The mawerengedwe yeniyeni ya maziko slab makulidwe

Mzere maziko - ndi analimbitsa simenti maziko pansi dongosolo lililonse. Iye anatsanulira pa wozungulira zofunika ndiponso tikhoza kupeza wina kuti magulu angapo, omwe chidzamasulidwa zimakhudza makoma. Koma n'zotheka kuti munthu mmodzi yekha wozungulira lapansi. Chotero maziko umaonetsera yunifolomu kufalitsa kulemera ndithu pa dongosolo pansi padziko. Ayenera kukhala mawerengedwe a maziko slab makulidwe monga mbale woonda kwambiri sangaime kulemera kwa nyumba.

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya maziko

Mzere maziko, malingana ndi Bookmark applicable zinthu zake ndi mitundu itatu:

• mwala, womwenso ndi subtypes monga njerwa, miyala ndi polubutovoy;
• analimbitsa simenti, agawidwa mu kukhota mu mololitny ndi msonkhano;
• nkhuni.

The mawerengedwe a mtundu uliwonse maziko slab makulidwe wapangidwa payekha ndi aligorivimu ake sangathe ntchito milandu onse chimodzimodzi.

The subtypes waukulu maziko

Pali zotsatirazi boma mitundu ya maziko.

1. Simenti ndi dothi. Anaikira nyumba opepuka, kawirikawiri bwinja. Abwino gazebos ang'ono ndi tinyumba ta yosungirako. unsembe wake n'chotheka pa pamwamba olimba ndi mlingo.
2. Sandy. Amagwiritsidwanso anaikira nyumba ndi kulemera otsika. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutchinjiriza limatifotokozera ndi zazing'ono zing'onozing'ono. Kwa nyumba sangathe ntchito.
3. Osokonezeka. Njerwa tepi ndi makhalidwe kapena chomenyedwa konkire m'munsi - ndi mtundu wa maziko. Mbaula, ndi mawerengedwe amene makulidwe adzauka kutsimikizidwa ndendende, kuposa cholimba. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa maziko yomanga nyumba zing'onozing'ono ndi nyumba chilimwe.
4. Njerwa. Yoika ngati maziko ikuchitika okha pa nthaka olimba ndi youma. Owonjezera chinyezi kungayambitse kuwonongedwa kwa zapansi ndi njerwa komanso kusokoneza kukhulupirika kwa yomanga. Mtundu wa maziko ntchito dongo ironstone. Kawirikawiri ndi wofiira.
5. Wophwanyika. Abwino ogwiritsa pa dothi chikhamu. Kawirikawiri yaikidwa pa akuya osaya. Wosweka mwala ndi lochokera kwa zachilengedwe ndi mphamvu kwambiri.
6. Chomenyedwa konkire. Unsembe wa mtundu uwu amapangidwa ndi kuyala maziko mwala awiri ang'onoang'ono, amene ndiye wodzazidwa ndi simenti konkire. Asanayambe unsembe, muyenera kukhala ndi formwork. Chomenyedwa konkire maziko ndi ofanana ndi mtundu monolithic. Kusiyana komwe kulipo ndi ntchito akaphatikiza coarse, miyala mwachitsanzo.
7. Monolithic. Unsembe ikuchitika pamaso pa amatha kuumba. Pa malo lamanja la mavavu anaika, kenako concreted ndi njira yapadera. Likukhalira ndithu maziko olimba. Monolithic mbale, kuwerengetsa kakakulu ndi kuya amene ali tiganizira zofunika pamene akuponya mtundu wa chithandizo ndi wolimba ngati mwachita bwino.
8. Zoduliratu analimbitsa simenti. Similar pa chipangizo ndi maziko monolithic. Kusiyana kokha kwagona maziko wapangidwa konkire analimbitsa zoduliratu ku fakitale, ndiye basi zimagulitsidwa ku malowo. Mtundu wa maziko, nayenso lagawidwa subtypes awiri: midadada, mapilo kuti zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo pa mlingo choyamba cha chapansi, ndi FBS midadada, amene anaika pamwamba pa pilo midadada mizere iwiri kapena itatu.

ntchito makamaka kwa precast maziko konkire

Ntchito yomanga ndi simenti precast chapansi n'chotheka ntchito yomanga Crane, monga midadada FBD zotchinga ndi mapilo ndi kulemedwa kwambiri ndi anthu wamba ngakhale kunyamula iwo. Childs ntchito yomanga nyumba yaikulu, ndi kulemera kwambiri ndipo umakhala ndi maziko olimba. Mbaula, kuwerengetsa kakakulu chimene chimafuna molondola kwambiri, izo ziyenera kukhala zokha zakuthupi apamwamba.

