Wojambula Henri Cartier-Bresson: MBIRI, moyo, zilandiridwenso ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

A mpainiya photojournalism anali French wojambula zithunzi Henri Cartier-Bresson. katswiri wake wakuda ndi woyera amaonedwa ntchito woona wa luso, iye anali woyambitsa wa "msewu" photoskill kalembedwe. Izi waluso chidwi za bizinesi wakhala kupereka amapereka zambiri ndi mphoto. Cartier-Bresson, amene yonena ndi chingokugwira zithunzi ake anatha kukonza otchuka awa: Jean Genet, Koko Shanel, Marilyn Monroe, Igorya Stravinskogo, Pablo Picasso, ndi ena.

Cartier-Bresson anabadwa mu France, August 22, 1908 mu mzinda samveka Shantlu, pafupi Paris, pamalo amene mtsinje khoka ndi Marne kuphatikiza. Anamutchula polemekeza agogo ake kumbali ya makolo. bambo ake anali malonda a ulimi wa thonje thonje. Great-agogo ndi amalume Cartier-Bresson anali wojambula luso.

kuyambira pa msewu

Pamene Henry adakali wamng'ono kwambiri, iye anapatsidwa kamera yabwino pa nthawi (Brownie bokosi). Mothandizidwa ndi namatetule m'tsogolo okhala anzake, kodi kugwila mphindi onse wosaiwalika wa achinyamata. Amalume Louie (a wojambula luso) mukopedwe dziko la Cartier-Bresson. Henri zambiri nthawi yocheza ufulu mu sitolo yake. Monga wachinyamata, anakhala chidwi surrealism.

Wabwino Tirhana Education

Nditamaliza sukulu mu 1925, Bresson kwambiri kusankha kuchita luso labwino, ndipo pali sitima ndi Cubist zojambulajambula Andre Lhote. Ndi maphunziro amenewa anachita ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu mapangidwe Henri wojambula zithunzi. Loti anali mphunzitsi okhwima kwambiri, ndipo sanapereke mwayi kwa ufulu kulenga, kotero Karte- Bresson zopita ku utumiki usilikali.

Travel pofunafuna zithunzi chikondi

Mothandizidwa ndi mabuku a nthawi mu 1930 ndi Henri akukhala pa mchombo ndipo anatumizidwa ku Africa. Koma ulendo inatha mu kulephera - wamng'ono Bresson anadwala malungo ndipo ngakhale analemba cholemba kudzipha. Koma achibale anamukakamiza iye kubwerera ku France, kumene iye anali kupita kupyola kothandizidwa matenda aubongo ndipo adzachira. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Henry anakakhala Marseille. Nthawi zambiri akungoyendayenda m'misewu ya mzindawo ndi kamera mu manja ake ndipo anafunafuna woyenera powonekera kwa zithunzi cholimba. Pamene Bresson potsiriza anachira, zinali kupita m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya, komanso kukaona ku Mexico. M'nzake yabwino kamera lapamtima.

Ntchito mu photomaster US

Mu 1934, Cartier-Bresson anakumana ndi Polish wojambula zithunzi, aluntha pansi pa pseudonym David Seymour, ndi Chihangare wojambula zithunzi Robert Kappa. ojambula zithunzi izi anapeza zambiri zofanana ndi ulemu kwa luso la kujambula. Mu 1935, Bresson ankapereka kubwera ku United States, pamene chionetsero loyamba la ntchito zake (ku New York) amagwiritsidwa. Pambuyo pake, mfitiyo kupereka kwa zitsanzo chithunzi magazini mafashoni, koma Bresson si kwambiri.

Cooperation ndi mafilimu a kanema a

Mu 1936, wojambula zithunzi Cartier-Bresson anabwerera ku France ndipo ndinayamba kugwira ntchito ndi wotchuka French wotsogolera Jean Renoir. Mu umodzi wa mafilimu okha Renoir Bresson anayesa ngati wosewera ndi. Anathandizanso wotsogolera kuwombera matepi ena amene yeniyeni nthawi imeneyo.

