Watercolors. mfundo zofunika

Mawu akuti "madzi-mtundu" ali ndi matanthauzo angapo. The choyamba - ndi mtundu wa penti ndi utoto madzi sungunuka. M'mawu ena, inks ndi sungunuka m'madzi wabwinobwino, kupanga zinthu translucent ndi pang'ono za mitundu pigment. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti alenge zotsatira zosaneneka za lightness ndiponso zobisika mtundu panopa mmene anawasiyanitsira. Kuyambira uyu anabwera dzina la ndondomeko zina mu njira ya kupenta - watercolor.

Watercolor akukhulupirirabe okha, ntchito imene ipangidwa ndi utoto madzi m'Baibulo. Mbali khalidwe la kupenta izi kwagona kuti pa nthawi ya kalata lilibe ntchito woyera. nchito imeneyi imagwiridwa ndi kuyera kwa pepalalo, amene sanali penti kapena yokutidwa ndi translucent wosanjikiza utoto.

Watercolors, chifukwa oobennostyam ake, amakulolani kulenga zojambula wapadera. Mbali awo ndi osiyana Amakhala makamaka mu mandala wosanjikiza woonda utoto zimene zatsalira pambuyo madzi uphwetsa pa pepala.

Ndi mitundu yonse ya mitundu zipangizo watercolors amadera chimodzi cha wamkulu ndi amisiri aliyense ndi likutipatsa ojambula zithunzi sukulu osiyana alipo. Scientist odziwika luso mbiri yakale ntchito, imodzimodzi ndi mipukutu Aigupto ndi hieroglyphics. Mu luso la Byzantium wakale ntchito watercolors ikusonyezera mabuku mapemphero ndi achipembedzo. Patapita nthawi, anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa underpainting ndi kupenta zithunzi pa matabwa. The amisiri wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano ntchito mtundu wa utoto ndi zina zachidule kwa frescoes ndi zojambula easel. Nthawi yathu isanafike anasunga ambiri ntchito, utoto watercolor, ndi ambuye monga Raphael, Rubens, Lessyuer ndi ena ambiri.

Chifukwa cha omasuka wachibale wa ntchito, mitundu madzi ankagwiritsa ntchito luso labwino.

The zikuchokera inks izi, komanso ena ambiri, finely abraded inki, ndipo monga binder ananenanso mu pang'ono mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomatira chomera ofotokoza. Koma mu kufanana zina zikuchokera ali m'gulu uchi, phula, glycerol, ndi mitundu ina ya resins. Ndiyamika zigawo izi utoto ndi ductility, kuuma kapena softness, ndi zina zofunika. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu awa akupezeka mu mawonekedwe a mpango olimba anaikidwa chidebe wapadera, ndi theka-zamadzimadzi kapena zofewa - machubu. Kugula watercolor utoto kwa kupenta akatswiri akhoza kukhala mu sitolo aliyense luso.

Pakati opanga zoweta utoto makamaka ofunika yosangalatsa ya "Popanga madzi a gamma" ndi ZKH "Neva phale". Otsiriza mwa ojambula zithunzi unadziwika ngati "watercolor" Leningrad "." Iwo amatuluka mu muli cuvettes wa 2.5 ml ya machubu kapena 18 ml. Osiyanasiyana mtundu zimenezi zimaphatikizapo mndandanda wa "White Mausiku", "Ladoga" ndi "Sonnet". The mitundu abwino "Popanga madzi a gamma" imatengedwa kuti ndi mndandanda wa "situdiyo". Mankhwala khalidwe mafakitale onse ndi mfundo yaikulu si wolephera opanga ambiri achilendo.