Swedish thanki Battle: review zitsanzo ndi mafotokozedwe

chisonyezo ufulu pamaso lamulo la asilikali ake ankhondo. Ankhondo a dziko lililonse lagawidwa m'madera angapo chachikulu chamtendere, Air Force, mphamvu sitima ndi magulu dziko. Nawonso Army mokakamiza anamaliza ndi magulu oti muli nazo zida, popanda zomwe n'zosatheka kulingalira kukhazikitsa zikuluzikulu ntchito ya usilikali. M'nkhani ino tikambirana za galimoto ngati ankhondo, ndi Swedish thanki. Za iye kulankhula.

nkhani za m'mbiri

The First World nkhondo siyinatayike pa asilikali Swedish m'njira yakuti iwo mwatcheru kuonera galimoto oti muli nazo zida ndi kufufuza njira zosiyanasiyana modernize gulu lake lankhondo. Poyamba, asilikali a Sweden ankafuna kugula thanki British phunziro ake mwatsatanetsatane, koma lingaliro kenako anakanidwa chifukwa kasamalidwe Swedish waganiza kuti athane ndi zodula (40 000 kroons).

chinyengo German

Sweden ndi thanki woyamba anali thalakitala. Koyamba, izo zikumveka mopusa, koma pansi pa amati ndi ulimi makina Germany atagonjetsedwa ku nkhondo ya Sweden anagulitsa 10 akasinja ake Lk-II. Pankhaniyi, makina laperekedwa unassembled ndipo khamu yomaliza ya akasinja anali ikuchitika pa nthaka Swedish. Woyambirira nkhondowo galimoto anali atasonkhana Scandinavians mu April 1922, ndipo ali mayunitsi khumi mu August anali tcheru. M'dzinja 1924, ndi akasinja Swedish mayina M / 21.

wamakono

M'zaka 1924-1925 pa makina amenewa, zatsopano inkachitikira kukhazikitsa malo wailesi. akasinja onse 10 amene analipo, "buku loyamba" kwa Swedish akatswiri a asilikali chifukwa makampani lonse. Mu 1929, wina mu nkhondowo wa mayunitsi anali akweza: iwo anapereka Swedish Scania Vabis injini 1554, mphamvu ya omwe anali 85 ndiyamphamvu (German analogue anali 56 HP ..).

The maganizo a General Wogwila

Mu 1928, Chief ya General Wogwila analengeza amafuna Hammarskjold kuti anali kutsatira Swedish thanki:

• Akadakwanitsira firepower (mfuti makina awiri ndi mfuti ayenera kuikidwa pa makina).
• Kwambiri mtanda dziko ndi malo (osachepera 10 Km / h pa mtunda waukali ndiponso osachepera 20 Km / h pa msewu zachilendo).
• Zida ayenera kutetezedwa moto Cannon likungosonyeza 37 mm.
• Kulemera kwa thanki sayenera upambana matani 12, kotero kuti kudutsa mlatho popanda mavuto.

amapereka akatswiri

Pomwepo angapo ntchito ku makampani osiyanasiyana akhala anagonjera. Makamaka Mogårdshammarstridsvagnen thanki wakhala akufuna mu chimake chimodzi, Pakati panali makina malo ndi njanji makina. Koma ntchitoyi sichinayambe anayamba chifukwa cha imfa ya wolemba wake.

Nawonso kampani "Landsverk" anapereka thanki wake Swedish STRV otchedwa L-5. Iye anali amatha kapena m'njira, ndipo makamaka sanena mawilo kwa galimoto pamsewu. Zida anali likungosonyeza 37 mamilimita Cannon ndi mfuti ziwiri makina. Komabe, anali ofooka kwambiri buku makina amene akhoza kupirira mfuti moto.

Nthawi ya 1930s ndi

Izi thanki Swedish sanali amawatenga, koma anadzakhala maziko yopanga magalimoto mu 1930, L-30 - thanki gudumu asiya msewu. Izi zida za nkhondo anatha kusonyeza makhalidwe kwambiri liwiro pa mayesero 1931. Ndi kuphana kulemera kwa makilogalamu 11.500, mayendedwe thanki pa inapita kwa 35 Km / h, ndi RV - mpaka 75 km / h.

