The Red Book m'dera Tver: kapangidwe ndi udindo wa mitundu

Pali kwambiri zomera ndi nyama dera Tver, amene anthu mofulumira zimachepa. Izi n'kukumana ndi kutha kwa mitundu ina ya nyama ndi zomera. The Book Red wa Tver Region unayambitsidwa kuteteza akuti mitundu ya. Ndi mndandanda wa zomera kawirikawiri ndi nyama.

Edition wa Red Book

M'dera Tver pali nthumwi za nyama ndi zomera zimene akufuna ikutha. Mu 1992, lina la Tver Council cha akuluakulu Anthu Regional anaganiza kuti atchule Red Book. Inasindikizidwa mwakamodzi. Akatswiri anafunikira nthawi kuti akatunge mndandanda wa nyama ndi zomera pangozi.

Tinafalitsa Baibulo loyambirira la Red Book wa dera Tver mu 2002. Iwo ankalemba ndi zolondola zokhudza nyama ndi zomera zikutha kapena n'zochepa. mndandanda wonse tichipeza mitundu 269 ya zomera ndi mitundu ya nyama 201. Komanso Dziwani kuti muli Red Book of Tver Region zithunzi Mitundu ina ya nyama ndi zomera.

Kapangidwe ka Red Book

chikalata imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri. Choyamba mwa zinthuzi ndi odzipereka kwa zomera ndi lagawidwa m'magawo atatu:

• zomera apamwamba (zikuphatikizapo magulu asanu - angiosperm, Horsetail, lycopsids, Mumapezekanso, bryophytes);
• lichens;
• bowa.

The gawo lachiwiri la Red Data Buku la Tver Region laperekedwa kwa zinthu za mdziko nyama. Mukhoza kuona Ndime zotsatirazi:

• nyama;
• nkhuku;
• zokwawa komanso achule;
• cyclostomes ndi nsomba;
• invertebrates.

Pa masamba a Red Book wa mtundu uliwonse limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane. Woyamba limasonyeza udindo umene zimadalira m'chipani cha makamaka chomera kapena chinyama, ndipo kuchuluka kwake. The Red Book wa dera Tver mulinso mfundo ndi kukula ndiponso zochita za kusintha ake, miyeso chitetezo atengedwa.

mwina zinatha

Ena mitundu mu Red Data Buku la udindo wa numeral "0". ameneŵa amaimira mwina mbisoweka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti konkire zomera ndi peresenti nyama zopezeka m'dera Tver ali zaka zosachepera 50, ndipo invertebrates - zaka 100. Complete mofulumira asayansi sangathe kutsimikizira. Mwina kwinakwake mu dera Tver, mitundu izi zimasungika.

Wina, zikuoneka zinatha zomera ndi macheka-liziwawa. Izi ndi therere osatha, amene kutalika nthawizina kufika 150 cm. Saw-liziwawa pamaso anakumana mu Zubtsov ndi Rzhevsky m'maboma a m'dera Tver, koma chifukwa odyetserako ndi chitukuko cha miyala ya zachilengedwe izo zaposachedwapa atha kupeza.

pangozi

zithandiza imaonekera mu Red Book of chiwerengero "1". Iwo anasankha mtundu umene chiwerengero cha anthu utachepa kuti mtengo yovuta. nyama zoterezi ndi zomera za dera Tver, kutchulidwa Red Book, akhoza kwathunthu kutha mutamwa zinthu zoipa.

Ocean kwambiri kwa zomera. Mmodzi wa iwo - antrodiella listozubchataya (bowa). M'dera Tver pali nthawi akutali mu Reserve Forest Central. Mwa zinyama, ndi pangozi, tingaone mphiri wamba - sanali njoka. Pali mfundo kuti amakhala kumadzulo, m'madera kum'mwera kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera kwa dera Tver.

Ndi likunena kucheperachepera anthu

chiwerengero "2" ntchito amasonyeza udindo uwu mu Red Book wa dera Tver. Mu gulu ili kugwa ndi zomera ndi nyama, amene manambala akuthamangira ikuchepa. Chifukwa mmene zinthu zoipa, mitundu ina akhoza kutaya dera Tver. Red Book wa nyama ndi zomera zomwe Ali ndi kayimidwe imeneyi, muli mfundo zofunika za miyeso chitetezo.

