Reserve "Chersonese": zithunzi ndi ndemanga

Chersonese - ndi dzina anatenga mzinda oposa awiri ndi zikwi theka zaka zapitazo anayambitsa wakale atsamunda Greek. Mudziwo atabwerera ku gawo kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa Crimea chilumba. Lero, mabwinja a malo amenewa ali Sevastopol kukopa. Koma anthu amene amabwera kwa nthawi yoyamba mu likulu la Crimea, choyamba kukaona dolphinarium, Panorama, Museum ya Black Sea zombo ndi Aquarium kenako okha anatumiza kwa Hersonissos akale. Koma atafika ku Sevastopol kachiwiri, malo pomwepo kupita mu Hersonissos, kumene mwaŵi wa kusangalala tsiku la zipilala mbiri, kuiwala kuti kuli chitukuko.

Magwero a mumzindawo

Tsogolo Chersonese pachiyambi ndi m'mudzi waung'ono, glued mmodzi wa kugombe la Bay, amene lero amatchedwa kwaokha. Titafika ku chilumba cha, ankalamulira anabwera ndi zida, chakudya, ziwiya za m'nyumba. Iwo anamugwira zovala, chida ntchito, ndipo mwina ng'ombe. Pambuyo ankafika pa gombe la kwaokha, ankalamulira anakakhala pafupi Bay, pafupi popanda zipangizo zawo la chihema. Iwo anamanga nyumba yake cholinga kanthawi. Amenewa anali dugouts ndi tinyumba ta. Pambuyo pake, anthu atsopano yomanga m'misasa okhazikika.

Hersonissos (zithunzi zili m'nkhani athu), ndiye kufalitsa pa malo mwachilungamo lalikulu. Koma dziko tsidya lino la Bay anali ndipo ndi womasuka kwambiri ndi moyo. Ndipotu chilengedwe udindo wakonzera kwaokha malo ntchito galimoto magalimoto. N'chifukwa chake pa chiyambi cha moyo wa osamukira kuno Bay anali kufunika kwambiri. Ichi chinali njira yokhayo zikugwirizana ndi dziko la kwawo ndipo gwero posungira (usodzi). Ndipotu ina, chifukwa amene malowa imatengedwa zabwino, ndi kuti kutetezedwa ku zochita za chisanu kuchokera kumpoto, kum'mawa ndi kukwezedwa kumpoto. Ancient Chersonese oyambirira zatenga zosaposa mahekitala anayi. Iwo anali okwana pafupifupi zikwi ndi theka.

Kuchokera Chersonese kuti Kherson

Dzina "Chersonesos" mu Chigiriki amatanthauza "chilumba". "Taurian" limanenanso amene ali mu Tauris, m'mayiko Tauris. Ndipo iwo anali Akhristu a Tauri pankhondo fuko, amene anali ndi makhalidwe oipa. Anthuwa zonse kumenyana kunali koopsa kwambiri. kwawo kunali masiku Crimea. Hersonissos Tauris pafupifupi kumbali zonse.

City State Hersonissos zinatha pafupifupi zaka zikwi ziwiri. Ndipo nkhani ya moyo wake zokhudzana osati kwa Ukraine komanso m'mayiko ena monga Ufumu wa Byzantine, Ancient Rome ndi Ancient Greece. Chersonese anakhazikitsidwa monga njuchi a olemera ndi otchuka a mzinda Greek wa Heraclea Pontica. Choncho, chikhalidwe chake kwa nthawi yaitali zinachitika Agiriki miyambo ndi. Iye analinso ndi mutu wa malonda wa m'mudzi, ndipo ngakhale anatsogolera ntchito nkhondo ndi Bosporus Ufumu ndi Asikuti.

Mu Middle Ages izo anadzatchedwa Hersonissos mu Kherson, ngakhale m'mipukutu ya Russia wakale anapeza dzina la Korsun. Kwa zaka zikwi zambiri, Hersonissos (onani chithunzi pamwambapa) anali gawo la wamphamvu zonse Ufumu Byzantine. Choncho, mzindawo unakhala likulu la wachikhristu lonse Crimea chilumba. Ndipo mu 1399, Kherson anali anagonjetsa ndi kutentha asilikali a Khan Edigei.

malo m'munsi

Mu 1892, pamene inali Hersonissos (mapu ali) Archaeological Museum unakhazikitsidwa. Ndipo mu 1994 ndi lamulo la ndiye mutsogoleli wa Ukraine pamene iye anapatsidwa udindo wa malo National "Chersonese". malo ili m'dera la mahekitala 500. Ndipo chaka chilichonse kukaona anthu zikwi mazana atatu. Kumbali ya ntchito yaikulu ya nyumbayi ndi:

• ndi sayansi ya phunziroli.
• Security.
• Kubwezeretsa zipilala za chikhalidwe ndi zomangamanga.
• Popularization.
• Kupanga zinthu zina ndi zokopa alendo.
• Kugwiritsa ndipo imayenera ntchito ya cholowa alipo.

