Zilandiridwenso ndi yonena za Edvard Munch. Chinorowe wojambula Edvard Munch

Today ife kulankhula za mmisiri Norway ndi wojambula likutipatsa, luso theorist ndi zisudzo wojambula Edvard Munch. Iye ankaona woimira expressionism, ndi oyamba. ntchito yake ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa anthu a m'nthawi yake lero. zojambula wake muli mitu kusungulumwa ndi imfa, komanso ludzu moyo. Munthu uyu analenga wapadera zithunzi kokongola kuti monga anachedwa kum'patsa mu dziko lachirendo ndi mantha. E. Munch - talente woona ndi mbuye wa luso lake. Iye anajambula kokha pamene makhalidwe zomuchenutsa iye: chifukwa ndiAmene weniweni kulenga katswiri mu chikhalidwe chimenecho.

ubwana

Wojambula Edvard Munch, amene anabadwa imagwera pa 1863, anabadwa mu banja lalikulu. atate wake, Mkhristu, anali dokotala nkhondo. Mu Munch iye anali mlongo wachikulire, Johanna Sofia, M'bale Andreas, ndi alongo awiri achitsikana, Laura ndi Inger. Banja moyo modzichepetsa zokwanira, mungathe kunena zoona kwambiri. Koma Munch anaphunzira ndi anthu otukuka, kotero anapirira mthupi mwawo zosakhalitsa. mizu chawo ziridi chakuya; wachibale wa zojambulajambula wotchuka anali Neoclassicist, ndi mwana wa Jacques-Lui Davida. Atate Kristiana Munka anali mlaliki, amene ambiri adawazindikira ndi okondedwa, ndi m'bale wake, Peter Andreas Munch - wazambiriyakale wamkulu.

Paubwana banja lake Edward zinalimbikitsa malo. Ichi chinali chifukwa utumiki ngongole bambo, komanso chifukwa chakuti ndi kusowa ndalama anakankha banja nthawi zonse kuyang'ana nyumba mtengo. Nthawi zambiri, banja anali mu Christiania, Norway (tsopano Oslo). Wambiri Edvarda Munka ubwana ali mawanga mdima: zaka 5, mayi ake anamwalira, amene anamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Ndi ndendende zaka 10 ku matenda omwewa anafa mlongo mkulu Sophie. Mu Maulendo Ake, E. Munch anati atate anali nthawi zonse, koma drawback chachikulu chinali chipembedzo chake, zomwe zapita malire onse a bwino. Little Edward zambiri adzazunzidwa ndi masomphenya mantha ya gehena, chifukwa cha ichi anakalamba ovutitsa ndithu mwana. achibale kwambiri anakumbukira kenako kuti zojambula talente anali mnyamata pa zaka zochepa kwambiri.

Monga tanena kale, iye anamwalira ku mlongo TB ya Edward, Sophie. Zinali nkhonya wina kwa iye, chifukwa anali pafupi kwambiri. Akatswiri ambiri moyo ndi ntchito ya zojambulajambula unenedwa kuti kunasintha kukhumudwa mu chipembedzo. Sam Norway wojambula Edvard Munch anakumbukira kuti tsiku limenelo bambo anga restlessly pa malo, manja ake apangidwe mu pemphero, koma palibe chimene akanachita kuthandiza mtsikanayo osauka. M'tsogolo, zinthu zimenezi zinali maziko a kupenta "The mtsikana wodwala."

kukhala

Wambiri Edvard Munch akupitiriza zaka mapangidwe. Iye analowa College zaumisiri, kumene kwambiri kuphunzira sayansi yeniyeni. Man zambiri odwala, koma amayesetsa kuti saphunzira. Posachedwapa, mnyamata amatengera zochita yawoyawo koleji kukhala wojambula. Mu 1881 analowa Royal Chojambula sukulu Christiania. wakeyo amakhala wojambula-zachilengedwe Mkhristu Krogh. Mwamsanga anayambitsa mnyamata ndi bohemians matauni. Zikomo kuti Mkhristu Krog, Edward wakumana ndi wolemba anarchist Hans Jaeger. Mwachangu anapeza ndi chinenero, ndi Munch zambiri amaona chikoka cha munthu uyu. Mu 1883, panali kuwonekera koyamba kugulu poyera Edward - anapereka chithunzi cha "Phunziro la mutu." Kumapeto kwa chaka chotsatira analandira maphunziro, yemwe ankapita ku France. Mu 1886, Munch anapereka kupenta wake "Odwala Bakuman", otsutsa analilandira moyipa kwambiri. Akukana anasokoneza Munch, ndipo izi zojambula wake anali ndiwofatsa.