Kenako, Swedish akasinja zaka 30 analandira chabe mbozi. Magudumu anakana. Galimoto wotchuka analandira L-10, chopangidwa ndi "Landsverk". Iwo anali magalimoto awiri, omwe ali awiri thandizo odzigudubuza anapezeka. Nawonso odzigudubuza anagwira amapasa ndipo anali ndi mphira gulu. Ngolo chomwecho msonkhano bulaketi kupenyetsetsa pansi pa mbali alumikizana ndi kukhala cushioning. Zida mazunzo za makina ndi wofanana ndi mamilimita 24. Kuyambira manja pa makina anali ndi projectile 37 mamilimita Cannon "Bofors" chopangidwa mmene mtunda wa mamita 300 zapitazi 42 mamilimita zitsulo pepala, ndi mtunda wa 1000 mamita - 28 mamilimita pepala. Komanso panali mfuti ndi 6.5 mamilimita likungosonyeza.

Mu 1934, "Landsverk" anapereka mapangidwe awiri watsopano Mphamvu wina onyamula: thanki L-100, amene anali pang'ono kulemera awo, ndipo linapangidwa kuti reconnaissance, komanso L 60 - wolowa kuti L-10, limene pachiyambi amayenera zimagulitsidwa, ndi chifukwa asilikali Swedish wagula oyamba a makina amenewa mu 1937. Thanki L 60 anali 15 mamilimita basi Cannon ndi zida 20 mamilimita likungosonyeza.

Mu 1939 izo lalandiridwa thanki M 39, zida ndi mfuti theka-zodziwikiratu "Bofors" ndi awiri a 37 mamilimita ndi mfuti ziwiri makina. Nsanja anali ndi kapangidwe latsopano.

Nthawi ya 1940s ndi

Ngati tikulingalira Swedish akasinja ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chitukuko cha chitukuko thanki mu Sweden pa nthawi chinathandiza zinachitikira usilikali German, zimene zinachititsa kuti asilikali a Sweden kuti asinthe maganizo ake pa mphamvu thanki wonse.

Mu 1942, pulogalamu kwavomelezedwa ku Sweden, umalimbana chitukuko cha Mphamvu ya onyamula ndi kupereka kukhazikitsidwa kwa brigades atatu oti muli nazo zida. Aliyense wa iwo ankayenera kuti akhale battalions awiri. Chiwerengero cha magalimoto nkhondowo totaled mayunitsi 315 a kuwala ndiponso 228 lolemera.

Swedish kuwala thanki m / 40K anali mmodzi wa anthu otchuka mu gulu lankhondo la dziko lino Denmark. Galimoto walandira kuyimitsidwa pomwe injini ndi linanena bungwe la 160 ndiyamphamvu. Tikamazunzidwa malire anali 50 mm ndi mkanda - 20 mm. Palinso mudziwe kuti asilikali a Sweden anakwanitsa kupeza kuchokera German kufala makina, ofanana ndi ntchito m / 39.

Swedish nthambi akasinja m / 41 nayenso anali anatsindika zida kutsogolo ndi mbali aft. Nsanja chinachake chooneka chosavuta, koma pa nthawi yomweyo wamphamvu kwambiri zida. kusintha onse structural zinachititsa chakuti akatswiri anali kuonjezera kutalika kwa nyumba kwa 65 mamilimita ndi kuonjezera mafuta thanki mphamvu (ku malita 190 kwa 230). Komanso ankaona kuti n'zotheka ntchito kapangidwe zosavuta welded alumikizana ndi turret, koma anaganiza kuti ulimi wa reformatting zitenga nthawi yochuluka kwambiri, ndipo pamapeto mfundo imeneyi linasiyidwa.

