Thalakitala MAZ-7904: ofotokoza ndi specifications

Mbiri ya pafupifupi ogwira amasonyeza kuti si prototypes onse zoyembekezeka kukhala muyezo Mbali.

mathirakitala matayala ndi chida onyamula, inakhazikitsa mu 1983 pa fakitale Minsk, wakhala anamusilira chifukwa kulemera ndi kukula kwa mphamvu. Komabe magawo chachikulu kuposa imene chida zovuta "Topol" (iyo inasonyeza m'munsi kwa MAZ-7912 ndi 7917 ndi nkhwangwa asanu ndi awiri), umasiyana analogues ake MAZ-7904.

Chimphona lodziwika bwino

chakuti panali awa galimotoyo wapadera mu nyengo ya Soviet, ankadziwa okonza ochepa okha ndi usilikali. Sunset mu ulamuliro wa mabungwe, amene anabwera 80s, ndi chilemba mbiri chifukwa chakuti dera la MAZ KB wapadera kulenga zitsanzo atsopano magalimoto aakulu. apadera wakhala anatsimikizira osati mwa dera la Soviet Union, komanso dziko lonse lapansi.

Pokhapokha kugwa kwa dziko anamasulidwa zambiri mu ulemu wa awa chachikulu makina wapamwamba-chinsinsi. Chotero mochedwa Soviet Zimphona Nkhanizo MAZ-7904 ndi axles asanu. Angagwiritse galimoto uyu anadza pa mathero a 70s lapansi.

Zotsatira za mayiko nkhondo kumanga chimphona

Chiyambi cha 80s zinali zodzaza ndi chakuti mu tilimbane ndi Soviet Union ndi United States mu chimbuzi cha filament wakhala akwaniritsa pa Cold nkhondo. Kale, chimodzimodzi mwamphamvu ubale kuwonetseredwa pakati pa chida mavuto Cuba. mayiko awiri poyera limodzi pa mphamvu ina nyukiliya. February 1980 chifukwa inali nthawi ya dongosolo linanena bungwe la nduna, mutu wa Union of makampani magalimoto. Malinga ndi lamulo ili, Minsk galimoto Bzalani anali kukhala wapadera matayala transporter - MAZ-7904. Luso makhalidwe a apamwamba msinkhu anali kuonetsera chimphona. Komanso, iwo ankayenera kuti limodzi ndi umboni zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito. Kukhoza chida dongosolo "Tselina" katundu wofunikila ngati yoyenda yokha zoyendera Launcher. MAZ-7904 ntchito, "Celina", ndi njira, akhutitsidwa kwathunthu.

Mtsogoleri ntchito

Ntchito galimoto ndi index anapatsidwa analengedwa pansi pa utsogoleri nthawi kuti salinso wamng'ono (zaka 80) B. Shaposhnikov. Analinso woyang'anira ntchito, zimene zinachitika chilengedwe cha woyamba zimphona Soviet migodi MAZ-525 ndi MAZ-530, komanso onse wotsatira asilikali magalimoto MAZ ndi Mipikisano chitsulo chogwira matayala galimotoyo ambiri a maofesi amenewa ndi "Elbrus", "popula" ndi "Apainiya ". Pankhaniyi, imeneyi makamaka Shaposhnikov atakumana ndi vuto palibe zovuta. Ichi ndi chifukwa zoyendera ndi Launch chidebe, ndi Launch roketi ndi zipangizo "Tselina" zovuta ndi kulemera okwana matani 220. Pa chitsanzo chomwecho MAZ-7904 anali kugwa unladen kulemera matani 140. Iwo anali amaganiza kuti kulemera kwa galimotoyo watsopano galimoto ndi mivi adzakhala osiyanasiyana matani 360. MAZ-7904 ntchito anali makina kukhala ndi kulemera zosaneneka ndi miyeso, chitukuko chimene adzasiya khama kwambiri.

kusintha boma

Mu February 1981, Minsk galimoto Bzalani amakonzanso misonkhano yapakati-bungwe ndi:

• mtumiki amachititsa galimoto, magetsi ndi chitetezo makampani;
• Commander ya Strategic chida Mphamvu;
• Wachiwiri silikhali Minister pa zida zankhondo;
• Chief Mlengi zida pansi mayunitsi mivi OKB-1 mbewu "okwatiranawo";
• MIT ndi mlengi mkulu wa roketi zovuta "Virgin Mayiko";
• ena akuluakulu akatswiri ndi owayang'anila.

