The diso, zochititsa anatomical ndi zinchito.

The diso kapena diso (diso), limaimira mabodza mkati pambuyo choroid diso. wapadera ake kwambiri kwagona kuti pali atatu zotumphukira minyewa, amene zinthu zonse zithunzi adazindikira mwa diso amapita ku ubongo zomwe amalandira chithandizo chomaliza ndipo kusinthika mu zithunzi losaiwalika zithunzi. Chifukwa diso wonse wa limba pamaso akhoza ukugwira ndi zovuta kwambiri kusiyanitsidwa nyumba intracerebral.

The diso ndi zovuta ndi zachilendo dongosolo. Ilinso ndi dongosolo kopitilira muyeso-woonda, koma histologically zikadali kusiyanitsa zigawo khumi mu dongosolo lawo. The oyamba, amene m'mphepete ndi maso pafupifupi chipolopolo anapereka pigment epithelium. Lili ambiri melanocytes yotulutsa melanin. Potsatira pigment wosanjikiza ndi svetovosprinimayuschaya gawo la mwana wa m'diso la. Izi ndi minyewa choyamba. Iye ankayimiridwa ndi maselowa yeniyeni. Aliyense ali ndi ntchito yeniyeni. Choncho, timitengo ndi udindo mapangidwe madzulo, ndi botolo la phirilo - kwa mtundu maganizo ndi kumva. Kuti zidzachitika iliyonse chachiwiri kuwala anachita. Wachiwiri ndi wachitatu zigawo za manyuroni anakonza maselo ochititsa kuti ndi ganglion, motero. Ku mbali anatomical wa nembanemba retinal tisaiwale ndi ziyerekezo mwa iye mtsempha chamawonedwe ndi macula. M'dera la chamawonedwe mitsempha chimbale ndi otchedwa "akhungu banga". Ndi mwamtheradi indeferentno kuti kukondoweza monsemo, ngati palibe maselo photoreceptor. A bwinobwino wa diso anthu amapereka fossa chapakati (macular dera), imene osalimba a cones chabe ipitirirabe pa. Macula anatomists otchedwa "dzenje", chifukwa malo amenewa otsutsvuyut zigawo zinayi kwa diso.

The diso mu lathanzi diso liyenera kugwirizana snugly kwa choroid vutoli, wosanjikiza ake yakumapeto kwenikweni, polumikizirana, amatchedwa mbale kunyezimira kapena Kakhungu Bruch a. Pa nthawi imene chikhalidwe ichi anagwiriridwa, diso posapita nthawi, mwina zokha kapena mutamwa zinthu zina kunja ndi mkati, izo zikhoza kuchitika abruption. Izi zili kowopsya zadzidzidzi ndi chiwalo cha masomphenya, chimene chingativulaze kotheratu kumana munthu amatha kuona. Lililonse limatisokoneza, koma mochepa zoopsa chikhalidwe imatengedwa kuti retinal kuichotsa pamaso pake. Zimachitika pa nsonga ya wamkulu kupatulira. Odwala ena osati zindikirani misozi, chifukwa ang'ono ndipo akhoza ili kutali malo, ndilo udindo zithunzi bwino ndi lakuthwa zinthu pa diso. The fractures ambiri kumachitika pamene wodwala mu mbiri pochiza matenda a maso pali alibe wa diso. Mwachitsanzo, mu madigiri mkulu wa myopia, kapena monga amatchedwa anthu, myopia, setchaka mtima chifukwa chachikulu cha mwana wa m'diso la kwambiri anatambasula, amakhala Chimaona ndi woonda kwambiri. Chonchi kutanganidwa kotunga magazi kwa diso, ndi zakudya. Choncho, asatengere kuchokera kunja (kuwomba kwa mutu thupi kwambiri, amene kumawonjezera zoipazi, analimbitsa kugwedeza) kungachititse kuti utaphulika ndi zina detachment kwa diso. Chithandizo ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga, ngati pali mwayi kuti abwezeretse magwiridwe kwa diso. Mu nkhani ya wodwala detachment amafuna bedi zina ndi mtendere. A detachment ka mwatsopano akhoza mosadalira kupita ku malo awo oyambirira. Pa nthawi imene palibe chiyembekezo kudziletsa machiritso, chithandizo opaleshoni chofunika - wosindikiza scleral kapena vitreous opaleshoni. The diso, imene yopuma kwachitika ungakonzedwe laser coagulation kusiyana gawo.