Zida Russian "mphepo yamkuntho": specifications luso

zaka zingapo, dongosolo "Grad" zinali zida azifa mu dziko. No ku dziko sakanakhoza kukana Russia. Muziona kolowera izi amutenge mu 1963. Pafupifupi imodzi ndi MRL, izo zinali "mphepo yamkuntho" ndi "Twister." Koma anakhala ambiri yekha "Grad".

Chida "mphepo yamkuntho" pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pamene nkhani (2012), m'malo kuloŵedwa m'malo. Tikuthokoza mphamvu ndi chiwonongeko mwatsatanetsatane. Complete kukonzanso latsopano la Russia sichinafikebe, koma mphamvu yachilendo asilikali kale anasonyeza chidwi ndi chida latsopano.

Mbiri ya MLRS ndi

Dongosolo loyamba launchers angapo roketi tinganene kuti Korea chida chimene ali ndi dzina "hwacha". Iwo akuganiza kuti "kholo" maofesi a makono. Panali ndithu nthawi yaitali - m'zaka XV.

Kwa nthawi yaitali mu mbiri ya Zida zoopsa si likufa kusintha kwambiri. Only pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX projectiles unguided ankagwiritsa ntchito. Iwo anali ufa maroketi. Popeza ankagwiritsa ntchito nkhondo zambiri, kuphatikizapo Copenhagen.

USSR mwamphamvu chinkhoswe mu chitukuko cha machitidwe zotakasika. Kale mu 1927, ena zoikamo analowa mu utumiki zombo. Izo analengedwa pa zaka zitatu (bwino kwambiri) chitsanzo BM-13. MRL Ichi chikudziwika ngati "Katyusha" The anthu.

kufala anali "Grad" Pambuyo maudani. dongosolo wakhala wotchuka pambuyo Soviet Union ntchito nkhondo yake ndi China.

Yoyamba "mphepo yamkuntho" - "Grad"

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, zinadziwika mphamvu mfuti "Grad", pambuyo kumuyesa pa Sino-Soviet chilumba. Ndiye kunali mkangano mu 1969 pakati pa misonkhano malire a China ndi la Soviet Union. Patapita akatemera ochepa a m'dera inasanduka munda analima. Malinga ndi malipoti a mbiri yakale, omwe ali m'mavuto oposa 3 zikwi. Chinese. Palibe amene anayesa kulowa chilumba Soviet (amene adakali wadutsa mu malo a PRC), anamusiya ndi moyo.

Mu utumiki wa Russian Federation "Grad" Ine ndinaima kwa zaka zoposa 40, ndipo, monga ife tikudziwira, zonse ali ndi ena "alumali moyo." Asanabwere ake dziko anaona latsopano "Smerch" machitidwe ndi "mphepo yamkuntho." Awo m'malo ndi chida zatsopano Russia - "mphepo yamkuntho".

Maonekedwe a zida "mphepo yamkuntho" latsopano la Russia

Chiyesedwe woyamba zida chinachitika mu 2011, womwe ndi 25 la mwezi woyamba ya nyundo. Pa mayesero amenewa anali akuluakulu a asilikali a mayiko monga Russia ndi Kazakhstan. Malinga ndi zotsatira, zinadziwika kuti kuloŵedwa wake "Grad", chitsanzo izi zimawapangitsa tchuthi mmphepete mwa njira. Russian zida "mphepo yamkuntho" ali wamkulu kuwombera mphamvu, bwino lolondola kumenya, malo topographic, osiyanasiyana ndi lolondola kuwombera, ndi zina zotero. D. Komanso okonzeka ndi wapadera Kanema-oongoka. Uyamiko kwa Iye, Mwina kuphonya zambiri yafupika.

mbali Minor "mphepo yamkuntho-S"

Mosiyana ndi "mphepo yamkuntho" chitsanzo, "mphepo yamkuntho-S" ali osiyanasiyana bwino, amene ali wamkulu kuposa unsembe woyamba katatu. Chifukwa dongosolo kuti amalola kuti kudziletsa chida ndege, atakhala ulemerero yaing'ono kuchuluka angamachite. The zipolopolo, umene umabala zida "mphepo yamkuntho-S" akhoza kukhala zitsanzo osiyana: chokhala, shrapnel, mabomba, UPS (iwo amasiyana kuti kuonongeka wokha). Chifukwa ichi, MRL imeneyi ingakhale njira kwa mphindi kuchotsa adani. Komabe, ndalama mtengo kwambiri. Mu 2012, Uwerenge "mphepo yamkuntho-S" wakhala kuposa rubles 35 miliyoni.

