Nyanja ndi m'maiko, mayina awo, malo pa mapu

dziko lapansili ndi m'goli kwambiri mtunda. matendawa, chakuya wodzazidwa ndi madzi, ndi zina dziko ukufanizidwa ndi dziko. Zonsezi pamodzi - nyanja ndi m'maiko. Iwo amasiyana kukula, nyengo, mawonekedwe, malo m'mayiko ambiri.

Mogwirizana kwa nyanja ndi m'maiko

Ngakhale kuti madzi a dzikoli ndipo dziko ndi zinthu zingapo zochititsa zimasiyanitsa, pakati pawo iwo yogwirizana. Map of m'maiko ndi nyanja ndi umboni wa ichi (mukuona. Mmunsimu). Madzi ndi mosalekeza amakhudza njira zikuchitika pa dziko. Nayenso, kupanga maiko a mbali dziko nyanja. Komanso, zimene amapezeka mu dziko nyama, ndipo mu mbewu.

The madera a m'mayiko ndi nyanja limasonyeza malire pakati pa madzi ndi dziko m'madera. M'maiko anayikidwa padziko lapansili omangidwa. Ambiri a iwo zili kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. N'chifukwa chake sayansi South otchedwa hydrological. Mayiko ndi nyanja ya dziko anawagawa m'magulu awiri ndi ulemu kwa dziko. Iwo amene ali pamwamba mzere wa theka kumpoto, ndi zina - kum'mwera. Aliyense Africa ali m'mphepete mwa dera lonse. Chotero kodi nyanja kusamba m'maiko? The Atlantic ndi malire Indian m'makontinenti anayi, kozizira - ndi atatu, chete - onse kupatula Africa. Okwana mu dziko m'maiko 6 ndi nyanja anayi. Malire pakati pawo m'goli mpumulo.

Pacific

Iwo ali yaikulu madzi m'dera mwa maiwe ena. mayiko ndi nyanja mapu amasonyeza kuti amatsuka m'maiko onse kupatula Africa. Pamafunikanso ambiri nyanja yaikulu ndi malo okwana pafupifupi mamiliyoni 180 mamita lalikulu. Km. Kudzera pa Bering Strait zikugwirizana kwa Ocean Arctic. Ndi ena awiri ali dziwe limodzi.

Zolemba mozama madzi ndi Mariana ngalande - zoposa 11 Km. Buku okwana dziwe ndi kiyubiki mamita miliyoni 724. Km. Nyanja zatenga% 8 zokha m'dera la Pacific Ocean. Kuphunzira madziwo anayamba m'nthawi ya 15 ndi geographers Chinese.

Atlantic nyanja

Ndi achiwiri kukula mu dziwe dziko. Monga mwambo, wina dzina la nyanja amachokera ku mawu wakale kapena mulungu. Atlantic amatchedwa pambuyo wotchuka Greek titan Atlas. m'dera madzi chochokera Antarctic kwa M'madera a zitunda boma Arctic. Iwo akugawana malire ndi nyanja zina zonse, ngakhale ndi Pacific (kudzera Cape Horn). Mmodzi wa lalikulu ndi Hudson Straits. Iwo Atlantic beseni chikugwirizana kwa Arctic. Nyanja zimapanga 16% pa nyanja. Kusambira dziwe m'dera - pang'ono kuposa miliyoni 91,5 mamita lalikulu. Km. Ambiri Atlantic ndi kumtunda nyanja, ndi mbali yaing'ono chabe a iwo - m'mphepete mwa nyanja (mpaka 1%).

The Ocean Arctic

Iwo ali wamng'ono m'dera madzi pa dziko. Kwathunthu ili kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Wotanganidwa gawo - miliyoni 14,75 mamita lalikulu. Km. Voliyumu ya beseni ndi za miliyoni 18,1 kiyubiki mamita. Km madzi. Kuya pazipita mfundo amawaona kuti ufa wa Greenland Nyanja - 5527 m.

mpumulo ukufanizidwa ndi pansi pa madzi a m'mphepete chokhala ndi shelefu lalikulu. The Ocean Arctic lagawidwa maiwe Arctic, Canada ndi European. Chinthu chapadera wa madzi ndi wandiweyani ayezi pepala, zomwe kungapitirire onse miyezi 12 pa chaka, nthawi zonse kulowerera. Chifukwa cha nkhanza ozizira nyengo ya nyanja si choncho wolemera nyama ndi zomera, monga ena. Koma mu izo ndi zofunika madzi malonda.