Swedish akasinja m / 42 anali ndi kulemera wofanana matani 22,5. Anthu ogwira ntchito m'sitimawo anayi. Anatsindika njira monga mikono anali 75 mm amapasa Cannon likungosonyeza mfuti ya makina, ndi awiri 8 mm. Mfuti wachitatu wokwera pa kolowera njira. Ndipo turret casing ndi welded pamodzi ndi mawonekedwe streamlined. Iwo anali akupita ku ntchito mbali kuumbidwa mu gawo mazunzo. Zida galimoto anafika 55 mm (ena amati fanizo ili ngakhale anafika 80 mm). Engine ndi kufala anapangidwa Mabaibulo angapo, amene alandira yoyenera ziwiri kalata code. Magalamafoni oyambirira akasinja zida ndi dongosolo wapawiri zosagwiritsa ndi mphamvu 325 ndiyamphamvu ndipo anali Buku HIV ndi zamagetsi-makina ulamuliro wa. Patapita nthawi galimoto anayamba kubala transmissions basi aliyense wa injini. Patapita akasinja anayamba kubala osakwatiwa-injini chopangidwa "Volvo", mphamvu ya zomwe, malinga ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana, akafuna 380 kwa 410 ndiyamphamvu. Komanso, panali malo ndi kufala zodziwikiratu kuti kale ogwirizana.

Ngakhale kusiyana konse luso, akasinja onse m / 42 chimodzimodzi pazipita kayendedwe liwiro - 42 km / h.

Payokha, zitsanzo zingapo asonkhanitsa kwa akazembe, zitsanzo izi mwapadera ndi wothandiza transceiver ndi 70. Watt chopatsilira. Iye anayikidwa pa malo kuwombola yachilendo mfuti unsembe, zomwe m'malo masanjidwe thunthu khalidwe zachinyengo.

Mu nthawi ya 1944-1945 waukulu chidwi mphamvu ya Swedish magulu oti muli nazo zida analipo m / 42 makina. Izi akasinja Swedish, chithunzi pansipa, kwambiri kuposa akapolo anzawo akale mu manja, ndi kugawa ntchito adalira. Koma ngakhale izi, pakati pa 1944, chitsanzo anali pansi pa masanjidwe wa akasinja sing'anga pamaziko a alipo ndiye mfundo dziko. Ake barreled mfuti 75 mamilimita awiri anali inefficient ndithu chifukwa otsika mathamangidwe koyamba zida kuboola projectile ndege. Kuti zimenezi ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa, komanso mavuto aakulu kwambiri ndi kudalilika: galimotoyo inatha mwamsanga, lomwa kasinthasintha limagwirira anakana kufala electromechanical.

Lembani kudziletsa injini zida zankhondo

Mu September 1941, mutu wa Army anavomereza kufunika chitukuko ndi kupanga mfuti kudziletsa injini. Kale kumayambiriro 1942, kuyezetsa wa zinachitika unsembe pa thankiyo galimotoyo m / 38 likungosonyeza mfuti ndi 74 mamilimita asonyeza kuti yopanga malangizo zingamuthandize kwambiri.

ntchito zina anapeza kuti akadakwanitsira kwambiri m / 41 galimotoyo. Mu March 1943, anayamba kukula kwa mfuti kudziletsa injini ndi mfuti likungosonyeza 75 mamilimita m / 02. Mu chaka chomwecho mayeso Pav m / 43 makina akhala akufufuza, amene anasonyeza kuti bwino kutsimikiziridwa 105mm howitzer.

Mu 1944, mfuti kudziletsa injini anatengedwa mu utumiki amalembedwa Sav m / 43. makina awa anabwereka galimotoyo m / 41 SII, mu malo turret kudula mabokosi anaikidwa, okonzeka ndi zida mazunzo 50 mm wandiweyani. Mu ntchito zipangizo kulimbikitsa mfuti ndi awiri a 75 mm. Komabe, kuyambira mu 1945, tinayamba kusintha mu likungosonyeza wa 105 mm. Nkhondowo zida anali 43 mpirawo. Ntchito ngati kumenya chida ACS osati anayandikira, chifukwa iye analibe mfuti ndi chitetezo chofunika ndi mfuti odana thanki.

nthawi unawonongedwa

Swedish akasinja katundu anayamba anayamba mu 1949. Project kuti akonze makina olemera ndi amphamvu KRV analandira cipher. Cholinga chachikulu cha ntchito anali kulenga katundu thanki nkhondowo kulemera amene anali kukhala matani 40-45.

