Zimaonetseratu Libya: anthu, zachuma, malo, fuko zikuchokera

State wa Libya lero limodzi mwa mayiko mwachilungamo bwino African. Iwo lili kumpoto m'dzikoli. State m'dera pafupifupi 1 760 zikwi. ^Km2. Capital - mzinda wa Tripoli.

Mu kumpoto, Libya ali ndi kubwereketsa nyanja ya Mediterranean, choncho ndi dziko lalikulu kwambiri African ku Mediterranean. Coexists ndi Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, Chad ndi Niger.

nkhani

Dziko Libya - Dziko amene mbiri kunayamba akale. Malinga zofukulidwa m'mabwinja, asayansi apeza kuti anthu akale tsiku ili m'dera kumbuyo kwa nthawi Neolithic. Mu nthawi yakale ya mbiri ya Libya wadutsa kuchokera ku dzanja m'manja ndipo anali pa nthawi zosiyana za Carthage, Foinike, Ancient Greece ndi Rome, Byzantium. M'zaka VII limodzi ndi Caliphate Arab.
Mu Middle Ages, m'zaka XVI anagwidwa ndi Ottoman. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi pa malire a dziko kumwaza uthenga wa Islam. N'chimodzi wa Ufumu mpaka kuvunda ake mu 1911. Kumsonkhanowo Pambuyo kukhala njuchi la Italy.

Inasintha boma

ufulu wodzilamulira dziko analandira mu 1951, n'kukhala United Kingdom. Koma mfumu anagwetsedwa mu 1969 ndi kubwera kwa Nazi mphamvu, kutsogozedwa ndi Muammar Gaddafi, ndi laku Libya Arab Republic anapanga. Kenako boma anadzatchedwa wa Jamahiriya (misa). Kuti ndi dzina la dera la Libya ano. Population 2011, pa zipolowe zokhudza ndale ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni, mothandizidwa ndi otsutsa ndi boma nagubuduza boma yapita lotsogoleredwa ndi Gaddafi. Popeza pali nthawi zonse kusiyana asilikali amene sangathe kukhadzikika, ndipo tsopano dziko liri mu chikhalidwe cha nkhondo yapachiweniweni.

Dzina la boma

dzina dzikoli amachokera ku chinenero wakale otchedwa Berber mafuko akukhala m'madera amenewa. Woyamba mgwirizano ndale za anthu unkatchedwa "Lieb", patapita anakhala boma ndipo anapanga m'mayiko amenewa. Mu malamulo a yomasulira Russian a m'zilembo za Arab, zingakhale zolondola kuyitana dziko "Libya", koma kuti apeze kufalikira pamaso "Libya" ndi kukhala muyezo lokhazikika.

khalidwe Hrs

Libya lero 90% mwa chipululu, ngakhale kale panali zambiri zomera. Kumadzulo limatuluka mpumulo pang'ono, kupanga m'dera Murzuq m'chipululu Aubari. Apa ndi chimbuzi ku dziko - anali Bikku Bitti (2 267m). Pafupi ndi gombe chipululu uchoka, kusiya malo aang'ono olimapo. malowa ali% 1 yekha m'dera okwana, koma amapereka chakudya Libya akufuna. Gombe ndi indented, m'litali ndi 1770 Km. Bay yaikulu - Sidra.

nyengo

Nyengo Libya, amene anthu amadwala ankasinthana mwadzidzidzi nyengo, yodziwika m'madera chipululu ndi pa gombe. Mu chipululu - youma nyengo zotentha, ndi kusinthasintha khalidwe lakuthwa mu tsiku kutentha ndi usiku. Zikutanthauza kutentha January m'chipululu + 15 ° C ... + 18 ° C, mu July + 40 ° C ... + 45 ° C. Nthawi zambiri chizindikiro ichi kuchuluka kwa + 50 ° C. Iwo anali mu chipululu, kutali likulu, analemba kutentha pazipita dziko + 57,8 ° C. Kumpoto kwa boma pang'ono bata nyengo - subtropical, Mediterranean mtundu. Chamvula pano kugwa pa chaka 200-250 mm. Mu gawo m'chipululu cha chithunzi ichi yafupika 50-100 mamilimita / chaka. China chirichonse m'deralo nthawi zonse kuwomba fumbi mikuntho (Khamsin, anafa). Ambiri a m'gawo ndi zosafunika ulimi. Chifukwa nyengo, nyama ndi zomera za dziko ndi osauka kwambiri. Umene nambala kale ka anthu Libya amadwala kwambiri - njala zonse alipo.

Chiwerengero cha Libya

Ngakhale lalikulu la boma, anthu okha miliyoni 6 moyo mu Libya. Anthu ambiri a m'deralo anasonkhana m'madera kumpoto kwa boma, monga moyo ndi dongosolo nyengo bata. 88% ya anthu kukhala m'mizinda ikuluikulu: likulu Tripoli ndi mzinda wa Benghazi. osalimba a anthu a Libya ndi anthu 50 pa 1 Km ^2. Dziwani kuti chithunzi ichi ndi laling'ono mokwanira.

Mbali khalidwe la anthu ndi mmodzi pa anthu atatu kukhala mu Libya - ana kwa zaka 15. lochitira amenewa chifukwa chakuti pa nkhondo yapachiweniweni anapha zoposa zikwi 50. Anthu zisakuyenda bwino. alionse akuluakulu. Komanso, oposa 1 miliyoni. Anthu anasamuka ku dziko.

mitundu

Kumbali ya kapangidwe mtundu wa anthu a Libya ndi homogeneous. Ambiri - Aluya. Komanso mu mzinda muli ndi mfunda wa Circassians, Tuareg Berbers. Kuti kumene kuli mbali yaikulu ya m'dziko la Libya. Chiwerengero pa gombe Mediterranean wapangidwa ndi m'madera ambiri Ahelene, Chimatisi Italy. Iwo makamaka zikugwira nsomba. Chikalata chinenero boma - Arabic. Nthawi zina pali Italy ndi English.

97% ya anthu amati Sunni Islam. Chikhristu ndi pang'ono zosakwana 3%. Singly kukumana oimira zipembedzo zina.

Administrative magawano ndi makhalidwe zachuma

Popeza 2007, Libya wakhala anayambitsa dongosolo latsopano la utsogoleri magawano. boma lagawidwa 22 mizinda yambiri.

Kwa nthawi yaitali tsoka la Libya (anthu akuvutika kwa zaka zingapo) chinapangidwa wabwino kwambiri. Iye anali mmodzi wa mayiko osauka mu dziko, koma kwa zaka 60 Mu zaka zapitazo, zinthu zinasintha. Izo zinali panthawi imeneyi dera la madipoziti waukulu wa mafuta apezeka. Chifukwa chakuti zonse anthu ogwira anaponyedwa pa chitukuko cha mafakitale mafuta, mlingo wa chitukuko cha mafakitale pansi ndipo kenako kwathunthu unatha kusintha.

Kuwonjezera kupanga mafuta mu Libya kwambiri kapena zochepa anayamba yekha ulimi, umene amapereka zofunikira zawo zokha.

Mlingo chikhalidwe cha dziko - avareji. Oposa 90% ya anthu okhala zaka 16 kuwerenga ndi kulemba. Komabe, chiwerengero cha anthu Libya pang'ono ndi pang'ono kucheperachepera, chifukwa moyo kuno ndi kupeza maphunziro apamwamba, kuphatikizapo maphunziro luso, ndi m'malo ovuta chifukwa kukangana ndi mfuti. Onse ndalama kwa dziko amapita ku chitetezo asilikali.