Zifukwa: Mavuto a maphunziro. Maphunziro, kudzilemekeza, kudzidalira

Vuto lina lofunika kwambiri la ndondomeko maphunziro ndi ntchito mapangidwe makhalidwe a munthu aliyense. Kuti wofuna anthu m'mbiri yake yaitali. Pofuna kuti izi m'ma ambiri analongosola mwapadera lamulo la makhalidwe a anthu. Ndipo mfundo zabwino angathe kuperekedwa ngati umboni. mavuto a maphunziro wakhala anathana mothandizidwa ndi makhalidwe aumunthu ndi malamulo analandira anthu a. Mfundo zonsezi ndi panopa mu ndondomeko kudziŵa zinthu munthu ndi anzake ake ndi anthu ena.

Mawu akuti "kuswana"

Zochita pedagogical, lingaliro ili kutanthauziridwa ambiguously. Ngati tikambirana njira ya mapangidwe umunthu abwino, kuswana zabwino angathe kuonedwa ngati kukwaniritsa enaake a chikhalidwe, kuganiza ndi zauzimu chitukuko cha munthu. Komabe, mawu tinganene kuti m'njira yopapatiza kwambiri. Mlingo kuswana Pankhaniyi limanenedwa ngati zochita ndi khalidwe zofanana alipo anthu koyenela mfundo ndi malamulo. Pankhaniyi, munthu mukhoza kuweruza mwa chikhalidwe chake kulankhulana ndi khalidwe. M'mawu ena, mitundu kunja mogwirizana ndi anthu ena.

N'zoona kuswana mlingo akhoza anatsimikiza ndi chidziwitso cha mfundo za makhalidwe abwino zinthu zolimbana malamulo khalidwe la munthu. Ndipo ndi ntchito pophunzitsa sayansi.

Mbali yaikulu ya munthu wophunzira

Zimene tingachite munthu abwino? Kodi zimaonetsa chibadidwe izo? Ali:

1. Ulemu. Iwo akhoza chotheka pofuna kusangalatsa mkwiyo ndi udani, kupewa kukangana, kupeza thandizo koma gwero la chikondi ndi ulemu.
2. Polankhula. Mtundu uwu wa yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale makhalidwe a munthu aliyense ophunzira, amene amandiuza iye njira zoyenera inayake ndipo amalola kuti zikwaniritsidwe mzere yowawitsa ya khalidwe pa kulankhulana ndi ena.
3. Kusunga. kukhalapo kwake akusonyeza pamaso pa makhalidwe abwino.
4. Kudzichepetsa. Atatero, anthu sadzamva kufunafuna kusonyeza anzeru, labwino ndiponso angathe kuposa ena. Koma sizikusokonezani kudzichepetsa ndi mantha ndi manyazi, amene salola anthu kutsatira mfundo zake.
5. Kuthandizana. Ndi khalidwe labwino, koma mpaka nthawi monga izo zimakhala obtrusive. Wophunzira aliyense ntchito kokha pamene kufunsidwa kuti atero.
6. Good ulemu.
7. Wosatekeseka. Mwa choncho pamene chifuniro cha munthu pamwamba achibadwidwe yake ndi luso zachikhalidwe wabwino khalidwe.
8. maluso, pamodzi ndi chifundo ndi wachikondi. khalidwe Zimenezi zikhale zosavuta kulowa muchiyanjano ndi ena.
9. Mphamvu ya chikhalidwe cha maganizo, malingaliro ndi luso lenileni. zizindikiro zimenezi alipo mu kuswana kwa anthu kulenga amene akugwiritsa ntchito osati ntchito komanso kuti athandize ena.
10. Pamaso pa muyezo wa maphunziro ndi umwini wa luso ambiri chikhalidwe.

Mphamvu ya aphunzitsi

yosamalira anthu ndi ndondomeko zovuta ndi maganizo kwambiri. Pankhani imeneyi, ganizirani zotsatira ndi yovuta. Zimenezi kumayamba ndi zaka zochepa kwambiri. Izo ndiye akupitiriza pakhomo sukulu. Panthawi ina munthu akuyamba kuchita kudzipatsa maphunziro.