Anayi maziko kumanga

Onse subtypes ya maziko anawagawa mitundu ikuluikulu anayi, amene amasiyana zinalengedwera ndi zipangizo ntchito.

1. Mulu. The view chilengedwe dongosolo, koma zovuta kukhazikitsa. Izo ntchito pa nthaka zosiyanasiyana, komanso mkulu masiyanidwe okwera kumene sikutheka ntchito maziko a nyumba zina.
2. Columnar. Dontho ili kukafika kutsogolo kwa katundu mwankhanza makoma. ntchito yake bwino kokha kwa nthaka gawo khola, lomwe kusiyana pazipita digiri 5.
3. MDF kapena olimba. Ndi mbale, ntchito ya ndilo kumwazikana unyinji waukulu wa dongosolo kuti maziko. Monolithic mbale, ndi mawerengedwe amene makulidwe ayenera kukhala enieni kwambiri, Mzimuyo waukulu katundu akatundu, ndicho, kumaonjezera kuthamanga pa madera amphamvu pochotsa kulemera kwa ofooka.
4. Monolithic. Iwo ali mawonekedwe a matepi olimba kukhuta. Ndi akuya yatsoka akufufuta melkozaglublenny ndi recessed, malingana ndi msinkhu wa yozizira koopsa ambiri dothi ndi nthaka m'dera masiyanidwe.

Mawerengedwe a makulidwe a maziko pansi m'nyumba

Mawerengedwe a maziko slab makulidwe pansi nyumba ikhale pa maziko a deta pa yozizira koopsa kwa nthaka pa malo. Simuyenera kumvera malangizo a okondedwa makamaka anansi, kuti kotero anapatsa maziko ndi nyumba ndi zambiri zofunika. Kuti palibe wabwino izo sizidzatero. Ngakhale malo angayandikire kwambiri nthaka pa aliyense wa iwo adzakhala osiyana. Kodi munaganizapo kuti n'chifukwa chiyani oyandikana mbatata yaing'ono, ndipo inu lalikulu, ngakhale madzi ndi manyowa njira yomweyo? Zimenezi ndi umboni yosavuta pamaso pa nthaka osiyana pa malo ozungulira.

mawerengedwe chilinganizo

Mawerengedwe a maziko slab makulidwe malingana ndi katundu adatengedwa ndi chilinganizo zotsatirazi: S> γn · F / (γc · R0), kumene γc - mtengo zofunika kantchito; γn - zambiri ikufanana 1.2 - mtengo kudalirika; F - zolemera okwana m'munsi, ndi wandende mwa kuchuluka kwa kulemera nyumba, chapansi ndi katundu wina; R0 - nthaka kukana pansi kukafika kutsogolo kwa maziko; S - maziko wozungulira malo, amangoona amayezedwa masentimita lalikulu. M'pofunika kukumbukira kuti ntchito yomanga nyumba ngakhale kakang'ono kwambiri ndipo kuwala n'kofunika kuwerengera makulidwe a maziko slab.

Nsonga kukonzekera malo

Pali zingapo nsonga zofunika pokonzekera kuika maziko. Ngati iwo amachita, thandizo nyumba adzakhala nthawi yaitali ndipo popanda kukhazikitsanso lalikulu.

1. Choyamba, muyenera tichotse pamwamba wosanjikiza wa topsoil pamaso unsembe. Ndi inu mufika kuchulutsa pansi yomanga nyumba ndi kuchotsa otsetsereka ambiri alili, ngati pali wina.
2. Kachiwiri, kufunika kuonetsetsa yosalala dongosolo ngalande. Childs, gawo ili la kukafika kutsogolo kwa anakumba ngalande akuya za 50-70 masentimita. Chotero muyeso chingamulepheretse stagnation wa madzi ndi kulephera Choncho msanga kwa maziko kwa chinyezi.
3. Kachitatu, pa malo athyathyathya amapanga unsembe wa yomanga. Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti mtundu uliwonse wa maziko yakwera wandiweyani bedi mchenga.
4. Komanso kubala Ziwerengero molondola maziko slab makulidwe. Izi adzakupulumutsa kukhala kugula zipangizo owonjezera ndi ndalama ndalama.

Pomaliza

Kusankha ndi mtundu yoyenera maziko kudzadalira pa mtundu nthaka ndi otsetsereka ake. Ntchito Mwachitsanzo, mtundu monolithic pa marshland chinthu chopusa, kuyambira maziko prosest kwambiri ndi chabe kusokonekera kwa madzi. Mawerengedwe a maziko slab makulidwe, mwina tinganene kuti imodzi ya mphindi zofunika kwambiri yomanga ake. The chachiwiri poipa kwambiri ntchito apamwamba khamu la zipangizo yomanga. Iwo bwino kusunga.