Chirengedwe cha "mphepo yamkuntho-G"

Chida "mphepo yamkuntho-G" wakhala anayamba kwa nthawi yaitali. Zimenezi zinachitika mu 90s lapansi. MRL izi ngakhale anayesedwa kwa kuwombera mchitidwe pa umodzi mwa mizinda Russian.

Mu 2011, iye analowa kuti boma pokamba za makina 36. The mtengo okwana analipo oposa 1 mrad rubles. Koma pempho silinakwaniritsidwe. chakuti chitsanzo ichi Ndipotu, ndi kusinthidwa wa "Grad" kachitidwe. Chifukwa, anatengera "mphepo yamkuntho-G" anali osavomerezeka. Boma la Russia wakhala ndikusinthidwa zochita zake mu 2012, chotero mwa kundipatsako kwa kuchuluka chomwecho zida inatha mu 2013. Iwo ndi nkhani zombo za boma.

Zofunika "mphepo yamkuntho-G"

Chida "mphepo yamkuntho-G" ndi njanji zochotseka. Izi zimathandiza kuti ntchito zipolopolo za calibers osiyana. Komabe, tiyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti mbali chilipo pokhapokha ngati galimotoyo ndi ntchito, womwenso pa "Mvula ya mkuntho". dongosolo cooldown ranges ku Mphindi 3 mpaka 7.

The kanyumba ali dongosolo atsopano kulamulira motsogozedwa ndi ntchito yowotcha. Ndiyamika msilikali uyu alibe ntchito njira nkhondo zinali zogwirizana pa "Castle".

Zowona MLRS "mphepo yamkuntho"

Monga ankayembekezera "mphepo yamkuntho" kuwombera chida Russia akugwiritsa ntchito projectiles unguided mu mawonekedwe a maroketi. Izi amakwaniritsa zotsatira pazipita - yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, mtengo wotsika ndi sikelo chiwonongeko chachikulu.

Ndi zida marksmanship mavuto. Pali kulolerana - 100 Km mtunda analola Pepala ndi 200 mamita mu "mphepo yamkuntho-G" zilipo mfundo dongosolo kudzudzulidwa .. Izo ntchito ngati mukufuna kuti chinthu ena (thanki, ndodo ndi zina zotero. D.). Kusintha njira yodutsamo ndi chifukwa ntchito ya mwezi navigation ndi UAVs.

see mikono

Pambuyo mpirawo yovuta mokwanira kuti amabisa MRL, kutenga nkhani mphamvu ya "mphepo yamkuntho". zida Russia, motero, ayenera kutha mofulumira kuchoka ndi kunyamuka. Chifukwa chakuti dongosolo pati, ponena pano, lili lolondola kuzikonzanso, chida akhoza kuyamba kusuntha ngakhale pamaso mphindi mizinga afika cholinga. Kukhulupirira kuti kuyambitsanso si chofunika, ndi 100%. The galimotoyo, lomwe ndi mtanda dziko amalola "mphepo yamkuntho" moti muziyendayenda njanji imathamanga mpaka 85 km / h.

Uthunthu "mphepo yamkuntho," ndi zipolopolo likungosonyeza

Mu utumiki ndi Russian Federation Pasakhale "mphepo yamkuntho-G". Likungosonyeza projectiles ntchito, ndi 122 mm. pali zingapo zizindikiro zina mwa zitsanzo zina. Kuwonjezera Baibulo "G" analengedwa zida ndi index "S" ndi "U". The diameters wa mizinga 300 ndi 220 mm, motero. Angathe kuwombera monga zipolopolo "nzika", monga zosintha "mphepo yamkuntho" (Y), ndi "Smerch" (C), ndi wapadera. Yotsirizira ndi index osiyanasiyana kawiri pachiyambi.