Poyamba, monga mfuti waukulu chida ankaona 105, 120 ndi 155 mm. 155 mamilimita likungosonyeza Cannon anali chidwi kwambiri, koma anakana. Atakhala ndi kusanthula zina, asilikali ndinaganizira 120 mm mfuti rifled.

phunziro zinachititsa kuti dongosolo limene akatswiri a ankakhulupirira: kupereka thupi anakhumba ndi kukula kwa thanki n'kofunika kusiya nsanja onse mwachizolowezi. Takambirana njira yabwino kusintha zokhala turret, amene anali ndi zigawo ziwiri. The mmunsi mwa izo zinakonzedwa kuika mu anawalondola. Iye adzakhala ndi udindo zipangizo yopingasa malangizo. Kumtunda anawamvera ndege choimirira.

Kotero kuti latsopano Swedish nthambi ya akasinja anali otukuka, anaganiza kugula ku France katundu thanki AMX 50. Ataona zonse zochititsa, asilikali a Sweden anapezerapo ntchito otchedwa KRV Emil. NdiAmene kukazifotokoza nsanja, kukhala ndi zipangizo zonse zofunikira komanso zochita zokha, moti panalibe chifukwa kuti munthuyo. Njira imeneyi kwachititsa mavuto, koma mitundu itatu ya thanki tsogolo zinachita kulengedwa.

The yoyamba inali yopanga makina masekeli pakati matani 28. Lachitsanzo akhale mamita 5,8 yaitali, mamita 2.6 m'lifupi mwake ndi mamita 2,35 mu msinkhu. Likungosonyeza Mfuti - 120 mm.

Mbali kutsogolo kwa thanki uyenera kukhala malo kwa dalaivala, pafupifupi allocated zokhala turret, ndipo kumbuyo - pansi pa chipinda injini-HIV. Nsanja anafunika kulolera gunner ndi thanki mkulu. Zida pa mbali ya makina ndi chakudya chinali 20 mm, ndi gawo kutsogolo - 70 mm. nsanja ali okonzeka ndi chitetezo lalikulu kwambiri: kutsogolo gawo 150 mm, mbali ndi kumbuyo - 30 mm. Dvadtsativosmitonny thanki anafuna kuti akonzekeretse wamphamvu injini 550 L. a.

Mbali chidwi kwambiri za makina anali nsanja, amene ali ikulendewera gawo. Komanso okha buku unkayenera kuti akonzekeretse zida za nkhondo yekha autoloader. Paseri pa nsanja zinakonzedwa kuika awiri ng'oma, zomwe zinali zipolopolo, komanso ngati potsegula mzere chambering ndi kotunga zipolopolo.

Baibulo lachiwiri la thanki KRV Emil anakonza kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti wamphamvu ndi wandiweyani zida. Mbali kutsogolo anali ndi makulidwe 145 mm, mkanda - 60 mm. Kulemera makina akhala kuchuluka matani 38. Kukhoza anakonza injini anali pa mlingo wa malita 665. a.

Njira yachitatu - ovuta kwambiri tanthauzo loona mawu, chifukwa makina amayenera kulemera tonnes 42 ndi injini 810 lita. a. Mlingo wa chitetezo pa izi wofanana ndi chimake yachiwiri thanki.

