The immunoglobulin G, ndichiyani kwa munthu?

Chothetsera matenda m'thupi la munthu limafanana ndi zinthu zingapo. Amodzi mwa malo ofunika kwambiri ndondomeko izi ndi za immunoglobulin, kapena kukhala enieni kwambiri, ndi immunoglobulin mitundu G. ena immunoglobulins, Ig G anali wokhoza kuteteza thupi la mwana wakhanda matenda, monga amatha kudutsa ndi magazi a mayi kupyolera latuluka, nalowa kwa mwana m'magazi.

Molekyulu tichipeza Ig G kagawo kakang'ono, miyeso yawo ndi pafupifupi 150 kD. Anthu ndi mbewa, anafotokoza subclasses anayi, amene immunoglobulin G. Iwo anali woyamba anatulukira mwa njira serological. dera Immunoglobulin hinge yodziwika ndi ambiri zatsalira cysteine ndi proline molekyulu, amene amasankha kusinthasintha ake. nsinga Disulfide mu gawo ili la molekyulu ndi asemphana awo, zochokera subclass globulin. Choncho, Popanga madzi a gamma 1 ndi Popanga madzi a gamma globulins 4 ndi maunyolo awiri disulfide, Popanga madzi a gamma 2 - anayi Popanga madzi a gamma 3 - khumi. The Popanga madzi a gamma 1 unyolo hinge dera zimachokera chabe ku zotsalira 216-TH komanso limatha ndi 231-m. A dera hinge Popanga madzi a gamma unyolo 3 ili makumi zatsalira zisanu ndi ziwiri pasanafike 1. Popanga madzi a gamma Phunziro anapatsidwa ndondomeko asidi kwa amino limachititsa kuganiza kuti kuwonjezeka kotereku zatsalira kugwirizana ndi madera awiri mwendo 216-231 Popanga madzi a gamma 1 unyolo. Dera hinge ali ndi chikhalidwe zofunika: ankachita kudutsa maunyolo awiri katundu kumachitika ndi okhwima ozungulira octapeptide nyumba, amene akutumikira monga olamulira kasinthasintha kwa lonse kusintha dera hinge, motero kuti Fab-zidutswa ofunika kucheza ndi kuchuluka kwa antigens.

Chiphunzitso Ig G zidzachitika ayankhe m'thupi pulayimale ndi sekondale, monga mtundu wa oteteza zedi bwino kudutsa mu minofu, izo chimango ndi kenako chotsani antigens yachilendo.

Chitetezo antibacterial mu thupi Yankho ndendende immunoglobulin G. Patsogolo mtundu wa globulin akhale pa nthawi imene chitetezo cha m'thupi kale amakhudzana ndi antigens yachilendo nayamba yogwira kupanga wake wa chitetezo. Choncho, anaona kuchuluka kwa immunoglobulins nthawi akhoza kuyamba matenda yake ndi mankhwala a matenda amene amayambitsa zosiyanasiyana mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tina.

Ntchito yaikulu ya mtundu uwu immunoglobulin ndi chitetezo cha m'thupi la munthu chifukwa choopa yachilendo angathe kuchititsa matenda opatsirana. Immunoglobulin G monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumenyana ndi okha ndi katundu wa kagayidwe kachakudya awo ndi opsonization, kachitidwe phagocytosis Launch ndi kuthekera.

Immunoglobulin G ndi thymus amadalira, amene apanga mu thymus (thymus), ndi nkhani mwachindunji T-lymphocytes. Mtundu globulin ndi chigawo chachikulu ndi globulin nusu ya magazi ndi pafupifupi 80% ya mitundu yonse ya immunoglobulins. Choncho, phwando immunosuppressants zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuwaika mu udindo osati kupondereza kaphatikizidwe Ig G, komanso kubisa kwathunthu.

The immunoglobulin G, umene uli ponseponse mu thupi imasiyana malingana m'badwo kwa zaka 15 ukufika mlingo chikutha ndi magalamu 8-17 pa lita imodzi ya magazi. Mu nkhani iyi, immunoglobulins amatha kukhala osati m'magazi ndipo zimafala thupi lonse pamodzi ndi magazi, iwo akhoza mosavuta kudutsa mu danga extravascular, kuyambira akuchita ntchito zake zonse ambiri. Immunoglobulin G imatulutsa anagawira onse m'magazi ndipo zimakhala ena mwa thupi, potero atetezedwe wa chamoyo ndi matenda.