Indian nyanja

Iwo ali wachisanu padziko madzi a dziko lapansi. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti dzina la aliyense wa nyanja ali mwina lawolawo kapena m'maphunziro underpinnings. Kusiyana komwe kulipo ndi Indian dziwe. dzina lake ali maziko kwambiri mbiri. Ocean dzina lake polemekeza Asian dziko loyamba, yomwe ikutchedwa kuti World Old - polemekeza India. M'dera madzi chimakwirira kudera la mamita lalikulu miliyoni 76,17. Km. buku zake ndi za miliyoni 282,6 Km kiyubiki. 4 umatsuka kumtunda ndipo m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Pacific. Iwo ali lonse dziwe kusambira mu madzi dziko - makilomita oposa 10 zikwi.

Eurasian Africa

Ndi Africa yaikulu pa dziko. Europe ndi ku Asia ndi ambiri kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Pa gawo m'dzikoli ali pafupifupi theka la malo m'dziko dziko. Malo ndi za miliyoni 53,6 mamita lalikulu. Km. zilumba zatenga 5% ya Europe ndi ku Asia - mamita zosakwana 3 miliyoni lalikulu. Km.

Onse nyanja ndi m'maiko ndi inakula. Koma Africa Eurasian, ndiye osambitsidwa nyanja zonse zinayi. Border Line kwambiri indented, chakuya. Africa ndi zigawo 2 dziko lapansi: Asia ndi ku Ulaya. Border Mezhuyev iwo unachitikira mu mapiri Ural, mitsinje Manych, Ural, Kuma, Black ndi Nyanja ya Caspian, Marmara, Nyanja Mediterranean ndi chiwerengero cha malemba.

America South

Mayiko ndi nyanja mu gawo ili la dziko ili makamaka Chigawo cha Kumadzulo. Africa ndi Atlantic ndi Pacific mabeseni. Iwo akugawana malire ndi North America kudzera Caribbean Sea ndi kamtunda kopita ku chilumba cha Panama. Kapangidwe ka Africa chikuphatikizapo ambiri zilumba sing'anga-kakulidwe ndi zazing'ono. Ambiri a kumtunda okulira ndi mitsinje monga Orinoco, Amazon ndi Parana. Pamodzi iwo amapanga m'dera madzi mamita lalikulu 7 miliyoni. Km. Malo okwana America South - miliyoni 17,8 mamita lalikulu. Km. Lakes pa kulalikira, pang'ono, ambiri a iwo ili pafupi ndi mapiri a Andes, monga Nyanja ya Titicaca.

Dziwani kuti pa dera la Chile ndi mathithi dziko apamwamba - Angel Falls.

North America

Ili mu dziko lapansi Western. Iwo anali kusambitsa nyanja onse kupatula Indian. Madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja monga gombe (Nyanja Bering, ndi Labrador, Caribbean, Beaufort, Greenland, Baffin) ndi Magombe (Alaska, St. Lawrence, Hudson, Mexico). North America ali ndi malire wamba ndi South pa Panama Canal.

Machitidwe kwambiri chilumba amaonedwa kukhala Canada ndi Alexandria archipelagos, Greenland ndi Vancouver. M'dziko ali m'dera mamita lalikulu kuposa miliyoni 24. Km, kupatulapo zilumba - pafupifupi 20 miliyoni lalikulu mapazi. Km.

Afrika

Malinga ndi dera Kupititsa lachiwiri pambuyo Europe ndi ku Asia, umene m'mphepete kumpoto-kum'mawa. Ndasambitsa okha Indian ndi Atlantic nyanja. The m'mphepete mwa nyanja nyanja yaikulu ndi Mediterranean. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Africa ndi kontinenti ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ena a kuwunika. M'dera limeneli la nyanja lathuli ndi mayiko kuwoloka mabacteria angapo nyengo ndi equator. Nayenso Africa umachokera ku kumpoto kwa kum'mwera zone subtropical. N'chifukwa chake pali mlingo wochepa kwambiri wa mpweya. Choncho, pali mavuto ndi madzi abwino ndi ulimi wothirira.

kontinenti ya Antarctica

Ndi ozizira ndi amphwayi Africa. Ili pa Pole South. Antarctica, komanso Africa, kontinenti ndi gawo la dziko. Chuma Kupititsa a zilumba zonse pafupi.

Antarctica ndi kontinenti apamwamba mu dziko. kukwezedwa pa avareji padziko 2040 meters. Ambiri a dziko limene oundana. Population kumtunda uko, okwerera basi angapo ndi asayansi. Mkati Africa, pali pafupifupi 150 nyanja subglacial.

Chile Australia

M'dziko ili mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera. dera onse ali, akutanthauza Australia. Ndasambitsa ngati nyanja ya Pacific ndi nyanja ya Indian Ocean, monga Miyala, Timor, Arafura ndi ena. Yaikulu zilumba pafupi ya Tasmania ndi New Guinea. Africa ndi mbali ya dziko, amatchedwa Australia ndi Oceania. Malo ndi za miliyoni 7,7 mamita lalikulu. Km.

Kudutsa Australia ndi 4 mabacteria. Mu gombe kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa Chile anapereka dziko lonse m'nyanja.