M'dera Tver chiwerengero yafupika kwambiri mitundu monga epipogium leafless. Ndi therere osatha, amene kutalika ranges ku masentimita 5 mpaka 20. Maluwa The chikasu mu epipogium. Iwo akhoza kuona wofiirira kapena pinki mawanga. Epipogium leafless wapezeka m'dera Tver mu mawonekedwe a magazini osakwatira MAKSATIKhINSKIJj dera, pafupi ndi mudzi wa Alferihi. The kuchepa mofulumira chiwerengero cha mitundu chokhudzana ndi khalidwe la ntchito zachuma anthu kudula mitengo.

pang'ono

zithandiza akusonyeza nambala "3". Zomera ndi nyama ya Red Book wa dera Tver, lomwe limafotokoza za gulu ndi nambala yaing'ono. maganizo kuchokera udindo zimenezi nambala zazikulu, koma kukhala malo ena a dera Tver. Ena nyama ndi zomera awa akuimira toyesa osakwatiwa, koma iwo anafalikira m'madera ambiri.

Mitundu osowa dera Tver amatanthauza sadzu - mbalame yaing'ono yowala mitundu pileated ndi yaitali yopapatiza mulomo. Anaona kuti mu Kalinin ndi Rameshkovsky District. Komanso sadzu kawirikawiri anawona mu Firovsky, Rzhev, Andreapolsky District. Mwangozi chiwonongeko cha zisa - chimodzi mwa zinthu chifukwa chimene mbalame sikawirikawiri anapezeka m'chigawo Tver.

Chosadziwika kwa udindo wa

gulu ili mu Red Book akapatsidwa chiwerengero "4". Odetsedwa chosadziwika ndi anthu a nyama ndi zomera, amene alibe mfundo zokwanira. Komanso mu gulu ndi monga nyama ndi zomera amene sagwirizana kwathunthu ndi magulu ena.

Alisma Wallenberg - mtundu umene uli ndi Red Book wa dera Tver. Chimakula pansi madzi, pa mchenga kapena matope dnah. mbewu zopezeka mu chigawo Ostashkov m'dera Tver. Kutha kwa mitundu kugwirizana ndi kuipitsa ndi turbidity.

Kuti njakata pa udindo wa maganizo wamba monga mlamba - yaikulu madzi oyera nsomba bescheshuychatuyu. malo ake mu dera Tver ndi Madamu ndi nyanja Zapadnodvinskogo, ndi Volga beseni. Information pa chiwerengero cha mtundu wa Red Book wa dera Tver lilibe. Kodi kudziwika ndi asodzi kawirikawiri limagwira mlamba.

Mavu French - view wina ku za m'mbali. tizilombo makamaka kufalitsidwa ku chapakati ndi kum'mwera kwa Ulaya. Mu lina la Tver dera mavu zinachitika mu zigawo kumadzulo. chiwerengero zachepa kwambiri. zinthu zoipa zokhudza kuchepa kwa mitundu, sanapezeke.

Anachira ndipo atachira

Mitundu yambiri ndi udindo wa "5" uli ndi Red Book wa dera Tver. Zomera ndi nyama zina mwa gulu ili ndi kuchepetsedwa chiwerengero chawo chifukwa cha zinthu zachilengedwe kapena chifukwa cha miyeso chitetezo atengedwa. Mwachitsanzo, tawny kuleza tailed. mbalame zimenezi imodzi ya banja la akadzidzi ndi mitundu osowa, lomwe likupezeka makamaka chakum'mawa kwa dera Tver. chiwerengero cha anthu utachepa chifukwa chodula mitengo, chiwonongeko mwachindunji ndi chisokonezo pa kuswana nyengo. Panopa chiwerengero pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuwonjezeka.

Mukhoza kuona ranatra linearis. Mtundu wa nsikidzi madzi anapeza kum'mwera kwa chigawo Kalinin. The kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha tizilombo kugwirizana ndi kuipitsa madzi. Pofuna kupewa ranatra miyeso ndodo-chiwonongeko kutetezera kuipitsidwa madzi Atengedwa. Tsopano chiwerengero cha mitundu kumawonjezera pang'onopang'ono.

Pomaliza, tiyenera kudziwa kuti Red Data Buku la Tver Region linasindikizidwa kalekale. Kope chachiwiri chinalinso kuti chikalata palibe pasanafike zaka 10 pambuyo kumasulidwa choyamba. Komabe, izi sizinachitike.