Wamaliseche kupenta: mbiri ndi modernity

Wamaliseche kapena wamaliseche zithunzi - chimodzi chofunika Mitundu ya kupenta. Kotero izo zinali mu nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe (ndikuganiza mwala "Venus"). M'mbiri yonse ya anthu ojambula zithunzi wamkulu ankachita chidwi ndi matupi amaliseche, amene si chinazilala lero. "Manyazi" pa luso m'ma 21 odzipereka kalekale zinachitikira thupi fano.

amakedzana

Wosazindikira wojambula anaona thupi fano (makamaka wamkazi) chizindikiro cha chonde ndi kuvekedwa ndi kufanana yoyenera. Ndi chitukuko cha chitukuko ndi anasintha malamulo mafano anthu: ku Iguputo anali woyamba zithunzi ovomerezeka a anthu, omwe kenako zidapatsa m'dzanja la chosema Greek ndi frescoes.

Mu Greece wakale mpatuko manyazi anafika pachimake - suona manyazi ndi nthabwala woyimba, chithunzi matupi othamanga ankachiritsa malinga ndi zimene thunthu ndi asayansi mipata (Golden Gawo Mwachitsanzo).

Nthawi ya Chikhristu: Ages Middle

Ndi kufala kwa Chikhristu kupenta maliseche zikuchepa anataya pansi - manyazi wakhala yosonyeza tchimo ndi chiyeso ziwanda. Komabe, ena mafanizo zochitika m'Baibulo sakanakhoza kuchita wopanda maliseche zithunzi thupi.

Pofika kumapeto kwa Middle Ages manyazi anataya udindo wake monga chipatso choletsedwa, koma mkubwela kwa Kubadwa Kwatsopano anayamba maluwa atsopano a zojambulajambula, kuphatikizapo wamaliseche. Anthropocentrism khalidwe kwa Kubadwa Kwatsopano anzeru chimake zopezeka mu luso. Maliseche mu kupenta wa Raphael, Michelangelo, Da Vinci ndi ojambula zithunzi zina za nthawi anakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri ya zojambula yolembedwa ndi zojambula mpingo. Panali kwenikweni kuzindikira wolemba kalembedwe - mulu wa matupi ambiri a yemweyo Michelangelo ndi zovuta kupeza.

nthawi yatsopano

M'zaka za m'ma XVI kachiwiri panali kuchoka ku zachirengedwe, malingaliro zokongoletsa anasintha ndipo panali latsopano kunsonga kwa kukongola, zimene zinaphatikizapo unnaturally elongated thupi kufanana. Posakhalitsa, mchikakamizo cha kauntala-Reformation manyazi anavutitsidwanso anadzudzula wa mpingo. Koma ndi chiyambi cha Mannerism XVI m'ma kachiwiri anagwetsa mwachibadwa lapansi. Nthawiyi anabereka ambuye wamkulu monga Caravaggio, Rembrandt ndi Rubens, zikusonyeza thupi mu uthunthu wake, chimene amatanthauza. Iwo ankaimira osati kukongola, komanso kuipa. Maliseche mu kupenta aluso amenewa amakhala ndi maganizo kwambiri.

Panali nthawi classicism (XVIII m'ma) kutha kafukufuku maganizo. nthawi Ichi chinali kubwerera ku mwambo chakale ndi abwino ake mosamala kukongola. Koma yaitali iyi unatha, m'pamenenso wangokhala mwambo uwu, ndi pakati pa classicism XIX m'ma mutated ndi wouma maphunziro kalembedwe khalidwe la kupenta boma la nthawi.

The Zionetsero analengeza ndi Impressionists - "Kadzutsa pa Grass" ndi "Olympia," Manet, akuitana milandu anali chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano. kupenta maliseche potsiriza Chotsani psevdomorali achinyengo ndipo anapeza ufulu weniweni.

modernity

Mu XX m'ma, nyengo ufulu. Aliyense wojambula chapeza lamanja kumasulira thupi m'njira yakeyake, amene anapereka chifukwa chachikulu. "Les Demoiselles d'Avignoni" ndi Picasso ndi Matisse natyurmortopodobnye atsikana mahule Georges Rouault - malobvu pankhope ya luso chikhalidwe amene anabereka luso m'ma latsopano.

Ambiri ndinaganizira kuphweka, ena - obespredmechivaniya. Wamaliseche ku Painting Modern - nkhani ya ufulu kumasulira luso, chifukwa cha amene akukhala wonse osiyanasiyana m'madera ku abstraction kuti hyperrealism.