Nyanja ya Azov: amenewa, kuya. Makhalidwe a nyanja ya Azov

Nyanja ya Azov mu Russia anadziwika mu 1 m'ma BC. e. makolo athu amanenela The buluu nyanja. Patatha Tmutarakan ukulu linapangidwa, ilo analandira dzina latsopano - Russia. Ndi kugwa kwa Duchy mobwerezabwereza anadzatchedwa Nyanja ya Azov. Iye ankatchedwa Mayutis, Salakar, Samakush ndi T. N. Mu zaka za m'ma 13, chizindikiro Saksin nyanja. Anayamba mndandanda wa Chitata Mongol adani. Anamuitanira Balik-dengiz (yomasulira - "nyanja nsomba"), komanso Chabak-dengiz (bream, nyanja chabache). Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena, mawu akuti "Chabak" inasanduka "zikande" chifukwa cha kusinthika komwe, choncho dzina panopa. Komabe, malingaliro silikunena zayamba anatsimikizira.

The odalirika kwambiri imatengedwa chiyambi cha dzina ano mzinda wa Azov. Only pa wotchuka Azov yokopa chadzidzidzi ndi Peter Ine, dzina izo anatumizidwa ku dziwe.

The amenewa kwa Nyanja Azov isanayambe kapena itatha lamulo Don

Mu malo oyamba mchikakamizo cha otaya madzi m'mitsinje (mpaka 12% buku okwana madzi), komanso kugawana Kuvuta kwa Nyanja Black anapanga makhalidwe a posungira ichi monga Azovskoe nyanja hydro-mankhwala. Amenewa zinali katatu zosakwana amenewa pafupifupi pa nyanja, ku lamulo la Don. 1 kuti 10,5 ppm ndi 11.5 (moyenera, pa kamwa ya Don, m'chigawo chapakati ndi Kerch Khwalala) anasintha kufunika kwake. Komabe, mutamva analenga Tsimlyansky opangira magetsi zikuchepa wayamba kuonjezera amenewa kwa Nyanja Azov, kufika m'chigawo chapakati cha ku 13 ppm. Wamwanayo ndi 1% zedi fluctuation nyengo.

The madzi a m'Nyanja Azov lero

mchere uli mu madzi ake a Azov Sea. Amenewa - chinthu chachikulu, chifukwa cha zomwe n'zosavuta amaundana. Pamaso pa Kubwera kwa Zombo timasamala ndi dziwe zinali yodutsira m'nthawi ku December mpaka m'ma April. chuma madzi a m'Nyanja Azov monga njira nyanja Choncho ntchito kokha m'miyezi yotentha.

Pafupifupi mitsinje zonse zofunika kuti kuyenda mu izo, anali kusiya m'zaka 20 kuti alenge malo. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti chakuti kumaliseche a matope ndi madzi abwino kwambiri yafupika.

bwino madzi

Kwenikweni, kuchuluka kwa mitsinje zosiyanasiyana madzi oyera, mumlengalenga mpweya kugwa pa nyanja komanso madzi ukubwera Black nyanja ndi ikuyenda iwo kudzera evaporation ndi runoff Kerch njira mode zimatengera amadzimadzi mosungiramo monga Azovskoe nyanja, amenewa amene tili ndi chidwi. Izo zikuwoneka motere bwino madzi. Kuban, Don ndi mitsinje ina kupita mu nyanja ndi, kubweretsa okwana makilomita kiyubiki 38,8 cha madzi abwino. 13.8 ali pa pamwamba pa mvula ake yaitali pafupifupi mumlengalenga. Chaka chilichonse, kudzera pa Kerch Khwalala anathira madzi za kiyubiki mamita 31,2. Km. Ndi chuma cha Nyanja Black. Kuyambira Syvash mwa ndime yakuti Pamtendere mopitirira aziwapatsa nyanja za 0,3 makilomita kiyubiki. 84,1 Km ya kufika okwana madzi. Mowa ndalama kuchuluka kwa evaporation padziko (pafupifupi 35,5 Cu. Km) kudzera zatchulidwazi Photo Kerchensky khwalala (47.4 Cu. Km), ndi otaya kudzera Mavesi Syvash woonda (1.4 Cu. Km). Ndiko kuti, komanso ndi wofanana 84,1.

Mtsinje otaya ubwenzi voliyumu okwana ake

Chiŵerengero buku onse a nyanja ya otaya mtsinje lalikulu ndi nyanja zonse za padziko lapansili. Ngati upambana malisiti mumlengalenga ndi madzi mtsinje pa evaporation awo kuchokera pamwamba, izi zingachititse kuwonjezeka mu msinkhu ndi kuuka desalination, ngati panalibe kuwombola madzi ndi Nyanja Black womwe unakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha malo yabwino kwa malonda nsomba amenewa.