Njira yoyamba photojournalism

Ntchito yoyamba Cartier-Bresson monga photojournalist ndi zinasindikizidwa mu 1937, iye analemba pa kamera kwa French mlungu coronation Mfumu George VI ndi Mfumukazi Elizabeth. Wojambula mwaluso angathe kugwila nkhani zimene kukonzekera chikondwerero cha mzinda. Pambuyo Cartier-Bresson labambo adawomba mphamvu.

kukwatiwa

Mu 1937, Bresson anakwatira wovina, Ratna Mohini. Anakakhala ku Paris, anali lalikulu situdiyo chipinda, kuchipinda, khitchini ndi bafa. Henry anayamba ntchito wojambula zithunzi za French nyuzipepala chikominisi ndi wake Atolankhani anzake. Ndikhale wa Party Communist la France, iye sanatero.

Zaka Zovuta nkhondo

Mu September 1939, nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse itayamba, Cartier-Bresson anapita kutsogolo, anakhala ogwirika mu asilikali a ku France (monga kujambula zithunzi zopelekedwa). Nthawi ina nkhondo kwa wojambula zithunzi French anatengedwa mkaidi, komwe anakhala pafupifupi 3 zaka ntchito mokakamizidwa. Kawiri anayesa kuthawa msasa, amene anali kulangidwa ndi kukhala mu chipinda chayekha. Kupulumuka wachitatu bwino, iye anatha kubisa pa zikalata wopeka. Iye anayamba kugwira ntchito mobisa ndi mobisa kugwirizana ndi ojambula ena.

Pamene France atatuluka Nazi zonse Bresson anatha kugwila mafano awo. Pa nthawi yomweyo anathandiza pa ntchito yolenga ndi zopelekedwa za kumasulidwa kwa dziko, ndi kubwerera kwa asilikaliwo French kunyumba filimu. Kanemayu inajambulidwa mu United States. Pambuyo pake, Achimereka anakonza vernissage zithunzi wake pa Museum of Modern Art. Mu 1947 inasindikizidwa buku loyamba ntchito ndi Henri Cartier-Bresson.

Chidwi Ofesi photojournalists

Mu 1947, Cartier-Bresson, pamodzi ndi anzake Robert Kappa, David Seymour, George Rodger bungwe bungwe photojournalists woyamba amatchedwa "Magnum Photos". mamembala gulu anatumizidwa ndi boma. Young photojournalist anali kupita m'madera ambiri Indonesia, China ndi India. Mayiko Kuzindikila wojambula zithunzi analandira amati akayatsa maliro a Gandhi ku India (1948). Komanso, iye ankatha kugwila pa kamera gawo lotsiriza la Chinese Civil nkhondo mu 1949 ndi kufika mu Beijing za ubwenzi chikominisi. Mu 1950, Henry anapita ku South India, kumene zithunzi za kumagwa midzi ndi mphindi chidwi mu moyo wa dziko.

Buku lakuti "The Yofunika Mphindi"

Inasindikizidwa mu 1952 buku loyamba la ambuye wamkulu wa Chingerezi. Iwo anatengedwa 126 katswiri anapanga mu madera osiyana a dziko. Cartier m'bukuli mumalimba maganizo ake pa luso la kujambula. Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya wojambula zithunzi, akuona - kugwira nusu lalikulu la chachiwiri cha chimango cha.

Mu 1955 kunali chionetsero choyamba cha ntchito yake France. Iwo unapangidwa bungwe ku Louvre. Izi zisanachitike, sipanayambe imachitika zisudzo. World Cartier-Bresson ndi yosiyanasiyana. Mu 1966, wojambula zithunzi lolunjika pa zithunzi ndi malo kujambula.

Soviet Union mwa maso a mbuye wa kujambula

Great Cartier-Bresson kupita kukacheza ndi Soviet Union kawiri. Kwa nthawi yoyamba iye anabwera kuno, pamene Stalin atamwalira (1954). Chimbale choyamba "Moscow" imene imafalitsidwa mu Journal Live lasindikizidwa mu 1955. Izi buku loyamba mu West za moyo wa nzika Soviet mu nthawi pambuyo nkhondo. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu zaka zambiri, anthu Soviet anali kupeza kuchokera kuseri kwa chophimba mwachinsinsi. Bresson anapita ku Russia, Uzbekistan, ndi Georgia.

