntchito ya la makhalidwe ofunika zokhudza mavuto. Izi zikusonyeza mmene mkulu unit adzatha kulera madzi.

Mu anapezazo ndi, tisaiwale kuti akuya mdzenje kufunika kuwonjezera madzi chitoliro kutalika. Samalani komanso chiyero cha madzi. mpope ayenera anaikira okhutira madzi a kachigawo chabwino mchenga. Ngati mbali ndi ndondomeko chipangizo mwamsanga zimafunika.

Zingwe m'kamwa ndi dera ake

Chiwembu wellhead ntchito pamene ntchito pa zinthu ndi mapangidwe kuthamanga zomwe si olumpha hydrostatic. Mu nkhani iyi, ndiye mafuta ndi gasi ziwonetsero. Pamene ntchito konsekonse doko mkamwa mwa dongosolo chubu lanu ntchito kuthetsa mafuta ndi gasi zizindikiro. Iwo amafunika enieni ayenera allocated pakati pawo:

• mpira valavu ayenera kukhala mu malo lotseguka;
• magawo anatsimikiza mtunda chitoliro ndi kudziwanso lumikiza poyambira zozungulira ndi mlingo khomo;
• kutseka mpopi chikachitika pokhapokha kutseka zipata malo.

Chiwembu pamwamba ntchito ndi mapepala amene amalandira kukonza ndi kukonzanso, ndi chitukuko cha zitsime ndi mosungiramo kuthamanga, omwe mwina kuposa kapena hydrostatic ofanana.

Mafuta bwino, makamaka ake kumanga

Atenthe zitsime za mafuta - ali mbali ya X-mas mtengo, limene lili chipilala kokha. Anafuna kuti mmodzi kapena awiri piping osati zitsime zokumba zogwiritsa, ulamuliro otaya ndi polojekiti sing'anga mu annulus lapansi. Mapeto kumtunda kwa piping downhole chili mu koyilo, umene uli pa tubular pakati mtengo.

Kumasulidwa zida wellhead ikuchitika padziko zoipazi ntchito mu osiyanasiyana 14 140 MPa. Mu thunthu ili gawo akhoza kukhala wofanana ndi chiwerengero cha mamilimita 50 150. Mas mtengo akhoza inamangidwa ngati poponya kapena zidutswa mtanda. magawo awa anafotokozedwa ndi mizere ya mipope wakutsikira bwino. Komanso, dongosolo yatenganso mavavu kapena dampers.

zitsime mpweya ndi makhalidwe awo kumanga

Zingwe zitsime kofunika mogwirizana ndi deta Madamu mpweya. Zigawo ndi midadada ntchito kuchita ntchito kupanga m'minda kusinthika. Zingwe - si ya ntchito, komanso ya kum'mwera yadera imene imakhudza yomanga ndi flanges welded, tees n'kudzandigunda ndi zovekera ndi adaputala azamagetsi.

kugwirizana osauka nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera ndalama ntchito pa kuwotcherera, zomwe si kuwononga zimfundo ndi likukhudza khalidwe angakhululukire fakitale. Ndime ochiritsira lingayambire pakukhala 50 100 mm, pamene kuthamanga opaleshoni ndi 14-35 MPa.

Pomaliza

Strapping bwino akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito caisson, chomwe chimayimira dzenje lomwelo, koma chopangidwa pa fakitale. Njira imeneyi ndi imene ambiri omwe mukonda. Izo zikhoza kukhala zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zitsulo kapena mapulasitiki. Caisson ubwino pa njira zina kumanga. Choyamba, kwathunthu losindikizidwa. Kachiwiri, n'zosavuta kukhazikitsa. Chachitatu, caisson kungakhale pafupifupi kukula kulikonse, kotero inu mukhoza kusankha njira zochokera zida anaika. Ngati mlingo wa pansi m'dera kuposa 3 m, ndi caisson losindikizidwa chofunika kuikidwa pa bwino piping.