Kufalitsa amenewa la Azov madzi

Motere panopa allocated mu dziwe nyanja ya Azov, amenewa. Akafika 17,5% mu kuya kwa dera Kerch. Iwo amabwera kuno ndi madzi amchere kwa Black Sea. Kodi amenewa ndi 17,5%. Chigawo chapakati cha chizindikiro ichi ndi homogeneous. Chizindikiro ali pano 12-12.5%. Only malo aang'ono ndi 13%. Amenewa mu Taganrog Bay kwa Don pakamwa (mtsinje, moyenda m'nyanja Azovskoe) akutsikira 1.3%.

Pa chiyambi cha chilimwe ndi kasupe chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa madzi, komanso inflow yokulirapo m'nyanja madzi amenewa amachepetsa pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira ndi nyundo ndi za chomwechi kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. The amenewa lalikulu la madzi Azov Sea zimawonedwa mu Sivash, lakutali osaya Bay, ndi otsika - mu za Taganrog Bay.

Kuya kwa nyanja Azov

Azov Sea wa mosabisa. Izo ndi otsetsereka otsika wa kugombe la thupi osaya madzi.

Kuya chachikulu cha Nyanja Azov ndi zosakwana zambiri 15 meters, ndipo pafupifupi pa kozungulira 8. Kuya mpaka mamita 5 pamene agwilitse malo oposa theka a malo ake. Buku la nyanja ndi ang'ono, ndi 320 kiyubiki mamita. Mwachitsanzo kuyerekezera, amene ali pafupifupi 2 zina chizindikiro ichi anaposa Nyanja Aral. Pafupifupi 11 Nthawi kuposa Azov Black Sea, ndipo voliyumu - mochuluka monga mu 1678 kachiwiri.

Azov Sea Komabe, siziri choncho wamng'ono. Mwachitsanzo, akanayikidwa momasuka awiriwa limati European monga Luxembourg ndi Netherlands. Zolemba malire kutalika m'nyanja 380 Km ndipo m'lifupi - 200. 2686 makilomita - okwana kutalika lomwe lili m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

mpumulo sitima zapamadzi

Ndithu mophweka m'madzi zimachititsa chilumbachi wa nyanja. Kwenikweni, bwino ndipo pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka mozama ndi kuwonjezeka mtunda kuchokera gombe. Kaperekedwe Nyanja Azov mawu a mpumulo zotsatirazi. Pa malo ake ali mozama kwambiri. Pansi ndi pafupifupi pomwepo. Nyanja ya Azov ndi kumalo ochepa, yaikulu imene ali Temryuk, Taganrog, ndi Siwash kwambiri zokhazi. Otsiriza olondola kwambiri kuganizira estuary. Pa Nyanja Azov pafupifupi palibe zilumba lalikulu. Pali zingapo osaya amene pang'ono wodzazidwa ndi madzi. Iwo zili pafupi magombe. Mwachitsanzo, chilumba Kamba, Biruchiy ndi ena.

Ichi ndi zazikulu khalidwe Azov nyanja mwa mawu amenewa, kuya ndi mpumulo.

Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro a nyanja

Popeza, monga takambirana kale, Nyanja ya Azov ndi laling'ono kwambiri, madzi m'nyengo yotentha, ikhala ofunda. Iye anali ndi madigiri ochepa otentha kuposa Mwachitsanzo, mu Black. The wofatsa nyengo ndi nyengo zodabwitsa kupanga mulingo woyenera pogwiritsa tchuthi ili m'mphepete.

kuti madzi nyanja imatengedwa umathandizanso. Komanso, mchenga mulinso zinthu zambiri n'kusokoneza opindulitsa kwa thupi. Madzi komanso adzatenga zinthu zambiri zothandiza mankhwala omwe kudutsa mwangwiro pa kusamba thupi kupyolera pamwamba khungu.

Akusambitsa mu nyanja komanso - kutikita kwambiri. Wongolerani ndi khola boma cheza dzuwa, lomwe ndi khalidwe la Nyanja Azov, amalola kutenga sunbathing maphunziro nthawi zonse. Great malo ichi - ndi Azov Sea magombe.

Kuyambira zonsezi tinganene kuti timasamala ndi dziwe ndi malo aakulu machiritso. Mpumulo ndi oyenera kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana mtima, komanso zimakhudza zabwino dongosolo kupuma kwa thupi, zimautsa kamvekedwe ake.