Pa Soviet Union, wojambula zithunzi zonse anati mosamala ngati akuopa kuti mwina wina anamva. Kachiwiri Henry kuno mu 70s lapansi. Mu Pachithunzipa wa zithunzi za Cartier-Bresson nthawizonse zakhala anthu: ana ndi makolo, achinyamata kuvina, ntchito ya zomangamanga. Pakati katswiri wake pali zithunzi za zionetsero mtendere, pamzera pa owerengera wa masitolo akuluakulu ndi mausoleum la Lenin. Wojambula mwaluso anachoka kugwirizana pakati pa mwamuna ndi zenizeni.

makalasi kupenta

Mu 1967, Bresson linatha mkazi wake woyamba ndipo chinkhoswe mu luso labwino. Iwo ankaganiza kuti kuchokera zithunzi adatenga zonse zimene ndikanatha. kamera yake zobisika ndi otetezeka ndi apo anamutenga koyenda.

Henry posachedwa ukwati, ndipo mu ukwati iye anali ndi mwana wamkazi Melanie (1972) anabadwa.

Yekha mbuye konse ankakonda kujambulidwa, ngakhale pamene akupereka digiri aulemu kuchokera Oxford University. Anapewa mphindi pamene linamasuka, nthawi zina anaphimba nkhope yake. Cartier-Bresson konse pamoyo wake.

Anafa anayambitsa photojournalism mu 2004, 96 chaka moyo. Asanamwalire, anatha kutsegula thumba la cholowa chake kuphunzira zake kulenga zambiri mbadwo watsopano wa ojambula.

Njira Cartier-Bresson

Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, mbuye ntchito ndi Leica kamera, okonzeka ndi mandala 50mm. Nthawi zambiri chrome nyumba wagawo iye swathes wa wakuda tepi kuti izo osaonekera. Bresson konse kudula wanu zithunzi, sanachite montages aliyense chithunzi, sanagwiritse ntchito kung'anima. Iye anagwira ntchito monga mbuye yekha mu mtundu wakuda ndi woyera, konse anabwera pafupi chinthu. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chinali kugwira nthaŵi yofunika. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti ngakhale chinthu zing'onozing'ono ndi nkhani lalikulu chithunzi ndi wamba kwambiri munthu - ndi leitmotif zithunzi yowoneka bwino. kalembedwe wake - moona msewu kujambula. chithunzi luso maestro anatha kugwila pa filimu ambiri otchuka: Henri Matisse, Zhana Renuara, Alberta Kamyu ndi ena.

Books wotchuka mbuye

Aliyense amene anayang'ana pa chithunzi cha dziko wotchuka wojambula zithunzi, anali wokhoza kuti atsimikizire kuti umunthu chidwi kwambiri anali Henri Cartier-Bresson. Mabuku a mbuye kufalitsa padziko lonse. The woyamba, "mphindi Yofunika" linatuluka mu 1952. Kuwonjezera kusindikiza iye mabuku awa:. "Muscovites", "Ulaya", "World wa Henri Cartier-Bresson," "About Russia", "nkhope ya Asia", "Dialogues" M'buku lake "M'maganizo Zenizeni" muli zambiri Maulendo, zolemba, essays, ndi photojournalist wotchuka. Books Cartier-Bresson ndi wamtengo wapatali kwambiri kuphunzira malangizo photoskill wake matalente angati amene anakhalako.

Nsonga kwa mbuye kwa oyamba:

• M'pofunika molondola agwirizane chimango malire ndipo ganizirani likulu lake, ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
• Photo-mbuye sayenera atchuke, ntchito yake - kukhalabe inconspicuous.
• Ojambula pa ulendo kwambiri, kuphunzira kuwerenga maganizo, makamaka anthu.
• Ndi bwino kugula kamera yabwino m'malo ochepa wochepa kwambiri.
• Chabwino loyamba kuphunzira ana chojambulidwa ndi achinyamata, iwo amathandiza.
• wojambula zithunzi Zimenezi ziyenera kukoma luso.
• Sizipanga kwambiri akatemera, muyenera momveka bwino kudikira nthawi yoyenera kuwombera.
• Musaphwanye okhawa, nthawi zonse tiyenera kuyesetsa ro.