Reserve "Chersonese" ali nazo ake linga, zimene ziri za m'ma V. BC. e. - XV Art. N. e., ndi akale linga la Cembalo linga, limene lili mu Balaclava, ndi wa zaka XIII-XVIII. Komanso, pali imodzi ya mtundu yakale yoyendera farmstead ndi ziwembu zimene zimasonyeza woyamba pofukula paki ku Ukraine.

Reserve kwa kuda mkulu

Aliyense wa mabungwe a m'banja Msikawu akatswiri kwambiri oyenerera, amene ali okonda chenicheni chimene iwo akuchita. Mwa antchito malo pali ofuna asanu a sayansi mbiri, ndi amuna khumi okha akukonzekera kuteteza ndondomeko ya ntchito zawo sayansi. National Reserve "Chersonese" m'ndende ndi Director General Leonid Vasilyevich Marchenko. Iye ali mutu wa Amakwaniritsidwa Antchito a Culture ya boma Chiyukireniya ndi digiri ya phungu wa sayansi mbiri.

Chifukwa kukhalapo misewu wapadera ndi ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa Hersonissos inakhala maziko a mwambo wa ophunzira ndi ana. Choncho, pa nthawi ina panali maphunziro othandiza, ophunzira makoleji ndi mayunivesite a St. Petersburg, Moscow, Kharkov ndi Kiev.

Iwo chersonese kukopa chidwi ndithu mwa akatswiri ochokera kumayiko ena. Mwachitsanzo, m'mabuku a m'mayiko amenewa nthawi zambiri kufalitsa nkhani ndi zolemba za mzinda wakale, ndi pa misonkhano ya mayiko zambiri kumva za malipoti kafukufuku unachitikira mumzinda.

chidwi Hersonissos

Ndi m'mudzi kamodzi mu ukapolo, amene anali ndi ulamuliro wa akulu a Constantinople. Pakati pa anthuwo anali ndi wokana Roma IV wa ana, Justinian II odana Filippik Vardan ndi, makamaka, Justinian II, ndi Papa Martin. Mu Hersonissos pali zisudzo wakale, amene ali yekha mtundu wake DNS lonse. mzinda wa Kherson chinatchedwa choncho ndi Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri polemekeza Chersonese wakale.

zisudzo Chersonesos

Crimea Chersonese, monga tanenera kale, anali mwini wake wa zisudzo akale amene inamangidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka III-IV. The zisudzo akhoza kumakhalamo oonera oposa chikwi chimodzi panthawi. Pamene Hersonissos ankalamulidwa ndi olamulira wakale, bwaloli anali ntchito ngati m'bwalolo kuti maseŵera omenyana. Pamene Roma, Christianity chipembedzo chachikulu, ndiye onse a zisudzo kuno inaletsedwa. A zisudzo inamangidwa pa bwinja la buluku akachisi mwanaalirenji.

zokopa Chersonesus

Pakati pa zipilala za mzinda wakale, timafunika chidwi cha zonse ndi zamakedzana angatchedwe chifunga belo. Iwo anaponyedwa mu 1778. Kupanga ake ntchito anagwira mfuti Turkey. Ntchito belu anali za kuchenjeza sitima tidapita zapitazi gombe mu nyengo yoipa. Pamene wadutsa Crimea nkhondo kukopa anagwidwa ku likulu French. Only mu 1913 chifunga belu anabwerera m'malo ake oyenerera.

Chizindikiro cha Chersonese kuti "tchalitchi chachikulu." Koyamba m'dera kachisi amene anamangidwa mwa m'ma chimodzi. Ndiye mzinda analamulira mfumu Byzantine Justinian I. Paulo Mpingo vystelen Zithunzi. Kale mu X atumwi, mpingo watsopano inamangidwa pa mabwinja a tchalitchi m'mbuyomu. Yomanga izi mapulani mpingo ndi ntchito zidutswa za kachisi wakale. nsangalabwi ntchito kupanga nyumba mizati, ndipo ankalemera 350 makilogalamu.

Comments ndi maganizo a alendo

Amene ndi mwayi zokwanira pitani mu wapadera ndi chosaneneka Hersonissos, kuti chimodzi cha anapezazo mtundu mbiri mpata kukhudza kuti chitukuko wakale ndi zilowerere iwo mu mzimu. Ndipotu, mbiri osati dziko limodzi angathe kuwerenga apa pa mwala uliwonse. Alendo kuti Hersonissos - ziri monga makina nthawi limene limayendetsa anthu pa anagonjetsa kumenyana gladiator ndi woyamba zisudzo ed.