Kumene, aphunzitsi ayenera kudziwa ngati chizindikiro mapangidwe ndondomeko (kapena magawo payekha) wafika cholinga ankafuna. Pofuna kudziwa mlingo wa maphunziro wa ana, m'pofunika kuti tikayerekezera ndi zotsatira ntchito. Popanda ichi sikutheka kulamulira ndondomeko zina mapangidwe abwino.

Kukhazikitsa mmene zotsatira anakhumba ndipo analandira adzalola matenda a maphunziro abwino. Ndi kuunikaku ndondomeko yeniyeni. kukhazikitsa adzalola kuti awulule mlingo weniweni wa maphunziro. Kusiyana chomaliza ndipo zotsatira koyamba ndi muyezo zofunika kwa mumayesto mphamvu ya ndondomeko kuphunzitsa.

Kuti mupeze deta zofunika kuti agwire kuswana mayeso. Komabe, si ntchito ongolankhula. Khalidwe yeniyeni ya ana mu zochitika zosiyanasiyana ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito zawo zokonzedwa ndi mlingo wa kuswana wabwino wa ana. matenda njira kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira ana ndi malingaliro za malamulo ndi malamulo a khalidwe. Nthawi zambiri, mu kuchita, aphunzitsiwo anafunsa ana mafunso mwachindunji. Pakati pawo:

- umphumphu n'chiyani?

- N'chifukwa chiyani munthu akhale wabwino?

- Bwanji Wapakamwa? etc.

Monga maphunziro a kudzilungamitsa umboni ayenera kutsogolera mfundo zikuluzikulu. nkhani kulera, ngati, adzakhala yomweyo zoonekeratu.

Matenda ogwira ntchito pedagogical kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulemba essays pa mutu womwe. Aliyense wa iwo - ndi mtundu wa mbiri. mlingo kuswana akufotokozera Kuwulura za nkhani yomwe bwino wafala m'dzikoli mkati mwanayo. Mu mndandanda wa mitu kungakhale ikulongosola za mavuto awo masomphenya monga "Courtesy ndi Ine", "Kodi kumvetsa kwanga kwa chilangocho," ndi zina zotero. D. Polemba essays awa, ophunzira ayenera kubweretsa mfundo zawo. Vuto akulera mwana tingaone ndi khalidwe la njira zina zothandiza matenda. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mphunzitsi ayenera chongopeka analenga zinthu zomwe ati awulule makhalidwe.

Kudziwa mlingo wa mapangidwe umunthu amathandiza ophunzirawo ntchito. Mavuto a maphunziro (CSE Atsopano zambiri amapereka mfundo zofanana), limasonyeza achinyamata pa maziko a ntchito mabuku ndi zenizeni za moyo wamasiku ano.

Analysis za kafukufukuyo

Indicators wa maphunziro, chifukwa njira wounikira akutsatiridwa pa zisanu ndi mfundo lonse. Mu izo, pali abwino atatu ndi nambalayi wa mawunikidwe negative. The oyamba zimasonyeza zimene maphunziro a munthu, ndi wachiwiri limasonyeza mlingo wa makhalidwe ake oipa. Mogwirizana ndi ziyenera zabwino? Choncho:

• 3 akunenanso za chibvomerezo khola kuchita kuchita makhalidwe;
• 2 amasonyeza mtima wofuna kanthu inayake;
• 1 akutsimikiza kumvetsetsa kufunika mwana kuchita ntchito zabwino.

Ngati makhalidwe lonse kugwa pansi pa ziro, adzanena:

• -1 - ndi wokonzeka mawonetseredwe zoipa;
• -2 - kufuna zochita zoipa;
• -3 - khalidwe odana ndi chikhalidwe.

Zero pamlingo adzakhala umboni wa zinakambirana.

Kufunika Kupeza Vuto kuswana

Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya ntchito yophunzitsa ndi kumvetsa lathu makhalidwe a mwana, osati makhalidwe ake payekha. Tionenso kale nkofunika kuyerekeza ubale wao ndi khalidwe chilimbikitso. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Inde, nthawi zina, ngakhale zochita uweme wachita kutali ndi zolinga zabwino.

