Slavophiles ndi Azungu

Makumi anai za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi anapita mu mbiri monga "khumi chidwi" - pa exacerbation mikangano maganizo komanso anafufuza kupitirirabe wauzimu. luntha Russian ngati "amadzutsidwa loto", kulola chitukuko yogwira ganizo chikhalidwe ndi nzeru za anthu.

moyo wonse umene anali anaikira mu likulu - Moscow, kumene kanjedza otchuka nyengo ya Alexander Herzen, P. Chaadaev, A. Khomyakov anasonyeza owolowa manja awo - idealist maganizo pa anthu anali kutsutsana ndi zokambirana. A mbali yaikulu pa moyo wa Russia ankaimba maphunziro a University Moscow. Anasonyeza maganizo awo pa khalidwe la Russia latsopano ndi ubale wake ndi chitukuko cha mbiri Ulaya. Pang'onopang'ono, ophunzira kukambirana anali ogaŵikana mabwalo awiri, amene anali polemical mutu: Slavophiles ndi azungu.

mumaganiza ziwiri izi zonse zikugwira polemics ndi mzake. Phunziro la mkangano wawo anali kale ndi tsogolo la boma la Russia. Slavophiles ndi azungu mu nzeru Russian anali ofanana mu mamasulidwe a nthawi zakale za dziko lake, kuganizira osiyana ndi ku Ulaya. Woyamba kutamandidwa zolinga wowala wa Old boma Russian. Azungu ambiri ponena kuti mphamvu akale European nkhani zinachitika zosiyana kwambiri nafe kwa nthawi yaitali kale anapanga zina zabwino. Iwo kwathunthu akana lingaliro Kuyerekezera zapitazi Russia ndi wamkulu Ages Middle m'mayiko a Azungu. Ena mwa iwo idealize m'mbuyomu, pamene ena utoto yekha mu mitundu mdima.

Slavophiles ndi azungu. Kodi chimagwirizanitsa awa mbali ziwiri nzeru zaumunthu?

Anthu ndi zina ankatsutsa kwambiri panopa. Iwo anakana kumvetsa ndi kuchitapo kanthu pa nthawi ya Nicholas dongosolo: serfdom, mfundo zoweta ndi achilendo, kusintha chosintha. mawu ndi zochita zawo zokha kuyesa kuteteza nkhani zandale ufulu wa atolankhani la kulankhula, chikumbumtima, maganizo a anthu.

Mtsutsano kogwirizana ndi azungu ndi Slavophiles ndi tsogolo. Woyamba, akutama zimene Peter 1, kuyembekezera chitukuko cha boma Russian pa chitsanzo European. Ntchito yaikulu ya boma ndi anthu, maganizo awo, anali maganizo a dziko wokonzeka-kupata mitundu ya moyo ndi zachuma, chimakhala ndi mphamvu European Western. Zinali kuthetsa dongosolo dziko m'pofunika kukwaniritsa zolinga zimenezi, kuletsa malamulo kusiyana kwa magulu, kupereka ufulu wa entrepreneurship, kuti streamline boma ndi democratize dongosolo milandu.

Slavophiles anadzudzula Petro chiwawa ndi ndewu, iwo chinathandiza anthu. The njira ya mavuto ndi ndiyotani pakuchotsa proletarianism adayiwona kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo limodzi. Pofuna kukhazikitsa maganizo awo Slavophiles anali wokonzeka kuti zinthu zisinthe. Yachokera pa lingaliro kusiyana categorical pakati Russia ndi Europe, iwo anadzudzula Western individualistic mfundo kuwayika adzachita zazikulu pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mfundo za moyo gulu la anthu Russian.

Idealizing Orthodox Slavophiles kudzudzulidwa Chiprotestanti ndi Chikatolika. Iwo anakhulupirira kuti cholinga Russia ndi kumanga miyoyo yawo pa mfundo woona wachikhristu ndi kupereka mfundo ake kukhala ku okhulupirika a dziko lonse lapansi. Dziko tiyenera kutsegula kwa anthu onse njira mgwirizano weniweni ndi ubale - catholicity, kapena, monga ufulu hamsters 'mogwirizana mwa chikhulupiriro Orthodox ".

Slavophiles ndi azungu - anatuluka mu ang'onoang'ono Russia mu nthawi yamavuto, mumaganiza awiriwa ndipo ananyezimiritsa chilakolako cha zigawo owolowa manja a anthu aiming kukhala chiphunzitso kwathunthu za kusintha kwa boma la Russia.