Wambiri Boris Polevoy, mtolankhani otchuka ndi wolemba

"Anthu Russian nthawizonse zakhala ziri chinsinsi kwa mlendo" - mzere pa nkhani ya lodziwika bwino woyendetsa Alexei Maresjev, lomwe linalembedwa ndi mtolankhani Russian ndi novelist Boris Polevoy m'masiku 19 basi. Izo zinali mu masiku amenewo zoopsa, pamene anapita ku Nuremberg mayesero. Iyi ndi nkhani ya kwachinsinsi Russian moyo wofuna kukhala ndi moyo ndi kupulumuka mu zinthu kuzisiya, popanda kutaya mphamvu ya mzimu. Za luso anzawo ndiponso kuti akampereke, kukhululuka ndi mtima wanga wonse ndi kupewa nkhonya ya tsoka. Ndi ululu kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri wosweka, dziko lawo, limene Inabuka bloodbath, koma sanafe ndipo anapambana. Mofanana ndi buku lililonse za nkhondo nkhani imeneyi sanatisiye osayanjanitsika zosiyana, zolinga zake anajambula ndi ankachitika opera. A nthano ya munthu amunamuna - mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa amene analandira mphoto yapamwamba ya unawonongedwa nyengo - ndi Stalin Prize. Koma ambiri Chofunika, nkhani ya katswiri woyendetsa, anakhalabe opanda miyendo, kukondwa wake ndi mphamvu akhala chitsanzo kwa mibadwo ingapo.

Maloto kukhala mtolankhani

Boris Campo anabadwa mu Moscow mu 1908. Makolo ake anaika kuyambira ali mwana wake kukonda kuwerenga. Kampovyh kunyumba anali laibulale yapamwamba, pamene iwo anasonkhana ntchito yabwino ya zapamwamba Russian ndi achilendo. Boris mayi anga kukoma zabwino kuwerenga ntchito za Gogol, Pushkin, Lermontov. Patsogolo ulimi banja anasamukira ku Tver, kumene mnyamata ndipo akupita kuti chiwerengero sukulu 24. Atalandira maphunziro asanu ndi chaka kusukulu ndi kuphunzira pa sukulu luso akudzipereka kukhala technologist pa fakitale "Proletarka".

Koma pa sukulu Boris wamng'ono anali ndi chidwi utolankhani. Ndipotu iye anakulira phokoso ndi yodzaza fakitale bwalo, ndipo iye nthawizonse ndinkafuna kukuuzani anthu momuzungulira, makhalidwe awo komanso zochita. Ndinkafuna kulemba maganizo ndi mmene wodzazidwa mnyamatayo.

Alias kwa mkonzi

Wambiri Boris Polevoy monga mtolankhani anayamba ndi cholemba kakang'ono mu nyuzipepala dera "Tverskaya Pravda". Ndipo zaka zingapo, iye analemba essays, nkhani, kugwira ntchito monga mtolankhani wina. Field alias anaonekera malangizo a mkonzi wa nyuzipepala izi. Campus mawu Latin amatanthauza "munda".

Utolankhani wakhala tanthauzo la moyo wake, iye ankasangalala ndi kulenga mwachidwi anafotokoza miyoyo ya anthu wamba, antchito kutamandidwa, kunyozedwa ndi waulesi slob. talente yake sanasangalale nazo, ndipo pambuyo kutulutsidwa kwa buku "Maulendo a munthu crummy" amatetezedwa ake anatenga limakhulupirira Gorky. Aka kanali koyamba kwambiri zinachitika yonena za Boris Polevoy. Mu 1928 anakhala mtolankhani akatswiri ndi kupatula moyo ntchito yake. A "October" magazini mu 1931 anafalitsa nkhani "otentha shopu", zimene zinabweretsa iye mabuku otchuka.

Nkhondo ndi nyuzipepala "Pravda"

Chinthu chofunika lotsatira amakhumudwa yonena za Boris Polevoy - nkhondo. Mu 1941, iye anasamukira ku moyo mu Moscow ndipo anayamba ntchito monga nkhondo mtolankhani mu nyuzipepala "Pravda". Iye analemba essays, zolemba, nkhani za nkhondoyo, za momwe ikuyendera asilikali athu mu West. Nkhani zambiri za anthu wamba, kulimba mtima kwawo ndi chikondi chachikulu kwa moyo. Kuti Boris Polevoy analemba ndi kunyada za Matvey Kuzmin, amene ndi 83, anabwereza chintchito Ivana Susanina. Pa kutsogolo izo malire ndipo nthawi zambiri maola kulankhula ndi asilikaliwo ndi anamwino, kumvetsera nkhani zawo ndi kulemba mwatsatanetsatane.

Kulembedwa izi kungadzutse ntchito chidwi zolembalemba ndi essays. Boris Polevoy monga mtolankhani ndi chidwi ndi zilembo za anthu, ndiye, ndi zimene kudzipereka anamenyana mdani. Pankhondo ndipo pambuyo nkhondo nthawi, kuwonjezera pa nkhani nyuzipepala, pa cholembera kunja ntchito monga "Doctor Chikhulupiriro", "Mbiri ya Mwamuna Weniweni" zopelekedwa buku "mu mapeto" ziyeso Nuremberg. mulandu uwu wa atsogoleri a Wehrmacht Boris Polevoy okhala pa masamba a bukhu, kumene nawo zidindo wake za choonadi mantha za oipa Nazi. mabuku ake onse otchuka kwambiri, iwo kuwerenga kuti m'maenje ndipo "Mbiri ya Mwamuna Weniweni" udakhala kuvomerezedwa mu maphunziro kusukulu.

Kudzipereka kwa ntchito yawo

Kulikonse ngakhale anapita Boris Polevoy kwa ntchito yake yonse akatswiri! Iye osiyanasiyana m'dziko lonselo kuchokera Kaliningrad kuti Kamchatka ndi analembanso. No zochepa amadziwika m'buku lake za Siberia, za momwe kumanganso dziko nkhondo itatha. Kunena "Gold" ndi "Pa gombe la mtsinje," lolembedwa za anthu Union, amene anapulumuka mu mavuto ambiri m'dera limeneli. Mu 1961 anakhala mkonzi wamkulu wa "Youth", ndipo kwa zaka 20 zinali kwambiri kuwerenga magazini mu Soviet Union. Popeza 1946, iye - kazembe Supreme Soviet la USSR, kuyambira 1952 - wotsatila mutsogoleli wa Society Loona za Culture, kumene anaphunzitsidwa zofunika pa kuphunzitsa achinyamata.

Mu 1969 yonena ndi Boris Polevoy kudzadza ndi chinthu china chofunika - anali osankhidwa wapampando wa bungwe la Soviet Mtendere Fund. Creative ntchito Boris Yeltsin - woyenera chitsanzo. Photo mtolankhani Boris Polevoy anaphunzira mnyamata aliyense. akulemba n'zosavuta kalembedwe, ngwazi amatha kukumbukira kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo akufuna kuti atsanzire. Full yonena za Boris Polevoy - chitsanzo omveka odzipeleka ntchito yake, ndipo kulikonse kumene anali, utolankhani wakhala mu malo oyamba. Boris Polevoy anafa Moscow, kumene anaikidwa m'manda mu July 1981.