Utoto: mitundu ya utoto ntchito mkati ndi kunja

Painting ndi limodzi mwa mabuku akale ndi pa nthawi yomweyo waukulu zipangizo kumalizitsa ntchito mwa munthu. The cholinga chodzitengera anaonekera anthu kuyambira nthawi zakale. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi penti malinga ndi kudenga m'mapanga imene munthu wakale moyo. Kale pa iye adafunafuna nthawi azikongoletsa miyala imvi, ntchito ocher, makala ndi magazi a nyama.

Zaka zapita, koma chilakolako kujambula anthu utachepa. Iwo sinthani mtundu wa chilichonse iwo inadza. Utoto magalimoto ndi nyumba, tsitsi, ubweya, ziweto, etc. N'chifukwa chake m'zaka zaposachedwapa chiwerengero cha mitundu ya zinthu izi chawonjezeka kangapo.

No utoto sangachite kukonza chilichonse. Koma munthu wakupitiriza izo, kulota za kupanga lingaliro yabwino ya khoma kapena denga anasunga kwa nthawi yaitali, zaka makumi awiri kapena zina zotero. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kudziwa kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya penti, amene ali makhalidwe. Izi adzalola kupeza chuma chabwino liza, amene adzakhala ngati n'zotheka.

kapangidwe

Utoto opanga monga mankhwala awo mwa zigawo zitatu. pigment ichi, binder ndi zosungunulira. Kuyambira woyamba mwa zigawo izi zimatengera mtundu wa utoto. Binder salola kutha kugwiritsa wosanjikiza pambuyo atayanika. zosungunulira The cholinga kuchepetsa utoto kwambiri wandiweyani, uyenera kuthandiza ntchito yake. Nthawi zambiri chiphunzitso osakaniza akuwonjezeka zosiyanasiyana latches, stabilizers ndi zina zina.

Malinga ndi makhalidwe ndi quality, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya penti. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

kusankhidwa

penti ndi chiyani? Mitundu ya kumaliza mfundo cholinga chake anawagawa chilengedwe, komanso ntchito mkati ndi kunja. Onsewo ali ndi kusiyana mu makhalidwe awo. Choncho, inki ntchito ntchito kunja, ndi kugonjetsedwa kwambiri kwa chinyezi, dzuwa, yofanana kutentha ndi zinthu zina kunja. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo ali kwambiri poizoni choncho analetsa ntchito m'nyumba.

Pakuti yokonza nyumba ndiponso zipinda muyenera wosiyana ndi utoto. Kuyenera lakonzedwa kuti ntchito mkati. Amenewa ndi ankaganizira kwambiri zinthu zina Choncho, sichiri nyumba kunja kuwamaliza.

Mtundu wachitatu - utoto konsekonse. Mitundu iwiri yoyambirira ya zipangizo, monga tatchulazi, ndi makhalidwe osiyana. Universal chomwecho utoto ungagwiritsidwe osati kwa m'banja komanso ntchito panja. Linapangidwa wa madzi ofotokoza choncho si poizoni.

Makhalidwe m'gulu zikuchokera zosungunulira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana onse anawagawa:
- mafuta;
- emulsion.

utoto mafuta

Nkhanizi kuwamaliza zachokera mzimu woyera, mafuta linseed, turpentine, mafuta kapena mowa. zinthu zonsezi solvents organic.

Pa maziko zimene anapanga mitundu ya mafuta? Standard atithandize kumvetsa izi. Ndi nthawi mtundu wa nsalu, malingana ndi mtundu wa chigawo thobvu. Choncho, mawonekedwe AF-021 amasonyeza kuti zikuchokera utoto linseed mafuta ndi chenicheni. Ngati MA-025 - Pamodzi, etc ...

Ubwino waukulu wa utoto ngati lagona wosanjikiza awo amphamvu madzi. Koma pali drawback a zinthuzi. Kuyanika, mafuta utoto likusonyeza onse solvents ake organic. M'nyumba zingayambitse kuledzera.

Ntchito utoto mafuta ofotokoza nkhuni, zitsulo, simenti pulasitala, gypsum putty ndi pamalo ena ambiri. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa pa vodoemulsionku CHIKWANGWANI.

Mafuta ofotokoza utoto nkhuni angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati phunziroli ndi. Chifukwa chaichi izo zina kuchepetsedwa ndi turpentine, mzimu woyera, palafini kapena solvents ena.