N'zomvetsa chisoni kwa asilikali Swedish, KRV Emil ntchito sichinayambe korona ndi zotsatira zabwino. Mavuto ndi chitukuko ndi kupangidwa kwa ikulendewera nsanja anatsogolera chakuti asilikali Swedish anaganiza kugula luso yachilendo, kotero akasinja anali British zopangidwa nkhondo kuti Sweden isanayambe 2000s lapansi.

thanki Wosakaza

Kadzutsa Strv thanki 103 chinali chachikulu nkhondowo wagawo wa Swedish magulu oti muli nazo zida mu m'ma 1960. Kwenikweni, si kwambiri thanki, angati womenya. Iye anapatsidwa ndi mawonekedwe wapadera, amene akuwonekera, pakalibe nsanja ndi zipangizo pawiri kwambiri choncho. mfuti malangizo ikuchitika mwa kasinthasintha ndi ndingaliro ya makina thupi ndi kuyimitsidwa. Ichi ndi thanki woyamba pa dziko, amene kuwonjezera dizilo ndi anakhazikitsidwa ndi injini mafuta chopangira mphamvu.

The armament za makina - mfuti ya 105 mm, atatu mfuti ya makina 7,62 mm, wina odana ndege mfuti, awiri grenade chetyrehstvolnyh. The injini chachikulu chimene dizilo K-60 mphamvu malita 240. ndi, ndi thandizo -. "Boeing-502 Podutsira" mphamvu malita 330. a.

Komanso, akasinja anali aft chibwereza amazilamulira ili. Chifukwa ichi pali ili wailesi woyendetsa akhoza ntchito makina ndi kunyamula mu n'zosiyana ngati n'koyenera.

Swedish ntchito

Mu 1997, kampani Hägglunds anayamba kulenga latsopano Swedish thanki. ntchito analandira malamulo CV 90-120.

thanki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa maziko a galimotoyo BMP C90. Ife anawonjezera wapadera nthiti chinthu chimodzimodzi, omwe analola kuti tikhale olimba za makina pambuyo kuwombera 120 mamilimita likungosonyeza Cannon. Komabe, chifukwa cha zimenezi, penapake yafupika ntchito zazikulu.

Njinga thanki - 8 yamphamvu Scania wagawo akufotokozera mphamvu 640 L. m kufala galimoto -. Perkins X 300. Zimenezi zimathandiza thanki pa thupi matani 26 ndi zida zonse imathandizira 70 km / h. Masamu m'mabande ndi pansi ndi wokometsedwa kuyendetsa galimoto pa pamwamba chipale chofewa. dalaivala akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zitatu telescopic kwa kuonera malo.

Swedish wosaoneka CV90120 thanki ali ndi chakudya basi wa nkhono ndi dongosolo adamulamulira. makina chingathandize kuti zipolopolo 14 pa mphindi. Zipolopolo zipolopolo 45. Mfuti ali okonzeka ndi chipangizo yapadera, wozengereza mayamwidwe wa utsi chifukwa pambuyo kuwombera pa.

abulusa Makinawa kulola nsanja kuchita kasinthasintha zozungulira ndi kusuntha chida mu osiyanasiyana - madigiri 8 +22. The chowombelera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito laser rangefinder, kutsata chipangizo, ndi matenthedwe imager.

The invisibility a thanki amaperekedwa ndi ntchito Adaptiv masking opaleshoni dongosolo mu osiyanasiyana infuraredi.

Lakunja gawo Adaptiv - mbale ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino asanu. Woterowo mbali structural thanki osati kumakhaladi kosaoneka ndi mdani komanso kupanga otchedwa malodza wonyenga, amene 'amakoka' zamagetsi. Ngati ndi kotheka, makina opopera ndi aerosol mtambo mozungulira iwo wokha, amasunga invisibility chophimba yochulukirapo awiri. Mphamvu ya kapangidwe ndi wofanana ndi malita 300.

Zoperekedwa mu galimoto ndi chitetezo pakompyuta, amene adzakhala aonetsa kuti adalira kuti zochita zawo ndi nzeru unit. Pambuyo kuti n'zotheka ngati chiwonongeko mwachindunji anapeza luso, ndi jamming.

Pomaliza

review Ichi ndi chidule cha akasinja Swedish. zamakono si chilili, ndi kuchuluka kwa makampani chitetezo yotero. Akasinja a lero - makina zina zamakono kuti angathe kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga kuti azindikire ndi kuwononga mdani.