Ntchito yaikulu ya Kupeza Vuto kuswana kukhazikitsa makhalidwe chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ophunzira. Ndi limatchula mbali yowopsa ndi kudzudzula ndondomeko maphunziro. Ntchito deta unachitikira diagnostics amalola kukhala ndi pulogalamu ya ntchito yophunzitsa, ndi Khadili zotsatira zake kudziwa kuchuluka kwa nthawi ndi khama ayenera anakhala kukwaniritsa aphunzitsi ophunzira mlingo kofunika makhalidwe ena abwino.

Kudzidalira ndi kudzidalira

Umunthu mapangidwe ndi zovuta ndi Mipikisano faceted. Imodzi mwa ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kuphunzitsa munthu wamng'ono m'njira ulemu. Nkofunika kwa munthu aliyense. Kudziona ulemu ayenera kuphunzitsidwa kwa mwana kuchokera zaka zochepa kwambiri. Izo ziyenera anapatsa kuzunza mwana mu zaka zoyambirira za moyo wake pa siteji m'banda mapangidwe a munthu. A mbali yofunika kwambiri mu ndondomeko izi ndi za makolo, achibale ndi magulu chikhalidwe chimene chili ndi munthu.

Kudzidalira ndi kudzidalira - izi ndi wapadera makhalidwe ndi kufunika siyana. Iwo angatchedwe ubwino chosaoneka ndi maso osati zokhudzana ndi zochita za anthu.

Kudzidalira ndi kudzidalira - ndi zofunika ndiponso koyenera katundu wa munthu. Angagwiritsidwenso wotchedwa zabwino makhalidwe a anthu moyo, umene wakhala ndaleredwa mu payekha. Iwo ayenera kudziwa mfundo yakuti maganizo onsewa ndi zosiyana kudziona kuti ndi ofunika.

Ulemu ndi kudzidalira - ndi pachimake makhalidwe a munthu aliyense. Atatero, saopa mu mkhalidwe opusa ngati zopusa kwa ena. Munthu timasiyanitsa kudzidalira nthaŵi zonse amasamalira kupepesa akalakwitsa. Komabe, iye Simumva wotsika munthu mwini.

Kudzidalira ndi kudzilemekeza ayenera kuchita zimenezi pa moyo wake. Ndi zovuta. Ndikofunikira kukhala munthu wa makhalidwe abwino, kuchita zinthu anthu a chikumbumtima ndipo malinga ndi makhalidwe abwino, analandira anthu.

Zenizeni za moyo wa masiku ano

Nthawi zamakono dziko lathu amakhala ndi watsopano umoyo-mbiri kunasintha moyo wa anthu. Dziko lonse kwenikweni chosakanikirana ndi mavuto ya mavuto a zachuma ndi zovuta ubale andale, komanso chitukuko cha latsopano kwa ife asapita msika. Ndi zambiri logwedezeka ndi maziko abwino ndi chikhalidwe.

Pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezera mgwirizano wa anthu, akukhala kwambiri wovuta komanso wachiwawa. Pali mkhalidwe wauzimu ndipo pali azingokhala wa mkati dziko la munthuyo. Wauzimu ndiponso makhalidwe vuto la Russia zamakono - ndi vuto la ufulu maphunziro.

Madera pachiopsezo

Crisis wa anthu ambiri atengeke wakutemwa ndi uzimu, chikhalidwe ndi thanzi abwino. Kodi mfundo angathe kuperekedwa monga umboni? Mavuto a maphunziro, makamaka pakati pa achinyamata, m'kukoma imfa ya zolinga za moyo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi aziphunzitso ndi atsogoleri otsutsa zolinga oipawa.

Makhalidwe amene mwambo kwa ife, tsopano lakhala pafupifupi mwathunthu anangolemba chapansipansi. Watsopano, ife mulibe. Ndicho chifukwa anthu sangathe bwino kusiyanitsa chabwino ndi choipa, ulemu, chikumbumtima ndi ulemu. Zikhulupiriro zonsezi kwambiri pamfundo.

mavuto pedagogy

Panopa dongosolo tsiku maphunziro sangathe lotero kuwathandiza kutenga malo chikhalidwe ndi zofunika kwa mbali zonse za dera wauzimu wa munthu. ukulu salola kuti kwathunthu kuthetsa chikhalidwe malamulo ndi mfundo, chilengedwe ndi maphunziro thanzi, ndi zina zotero. D.