Paris

zojambula Munch akadali nawo chionetserocho. Ndi wojambula yekha pambuyo kupuma pang'ono kuti France. Pali kupitanso kukaphunzira Leon Bonnat, anapita ku chionetserocho. Iye ayesa masitaelo ambiri luso ambiri amayamba kuyesera impressionism ndi pointillism. Edward amapezeka za imfa ya atate ake, ndipo uthenga anamumenya ndi whack. Iye alibe nthawi maliro, ndi kugwa mu maganizo yaitali. Edvard Munch, amene ntchito anakumana ndi mavuto stagnation, udatuluka mwa maganizo ndi kutitengera wina zojambula wotchuka - ". Night ku St. Mtambo"

"Frieze a Moyo"

Mu 1890 yonena Edvarda Munka pang'ono mbandakucha: mu Christiania, chionetsero cha zojambula, kumene iye afika kuyankha wochezeka. Posachedwapa iye akanati mpumulo mu Nice, naona pano chithunzi Van Goga ndi Gauguin chomwe pambuyo adzakhala osiririka. Panthawi imeneyi potsiriza anapanga Munch kalembedwe - mizere yoyera, zithunzi yophiphiritsira akalumikidzidwa yosavuta. Nditabwerera ku Norway, iye analemba za kupenta "wozingwa" ndi "Frieze a Moyo". wotchuka "kukuwa" posachedwapa kuuka kwa powonekera lomaliza. Patapita nthawi, anakumana ndi A. Norman, amene ankasangalala ndi zilandiridwenso wa Edward. Olemera woyang'anira kukhuta Munch payekha zisudzo mu Berlin. The zaluso zambiri ndemanga zabwino, nthawi yoyamba iye amamvera malamulo. Panthawi imeneyi Munch womangidwa chibwenzi ndi Chinorowe olemera, omwe sali pa china kuposa zoopsa.

matenda

Chifukwa cha mitsempha Romana Munk wayamba kumva zolakwika, koma sanalowe zofunika kwambiri. Posachedwa amanga wina ubwenzi wa munthu ndi cellist lapansi. Koma buku umatha ndi asiyane kovuta kwa khalidwe la chilendo cha Munch. Anayamba kunadetsa kusonyeza ofuna kukayikirana. Anthu ambiri zindikirani kuti Edward amakhala achiwawa ndiponso akufunsa kuti mkangano. Mu 1908 anawaika pa chipatala Psychiatric ku Copenhagen ndi matenda a matenda a m'maganizo. Iye amakhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndi zimayesetsa ntchito yolenga.

Patapita zaka

Edvard Munch, chidwi mfundo zimene sizili choncho ambiri akhoza kukuuzani inu chinachake. Choncho, nthawi zambiri tikuvutika ndi kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, amene ananena mu zolemba zake. Ena amakhulupirira kuti akhagopa akazi red-tsitsi. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndinu zojambula wake anakhala mbali zambiri olimbika, koma nkhani mtendere. Mu 1916 iye anagula Villa, umene ukugwira maluwa. Patapita zaka ziwiri iye agwa kudwala "Spanish chimfine", koma mofulumira akuchira. Mu 1930 iye anali ndi vuto la maso, chifukwa cha zimene iye pang'ono kusiya kulemba. Pamene Norway linatengedwa, Munch amatchedwa "Masewerera a Nordic woona" wojambula. Posachedwapa, Nazi anasintha maganizo kwa Edward ndi kuwasindikiza. M'zaka zaposachedwapa anakhala ndi mantha amene zojambula wake analandidwa kwawo. Iye anafa mu 1944 patangotha mwezi umodzi tsiku 80th.

"The kukuwa"

Edvard Munch - ndi impressionist amene walandira wotchuka kwambiri chifukwa kupenta ake "The kukuwa". Okwana pali 4 a mitundu yake, zimene zinalembedwa mu nthawi ya zaka 1893-1910. Poyamba, wolemba anaitcha "Kutaya." Man, mantha pa cithunzithunzi, mofulumira anakhala mmodzi wa anthu otchulidwa kwambiri anaonekela luso. Baibulo lina pa chithunzipo ndi m'manja mwa munthu wokhometsa palokha. Kugulitsa zojambula pa ogulitsira malonda ndi chiyani "Lilani" chidutswa kwambiri mtengo wa luso.

zojambula kubedwa

Wambiri Edvard Munch akupitiriza lero, chifukwa kumeneko iye ali zojambula wake. ntchito zake luso ndi nthawi anakhala phunziro la mwalowa carve-mmwamba. Mu 1994 iye anali kubedwa ndi kupenta wake wotchuka "The kukuwa" ku National Gallery. Zigawenga kuba zoipa anazipanga, kotero chithunzi anali kukula mu miyezi ingapo. Komanso wachita kuba kupenta Munch a "Vampire". yazamalamulo woona akuluakulu analephera kuchititsa kufufuza bwino, kotero "Vampire" anapezeka. Mu 2004, gulu la achifwamba mwaphunzira Munch Museum zojambula kusintha "Madonna" ndi "kukuwa". Mu 2006, iwo anabwerera Museum, ndi zigawenga chilango awo. Pankhaniyi, zojambula awiri zinawonongeka. Atabwerako zojambula mu m'nyumbayi kwa iwo zimakhalapo, kuda chinyezi anapezeka, kukulumbutsuk ndi ovutika m'mbali. Lokonza ndachita chirichonse chimene ife tikanatha, koma ena mawanga zinkaoneka.