Kale, mafuta utoto ntchito konsekonse. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito pa mapeto komaliza pamwamba. Komabe, masiku ano zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito zina, zipangizo zamakono kwambiri. Mfundo yakuti mafuta utoto akhoza adzauma kwa masiku angapo, kusonyeza pa nthawi yofanana ndi zinthu zoipa zimene anthu ndi kuyamba kutenga mutu. Komanso wosanjikiza ntchito salola pamwamba kuti "kupuma". Zimenezi zimabweretsa maonekedwe mwa iwo ming'alu ndi khungu pambuyo zazing'ono kokha nthawi (zaka zitatu ndi zisanu). Komanso, linseed mafuta chikasu, pamwamba wotaya mtundu wapachiyambi.

Komabe, ngakhale zolakwa zake kwambiri, ndipo lero akupitirira kuchitidwa utoto mafuta. GOST mosamalitsa umboni nkhani kuwamaliza, kutanthauza mitundu zosiyanasiyana za osakaniza manambala ndi makalata. Ogula kugula zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kupeza utoto chifukwa zitseko ndi mafelemu zenera, radiators ndi pamalo ena. Ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito monga phunziroli ndi.

emulsion utoto

Nkhanizi kuwamaliza zakonzedwa mwa kusakaniza ndi fillers ndi inki ndi madzi. Ndipo, lero, ochuluka ntchito mu ulemerero wa nyumba. The mbali zabwino inki izi kuti pamene atayanika zilibe zimatulutsa poizoni. An ntchito yofunika kwambiri emulsion utoto ndi nsangala zake zachilengedwe.

Nkhanizi ndi zovuta ntchito. Osati kwathunthu zouma, izo mosavuta kutsukidwa kwa manja ndi zipangizo.

Kodi mitundu ya utoto emulsion?

Nkhanizi kuwamaliza lagawidwa mitundu yambiri. Mwa mitundu awa:
- lalabala;
- akiliriki;
- lalabala;
- polyvinyl nthochi;
- Water-omwazika.
- silikoni.

emulsion utoto

Nthawi zambiri ntchito komaliza pamalo kuwamaliza mkati. Izi ndi zinthu wochezeka, lomwe lili lalikulu kufunika zokwanira kwa ogula. Lalabala utoto, mtengo umene chimene chikupezeka kwa zigawo zonse za anthu, kugwiritsidwa iliyonse pamwamba. Choncho imagwiritsidwa mpweya permeable polima filimu. Kudzera zimatenga mabanja. Koma iye sanaphonye madzi. The mbali zabwino za nkhaniyi ndi kuphulika ake ndi moto.

Mosiyana ndi madzi ofotokoza madzi madzi omwazika utoto zambiri zosagwira. Zimenezi zimathandiza kwambiri N'kutheka misozi pamwamba umene chagwiritsidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza.

akiliriki utoto

zomangira izi kusintha kwambiri ndi cholimba. makhalidwe amenewa kuwapatsa utomoni akiliriki. zinthu zimenezi ndi yaikulu chigawo chimodzi cha binder zikuchokera. Mitundu akiliriki utoto ndi kukwera mtengo, kotero si aliyense wogula mabasi pa kusankha kwawo. Komabe, izi ndi zodabwitsa kukongoletsa zakuthupi. Pambuyo atayanika ndi anatha kupirira ngakhale frosts aakulu. utoto akiliriki bwino madzi kukana. Ndipo chithunzi ichi kumawonjezera ndi kuchuluka kwa resins akiliriki mu zikuchokera awo. utoto amenewa ndi tintable kwambiri. Komanso, kupanga pamwamba wosanjikiza kuti ukhoza kwa zaka zambiri.

lalabala utoto

Iyi ndi njira kwambiri mtengo wa onse zipangizo kuwamaliza madzi ofotokoza. Monga mbali ya utoto ndi bwino madzi kukana, elasticity ndi durability, ndi lalabala. Ntchito ya amenewa angakhale pamalo odula zosiyanasiyana. Kungakhale onse khoma ndi denga, umene uli kale youma kwa mphindi 20-60.

PVA utoto

Ndisonyezeni iwo zochokera PVA. Ndipo ogula ngati lalabala bwino kuyambira masiku a USSR.

