The anomaly chitukuko nthambi: zoyenera kuchita ngati mwana zala zisanu ndi chimodzi manja ake kapena mapazi

Kodi inu munayamba mwamvapo za anthu ndi zala "owonjezera"? Ndipo mwina waona iwo? Zolemba pa ana ndi akulu amene ali ndi zala zisanu ndi chimodzi kapena zala zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Internet muli zithunzi-thunzi za anthu ndi miyendo zachilendo, ndipo anthu wamba timakonda kunena mbali kuti deformities kufufuza kapena matenda. Ndi oopsa kubadwa chilema, akhoza kumva pakuchita zimayambitsa zala zina.

Polydactyly - wotchedwa kobadwa nako chosayenerera chilengedwe anatomical umene umapereka monga zala owonjezera pa mapazi kapena manja. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti mwa ana zikwi zisanu ali ndi kupatuka chiwerengero cha zala, osati nthawi zonse chilema uyu amaoneka symmetrically.

mitundu ya polydactyly

kusintha kobadwa nako pa anapatsidwa kuvutika kakulidwe kumachitika m'njira zingapo:

1. Ngati kugawanika embryonic nyumba phalanges zinachitika mu magawo oyambirira a chitukuko, anapanga chachikulu ntchito bwinobwino owonjezera chala.
2. Zikamera njira achikalekale chimanga chosakhwima ndi m'mphepete mkati kapena kunja kwa manja ndi mapazi.
3. Unagawanika msomali phalanx kapena maonekedwe a mphukira pa zala limanenanso chodabwitsa polydactyly.

Nkhani pamene munthu amadziwa ntchito zala zisanu ndi chimodzi pa dzanja (chithunzi m'munsimu) - m'chipani. Mu India, ana awa amabadwa zambiri kuposa m'madera ena, kotero Mbali imeneyi pali item osiyana mu mafunso apolisi. Monga ulamuliro, Kumvetsela phalanx n'zosatheka njira iliyonse ntchito, ndipo ngakhale kulamulira, ndipo anthu ndi zala zisanu ndi chimodzi pa dzanja kukumana opaleshoni.

zifukwa polydactyl

Zotsatira Teratogenic mankhwala pa mwana wosabadwayo (kutenga mankhwala ena pakati), zikhoza kuphwanya dongosolo la Chigawo selo ndi mapangidwe zimakhala ndi ziwalo. Pankhani ya kobadwa nako polydactyly kanthu za poizoni ongoyendayenda zoyamba za phalanges chala.

Factor cha chibadwa, malinga ndi madokotala, ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha zala zina. Nthawi zambiri n'zotheka mme- cholowa cha chilema mu pedigree banja ndi maonekedwe ake mu m'badwo kapena mibadwo ingapo mu mzere pa mzere. Chibadwa amene amayambitsa polydactyly, lalikulu, chotero kuwonetseredwa pamaso pawo mu genotype lapansi. Koma izo zimachitika kuti chifukwa chosakwanira penetrance chilema Zatsala chobisika.

Wakutali polydactyly kubala zina kumuopseza thupi, koma polydactyl zambiri kumaonekera zovuta kuvutika majini kapena chromosomal. Asayansi kudziwa 120 syndromes, chizindikiro chimene chiri zala zisanu ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo (Patau syndrome, Lawrence, Meckel).

Polydactyly matenda mu akhanda

Nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa kufufuza dokotala kapena neonatologist. Choncho pamene mwana wabadwa ndi zala zisanu ndi chimodzi pa dzanja lanu kapena mwendo, matenda yomweyo.

Kudziwa mankhwala dokotala mukufuna kukhazikitsa:

1. Kupereka zala zina, zimenezi preaxial (pakati pa chala mphete ndi chala chaching'ono) kapena postaksialnym - kwa chala chaching'ono.
2. Chikhalidwe cha kudwala lapansi. Pamene cholowa polydactyly ndi chala owonjezera ukusunthira kutali wachisanu metacarpal fupa ndipo anayamba bwino. Ngati kulankhula za vuto lobadwa, chala adzakhala ophedwa pochotsa mimba, monga mmodzi / phalanxes angapo protrusions khungu.
3. Kupezeka kwa kusintha mu thunthu la metacarpal kapena metatarsal, amene akhoza kusonyeza mu mawonekedwe a deformities zina fupa la mafupa, Mitsemphayi ndi tendons.
4. Kodi polydactyly palokha kapena chosayenerera unaonekera mbali ya matendawa. Kuti tichite zimenezi, zizindikiro zina ayesedwa ndipo apatsidwa mayesero zina.

Pambuyo njira imeneyi chithandizo amasankhidwa. Ndi kuchotsa opaleshoni ya zala superfluous mwana yemwe kubadwa ali zala zisanu ndi chimodzi manja ake kapena opunduka miyendo, akhoza bwinobwino popanda kumverera maganizo ndi thupi siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo. adokotala kudziwa pa zaka pyadidi kugwira kuchotsa, komanso ngati opaleshoni pulasitiki zidzafunika kubwezeretsa maonekedwe zokongoletsa ya nthambi.

Kukonzekera opaleshoni

Features Genesis polydactyly bwanji kuchuluka kwa opaleshoni. Mwachitsanzo, khungu makutu kuti kotunga magazi capillaries ndi chosavuta kuchotsa. Ndipo ngati zala zisanu ndi chimodzi limodzi ndi lolingana kusintha pastern, izo zikanadzachitika ntchito kuposa wina. Ndipo milandu magwiridwe yonse ya zala "owonjezera" mwina anaganiza kusiya zinthu monga ali.

Posankha njira mankhwala opaleshoni ya polydactyly, madokotala maphunziro a zingapo:

• X-ray chiwalo;
• kuphunzira kotunga magazi zala owonjezera.

Pali milandu pamene chotengera lalikulu wakudya awiri basi pang'ono anapambulwa zala. Ndiye kuchotsa popanda Mbali imeneyi kungachititse kuti matenda wotsatira magazi.

Pamene maphunziro onse zikadzachitika, opaleshoni imagwiridwa. Nthawi yoyamba mankhwala achire, koma Zikatero n'zochepa. Childs, dokotala amalamula pochiza polydactyly ali aang'ono, ambiri a ntchito ndi anachita m'mwezi woyamba wa moyo.

Kuzengereza yekha complicates zinthu, chifukwa mafupa ndi minofu ozungulira ana akukulira mofulumira, akukumana ndi katundu wina. The kale unapangidwa pulasitiki, anthu deformations ochepa sekondale kulimbana.

Ndipo bwanji ngati iwe kusiya ...

zala owonjezera pa mapazi bwino kuchotsa onse chomwecho. A katundu lalikulu pa phazi poyenda, pamodzi polydactyly amachititsa mapindikidwe zina za miyendo, ululu ndi mavuto ndi kusankha nsapato.

M'manja mwa chomwecho, makamaka ngati zala zanga zonse bwino olemera ndi dzanja symmetrical, mbali iyi si wakwiya kwambiri. Kuli kofunika kuyitanitsa magolovesi telala ndi kugwira kuyang'anitsitsa chidwi.