The wamkulu choimbira, ndi kapena Kodi zurna

Zurna - chida choimbira ndi mbiri wolemera. mawu amenewa amapezeka m'zinenero zambiri: Azerbaijani, Chiameniya, Chikudishi ndipo ngakhale Persian. Iwo anamasuliridwa kwenikweni monga "chitoliro chikondwerero." chida ichi sizachilendo kuti ku Asia Minor, ku Middle ndi Near East, Central Asia, India ndi Caucasus. Zida zokhudzana zurna, alipo pafupifupi maiko onse a dziko lapansi, kuyambira China ndi Japan, kutsiriza ndi Balkans.

ndi zurna Kodi

Ndi chubu dzenje zopangidwa ndi munthu nyuzi mwachilungamo lonse ndi mabowo ochepa (kawirikawiri 8-9). Mmodzi wa mabowo pa mbali kumbuyo, ngati wolemba wina.

Zurna Chiameniya si wosiyana ku Indian. Izi ndi zida chidwi kwambiri nyimbo zambiri zimasintha m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, iwo atengere nyimbo ya anthu, koma mu nkhani ya zurna.

osiyanasiyana

Koma kumamatira pa zurna awiri ofanana kwambiri ndodo amakono ndi kwa oboe, amene amapangitsa iwo zida ofanana, komanso zikusonyeza kuti kuloŵedwa m'malo mwa zurna oboe anayamba. Komanso, ali mawu yowala ndi shrill kuti inunso limanenera mu mzere ndi zida monga zhaleyka ndi English nyanga.

Zurna - chida choimbira ndi osiyanasiyana chimodzi ndi theka octaves, ndi, Chofunika, mu lonse diatonic ndi chromatic. N'kulemba pansi, sipangakhalenso ankasewera pa zurna ndi - ndi B-lathyathyathya zazing'ono octave, ndipo ankaona pamwamba pa octave lachitatu Komabe, n'zotheka zokulitsa osiyanasiyana a mitundu angapo. Pamafunika luso ndi zolemba satha zachibadwa za asangalatsi amatchedwa "CEFIR seslyar".

Za mtengo

Ngati mudzapempha chimene ndi zurna, mabwana music, iwo adzanena kuti mtengo mphepo nyimbo chida. Choncho, n'kofunika kwambiri - ndi matabwa. Monga ulamuliro, zurna zopangidwa mabulosi, otuwira kapena apurikoti. Pa chapamwamba mapeto (kumene nzimbe ndi wotetezedwa) chubu ndi awiri a 20 mm, ndi zambiri zikuchepa pansi kwa 60-65 mm. The okwana kutalika zambiri ranges ku masentimita 30 ndi 32. Palinso gawo kwambiri kapangidwe - "Masha". wamanja imeneyi, yomwe Nthawi zambiri matabwa omwewo (koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito msondodzi zakutchire), ndi anaikapo mu kutha chapamwamba chida chimene chimathandiza kusintha mbale. Kamwa anapangidwa wa bango, ndi kutalika kwa millimeters asanu ndi khumi, amene ali pafupifupi kawiri wamfupi kusiyana ndi la oboe ano.

nkhani

Kodi zurna, akhoza adzaweruzidwa ndi zofukulidwa zinthu zakale zimene zinapezedwa. Malinga ndi iwo, wakhalapo kwa zaka zikwi zitatu zapitazo, izi masiku ndi zaka kuchokera anapeza dera la Mingechevir zamakono - mzinda chachinayi waukulu kwambiri Azerbaijan. Akatswiriwa makope anayi zurna anapezeka, koma panali mtengo ndiponso chuma antler. Balaban - yemweyo zinthu zokhudzana zida apezeka.

Woimba akusewera zurna, wotchedwa zurnachi. "Pakamwa" - ndi zurnachi kusewera nyimbo mu gulu loyimba lapansi. Childs, gulu ndizo oimba atatu, ndi zurnachi chachiwiri masewero yosatha, zolemba chachikulu mogwirizana chimene chimagwirizanitsa nyimbo Scotland ndi ku Ireland, kumene drone wa bagpipes limodzi nyimbo mosalekeza popanda kusintha mphamvu zikumveka analenga poyambira. The woimba wachitatu mu gulu loyimba - ndi drummer, Analenga zovuta, kayimbidwe kotani zosamvetsetseka. Mu ensembles ngati fuko ntchito chachikale chinkawavuta percussion zida, monga mwaye kapena dhol, zomwe lalikulu kapena sing'anga-kakulidwe ng'oma. Drummer akhoza kumenya kunja mungoli ndi dzanja limodzi kapena ntchito Wand.

mitundu

Funso zimene zurna, simungakhoze kuchita popanda nkhani ya mitundu yake. Monga ulamuliro, kusiyana mitundu ang'ono ndi chiyani kwa anthu kulunjika kwa phokoso. Imadziwika gara zurna, zurna jura, zurna Shehab ndi ena.

Zurna kawirikawiri ntchito masewera panja, chifukwa kamvekedwe ake okwera ndi undemanding mwa kulemekeza nyengo. Zurnachi payekha kapena gulu loyimba ndi anaimba nyimbo rhythmic, kuvina kudya, koma mu chipinda adalipo zurna duduk kapena Balaban - zokhudzana bango woodwinds, koma ndi lililonse limatisokoneza, velvety ndi osonyeza phokoso. Iwo osiyana ku zurna kuti: mulibe belu lonse, nkhuni zambiri capricious, monga nzimbe ndi okulira kwambiri. Komabe, zipangizo zonse okhudzana ndi ofanana njira kusewera, kotero skilful zurnachi sikovuta kuti adziwe zida angapo. Mu 2005, Chiameniya duduk nyimbo wakhala m'gulu mndandanda wa UNESCO monga mwaluso za chosaoneka ndi maso cholowa chikhalidwe.

Tsopano zurna ntchito kuphedwa kwa nthano monga mugham - mmodzi wa Mitundu ya chikhalidwe Chiazebajani music, komanso pa nthawi ya zikondwerero panja, pamene chofunika motsatirana kuti nyimbo kuvina, monga Jangi. Chonchi zitsanzo wowerengeka nyimbo zurna kawirikawiri soloist loimba kapena gulu loyimba.