Kachitidwe sukulu alibe malingaliro bwino za mapangidwe umunthu. The "maphunziro" mawuwa pang'onopang'ono akumasuliridwa lingaliro la "atengere anthu." Iwo zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo ndi khalidwe la maphunziro, kumene kumakhudza mlingo wa munthu. Osati kale litali, Russia anazindikira limodzi la mayiko wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko. Masiku ano, maganizo kafukufuku deta amanena kuti timasamala ndi mabuku osiyanasiyana journalistic mabuku osachepera anthu Europe.

Akuluakulu nkhawa ya mayiko, anamenyela ndi kusowa aphunzitsi a chidziwitso cha ophunzira mbiri ya Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Ndipo nkhaniyo ndi chakuti dongosolo la maphunziro. Ndi kokha anapatsidwa maola asanu kuphunzira zapadera yaikulu mu mbiri ya boma athu.

Njira mwa mavuto

Makhalidwe siyikuperekedwa kwa munthu pobadwa. Umunthu mapangidwe ndi zovuta maphunziro ndondomeko. N'chifukwa chake munthu ayenera kuphunzitsidwa makhalidwe abwino, ndi anthu chikhalidwe. Komanso, mbali yaikulu idzaseweredwe ndi kuphatikiza ndi umodzi anzeru ndiponso mwapang'onopang'ono anthu, komanso chuma aluntha a anthu.

Zonsezi limodzi kudzakuthandizani kuthana kachitidwe zoipa ndi maphunziro, limene tsiku mu Russia. njira zina mwa mavuto zauzimu ndiponso makhalidwe abwino kumeneko.

Mavuto a maphunziro ndi ntchito zolembalemba

Vuto wa munthu masiku ano zinthu zambiri ndi kupanda maziko mbiri ndi mfundo zimene zinali maziko a moyo mu Russia wakhala nthawi wapita. N'chifukwa chake leavers sukulu zambiri anaitanidwa taganizani vuto maphunziro. Zifukwa mabuku ochokera pa nkhaniyi apatsidwa mu zolemba za mayeso.

The kupanda uzimu - izo ndi vuto la maphunziro. Zifukwa m'mabuku, amene kungachititse kuti umboni alipo mu buku "Ife" Zamyatin. Ntchito yake, wolemba Limanena za "awerengedwa" moyo mu mkhalidwe wangwiro masamu. Kayendedwe ka moyo wa atchulidwa izi amanoledwa ku ungwiro, koma iwo alibe miyoyo. Pa nkhani imeneyi, "ciphers" analibe chidwi ndi kukongola kwa dziko ndi iwo alibe chikhumbo kuti kufunafuna yapamwamba.

Chitsanzo cha munthu wauzimu ndi ngwazi za nkhani Solzhenitsyn a "Tsiku lina mu Ivana Denisovicha" - Alyosha. mnyamata uyu anali kundende, kuyesera kukana chikhulupiriro. Koma zimenezi sizinachitike kuswa Alyosha. Tsiku lililonse kuwerenga Uthenga Wabwino anayesera kubweretsa choonadi chake kwa akaidi ena.

Kutengera pa ntchito za upamwamba ndipo kawirikawiri maphunziro alembe nkhani. vuto limatuluka mayeso kuswana zambiri. Choncho, nthawi zambiri analemba za makhalidwe abwino a munthu m'ntchito zake L. N. Tolstoy. Akuti nkhani iyi, ndi mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere". Mmodzi wa anthu ake - Anna Mihaylovna Drubetskaya. Mkazi uyu cholinga chachikulu pa moyo chuma chipangizo mwini bwino kukhala. Pakuti ichi Drubetskaya apita. Iwo amagwiritsa chakuthengo mphamvu, ndi chinkhoswe m'mbale manyazi ndi zina zotero. D.