Kumene, ndi nkhani ya polojekiti zinachitikadi "m'mayiko namwali" ndipo anayamba galimoto galimotoyo lake ndi dzina MAZ 7904. Mmodzi wa magalimoto wamkulu kwambiri mu dziko chifukwa pochimanga, anafuna kuti mu chimango cha msonkhano anali Shaposhnikov:

• amatchula zovuta za ntchito;
• pempho zokulitsa State opanga mu ofesi (pafupifupi 100 anthu);
• kuonetsetsa iwo m'dera zogona.

zingapo zofunika

Zofuna zake zonse zocheza, nthawi yomweyo anachita. Minister V. Polyakov makampani magalimoto wakhala allocated bajeti ya ndalama zina kopeleka malipiro kwa ogwira awa ndi Utumiki wa chitetezo wa Union of zonse zofunika kuti kuthetsa katundu wawo linaperekedwa. Komanso, Zitsulo anayambitsa zida za nyumbayi, yomwe m'nyumba Shaposhnik chipinda, chikepe. Izi analola okonza ndi okalamba kuzuka pansi wake wachitatu. Nduna ndi mlengi chachikulu chinali zina kusandulika kukonza.

Mwatsatanetsatane mmene ntchito yomanga ndi

Ngakhale supertyagach MAZ-7904 kulemedwa kwambiri motero n'zothandiza zikamera wa mavuto atsopano mu June 1983 chinali akamaliza ntchito yoyamba, koma patapita kuti pa nthawi yomweyo ndi chitsanzo lotsiriza la galimoto. Mu chimphona ndi cabins awiri anali kufanana wosangalatsa. Ngati mfundo kanyumba akatswiri Osipovichi zomera, anaganiza ntchito fiberglass. Choncho zinali zotheka kuchepetsa thupi lawo. towing kutalika ndi 32,2 mamita Ufupi iye anali 6.8 mamita Msinkhu (nthaka - zashuga denga kufanana) .. anakwana 3,45 mamita monga maziko chimphona anali amphamvu welded thandizo chimango .. Iye anali atavala nsapato atathana hydromechanical kufala 4-liwiro (ndi magiya awiri n'zosiyana). Mwa kundipatsako kwa mawilo kwa MAZ-7904 USSR anapereka odziwika Japanese wopanga - kampani Bridgestone. Zambiri zooneka ndi njira imene USSR anagula mawilo kwa wathunthu atatu magalimoto ndi zina zonyasa. Pa nthawi imeneyo, makampani zoweta sadathe, maofesi, zida ndi luso zofunika kupanga matayala, zimene kutikonza kupirira mtundu uwu nkhawa. yomanga imeneyi onse adamuyesa 12 yaikulu gudumu (m'mimba mwake mamita kuposa 3). MAZ-7904 unakhazikitsidwa ngati galimotoyo mtanda dziko, chotero izo zinali zonse pagalimoto Mbali (gudumu chilinganizo 12x12), ndi pansi chilolezo kutalika pafupifupi theka la mita. Kukhazikitsa utumiki wa gulu pagalimoto ankachita (kudzera mwa awiri maloboti transmissions hydromechanical). Ndi awiri kutsogolo ndi awiri axles kumbuyo kwa conveyor anali opareshoni. Ichi chinali chitsimikizo kuti utali wozungulira kutembenukira adzakhala anthu okhawo 50m. injini awiri katswiri iye pakati pa anzake. The choyamba - sitima V woboola 12 yamphamvu dizilo injini M-350 (chopangidwa ndi Leningrad anali pa "nyenyezi") - mphamvu anali 1500 HP. Iwo lowonjezera ndi turbocharged. Uyamiko kwa Iye, mu kayendedwe ka actuator mwachindunji kwa makina yokha. Chifukwa chachiwiri - 330-ndiyamphamvu V8 dizilo YaMZ-328 - kuonetsetsa yopanga mphamvu kachitidwe wothandiza chiphona. Iwo lowonjezera ndi turbocharging, amene ntchito galimoto ndi:

• kum'patula mapampu hayidiroliki;
• magudumu;
• mafani;
• mkulu ndi otsika compressors kuthamanga.