Polyvinyl nthochi kuwamaliza zakuthupi - ndi wochezeka, lightfast ndi angakwanitse. Komabe, utoto uwu sungakhoze kutsukidwa pafupipafupi. Iye mwamsanga peel kuchokera pamwamba.

silikoni utoto

Nkhanizi kuwamaliza ali watsopano ndiponso mtengo. Paudindo binder silikoni utomoni protrude m'menemo. chigawo ichi amapereka mkulu madzi kulimbikira utoto. Tatenga liza zinthu zochokera silikoni akhoza kwa chekeni pamalo onse, kuphatikizapo zitsulo.

enamel utoto

Nkhanizi kuwamaliza wapangidwa ndi inki ndi vanishi. utoto izi zikhoza wogulitsidwa mayina osiyanasiyana. Mitundu ya zokutira enamel monga mu mndandanda wake wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi enamel nitric ndi enamel utoto ndi alkyd enamel. Pambuyo atayanika padziko anapanga Mat kapena chonyezimira glossy filimu ndi mphamvu yapamwamba. zigawo zingapo za nsalu ngati kupereka chitetezo chabwino kwa zinthu lokutidwa asatengere makhalidwe osiyanasiyana akunja - dzuwa, kutentha kusiyana, etc. owola kudya kuyanika nthawi (. 15-45) □ Ndipo kudziwa kuwononga makina ...

wapakamwa

zomangira izi zimasiyana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati ndi kukana ake pazipita zinthu kunja chilengedwe. Iwo ayenera kusankha malingana ndi katundu wa padziko ankachitira. Wood, njerwa, ndi simenti akusowa utoto yake.

Mitundu kuganizira liza zipangizo ntchito wapakamwa lagawidwa:
- silicate;
- akiliriki;
- silikoni.

Silicate kunja utoto kwa kunja ndiyo zochokera dispersions polima ndi galasi madzi. Nkhanizi ndi cholimba kwambiri ndi odalirika. Iye anapanga nthunzi kwambiri ndi breathable, ndipo chifukwa anachita ake zamchere kumathandiza maonekedwe a nkhungu pa makoma ndi bowa.

Akiliriki utoto kwa wapakamwa ali kusiyana kwambiri kuchokera m'mudzimo. Iwo ndi kukana kwambiri cheza UV ndi makhalidwe mumlengalenga, komanso mkulu spreadability ndi kutsitsi osachepera.

Kwambiri patsogolo komanso zamakono monga silikoni utoto. Ali ndi makhalidwe abwino a silicate ndi zipangizo akiliriki kuwamaliza - kugonjetsedwa dzuwa limakhala lamphamvu ndi elasticity.

Masiku ano opanga komanso kupereka wapakamwa akupereka Perchlorvinil. ntchito zawo akulimbikitsidwa zokongoletsa panja. utoto amenewa akamagwira Kutha mu perchlorovinyl zosungunulira kapena xylene. M'menemo kutentha kwa osakaniza anakhalabe pa madigiri makumi asanu ndi awiri. Solvents ali zikuchokera amenewa volatilized ndi kuyanika, ndipo pali zokwanira olimba kukongoletsa ndi zoteteza wosanjikiza padziko ankachitira.

Perchlorovinyl mitundu musati kuyamwa chinyontho mkati kuwamaliza. Iwo anapanga ndi mkulu machulukitsidwe hue kuti chimakhala cha zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.

Brand Tikkurila

Pakali pano, ogula atapereka kwa kunja utoto zofuna mkulu. Iwo salola opanga kuima. Iwo akonze zipangizo kuwamaliza chotero, chomwe osati kungopereka pamwamba pa chimodzi kapena mtundu wina, komanso kuteteza litsiro ndi chinyezi, cheza ultraviolet ndi kusiyana kutentha. katundu onsewa ali kujambula "Tikkurila".

Chizindikiro cha dzina chomwecho, kupereka katundu wawo pa msika wa utoto ndi varnish yomanga zipangizo, ali kale kuposa mbiri stosorokaletnyuyu. Zamgululi a kampani ino ndi bwino kuti makasitomala kudzera osiyanasiyana ake lonse ndi zabwino kwambiri.

Si chinsinsi kuti mtundu wa wapakamwa pa - odula. N'chifukwa chake zinthu kuwamaliza ayenera katundu ngati kuti adzalola kuti kalekale ndi molondola kuteteza pamwamba. makhalidwe amenewa ndi kujambula "Tikkurila". Ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi soda, kukana amadza ndi kukana kumva kuwawa, ali kwambiri kubisala mphamvu ndi mkulu nthunzi permeability. Chotero khalidwe makhalidwe kuwalola kumaliza zipangizo kupereka maganizo kwambiri ndi wapakamwa chitetezo kwa zaka khumi kapena kuposerapo.