Mlingo wokweretsa mwachinsinsi

Chinsinsi khalidwe kupanga mayeso ndi kuthamanga kwa wagawo anali kokha pa nthawi mdima wa tsiku. zogwirizana ndi usilikali pa nthawi yomweyo zinthu izi. Pansi pa ulamuliro wao kudziwa nthawi ya yopuma-mu. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, airspace Soviet Belarus sayenera akhala ntchito ndi makina Western kazitape. Kenako anagubuduza galimoto 547 Km kunja kwa mzinda wa Minsk izo anawachotsa, zitadzaza n'kufika wapadera 12 osnuyu nsanja ndipo anatumizidwa ku dera la Kazakhstan (mzinda cosmodrome Baikonur cha dzina yomweyo).

Zifukwa kulankhulana chimphona ndi Kazakhstan

Panali zifukwa zingapo zimenezi. Ngati pali kutayikira, mphenzi chitukuko wachinsinsi, Baibulo Pofotokoza izo adzalenga yonyamula bulky chosagawanika chipika (kapena mmagawo angapo indivisible) maroketi malo (mwachitsanzo, "Mphamvu" zida). Chifukwa chachiwiri amayamba ndi chikhalidwe cha cholinga chenicheni cha makina, ndipo Kazakhstan ali ndi kugwirizana naye. Usilikali anafuna kulenga zinthu gulu la 10 la zimphona izi zonse shuttled pakati anatseka ambiri makilomita njira pakati pa steppes cha Kazakhstan. Aliyense wa ambiri galimotoyo anali otchedwa "kunyumba." Iye anali kuyang'ana cha hangar a. Mu mmodzi wa iwo (ndipo mwina opitirira) anapereka zipangizo hangar Launcher ndi Bomba. Chiphunzitso ichi, anali ankaganiza kuti adani kukhala ntchito yosatheka kupeza zimene kapena zimene hangar likulowa. Mfundo imeneyi sangatengedwe kukhala atsopano pa nthawi. Pa dera la USSR kale shuttled sitima wina, ndipo ngakhale gulu lawo. Iye ananamizira ngati chinthu kapena sitima zonyamula anthu. Choncho inali mkati nyukiliya intercontinental mzinga, kukonzekera zosayembekezereka chachiwiri kuponya iliyonse mdani mmbuyo ku Pentagon.

mapulani zosachitika

Zabwino kapena zoipa kwa dziko ndi kuwatcha iwo zotsatira silikudziwika, koma lingaliro la ndime avundulidwe sazindikira.

Chitsanzo chabe cha makina si amakwanitsa akonzekeretse ndi hangar.

M'kupita kwa Chikazaki mayeso galimoto pambuyo kudutsa makilomita 4,100 (anayamba liwiro chinalembedwa mu 27 km / h) kuwululidwa pamaso pa mphindi kwambiri negative. Pamwamba thandizo zimakhudza kuthamanga kwambiri winawake pa chilichonse gudumu Choncho imatsogoleredwa katundu yaikulu tonnes 30. Motero, zimenezi zinachititsa permeability yafupika, kuuma Inde ndi kulipira osauka. Pankhaniyi, otsika liwiro galimoto zoyenda ballasted zinali zotheka mkati pavements zovuta.

Shaposhnik ndipo pochita anayamba kuopa kuti yaikulu ofananira katundu imautsa amene mawilo ankafika zida sangathe kugwa osati mwaima mu nthaka.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, kumayambiriro 2007, zinadziwika kuti patapita zaka yosungirako makina mu hangar zenitovskih kuyamba (malowa unachitikira bungwe woganizirana "Design Bureau of Transport Machinery"), inagwa mchikakamizo cha dzimbiri. Mu 2010, izo kudula kwa zidutswa.