Repo-wotuluka - ndi chiyani ichi? Repo wotuluka: kodi ntchito?

Direct kukongoza, mu mitundu yake yonse, si wopindulitsa nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina, ndi aluso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina kusintha ndalama, mmodzi amene ali repo-wotuluka. Zinthu wapadera kugula ndi kugulitsa dongosolo limene poyera choyambilira: wogulitsa kugula katundu kumbuyo kale anagulitsa, chirichonse chimene iwo akhale. Mosiyana ina, munthu njira zimenezi kwa nyengo yaifupi, ufulu onse a ntchito usapite kuti wogula (kupatulapo osowa). Only pamene ikuchitika ntchito n'zosiyana, n'zotheka ntchito za chipatala repo adzabwerera kwa mwini wapachiyambi. Mu wotuluka amenewa ndi mokwanira kale, ndipo anapatsidwa makhalidwe a njira imeneyi, malamulo atangomwalira ntchito zambiri kapena sichidziwika bwino ndi chokwanira udindo pa nkhaniyi.

nkhani

Kwa nthawi yoyamba chinachake chonga wotuluka repo zinachitika mwamsanga 1917 mu United States. chifukwa anali msonkho waukulu kwambiri yokhudza zochita nkhondo. Yakhala povuta ndi opanda pake kwambiri ntchito machitidwe kukongoza analipo. Panali kufunika kuyambitsa zinthu zatsopano, bwino. REPO - ndi chidule cha mawu English kuwombola pangano, zomwe ziri anamasuliridwa kuti "malonda ndi kugula kutsutsana." Dongosolo loyamba linali ntchito Federal malo thumba kuti pokhapo titachitapo boma bungwe. Poyamba ichi chidachitika kuti efficiently ndi bwino kuonetsetsa kukongoza dongosolo kubanki. Pang'ono ndi ubwino njira imeneyi akhala bwino kwa ena makampani ndi Makampani. Ndipo mpaka Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World ndi Great Depression, wotuluka ngati akhala ndi wotchuka kwambiri. Ndiye mmene chuma chikuyendera zasintha ndi kufunika kwa zida ngati chabe mbisoweka zaka pafupifupi 30 kuti kamodzinso zogwirizana repos anali kokha mu 1950 ndipo ali kuyambira inafalikira mu dziko kamodzinso kupeza kutchuka. Makamaka, dzina la kompyuta, mauthenga komanso ciliconse cokhudzana ndi, anali kutsogolera wina kwa pofuna kukwaniritsa chida ndalama.

zolinga

Ena amakhulupirira kuti repo-wotuluka - ndi zosinthika ya kugula kapena kugulitsa katundu. Ndipotu, cholinga chachikulu cha ntchito imeneyi ndi ngongole yochepa chosinthana ndi pafupifupi mtengo womwewo wa chuma (onse chogwirika komanso chosaoneka ndi maso). Tikumbukenso kuti nthawi zambiri mtengo wa ndikupeleka chinthu kumayambiriro kwa iwowo, pang'ono zosakwana mapeto. Amene Mwachitsanzo, pali katundu kuti ndalama 10 000 rubles. kampaniyo amagulitsa chitetezo kulandira zikwi 10. Popeza kuwombola amapereka chiwombolo kuvomerezedwa yaitali, patapita kanthawi adzayenera kugwira ntchito kwa iwowo. Koma pa nthawi ya kukhazikitsa Mwina sizingakhale kuti kanthu tsopano ofunika kwambiri kuposa 15 chikwi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, makampani adzayenera kubwereranso si 10, koma 15 chikwi. Rubles. The chidwi mbali zonse lodziwikiratu. Choncho, wobwereka mofulumira kwambiri limapeza ndalama anakhumba, ndi ngongole m'kanthawi kocepa amalandira ndalama zambiri ndithu. Mwachibadwa, ngati zinthu ina ndi ndalama, nthawi zonse mavuto zotheka zomwe Pankhaniyi adzakhala kuposa mu wotuluka wolimba ndi bwino ndi crediting. Koma ndalama chifukwa n'kosathandiza.

REPO chinthu

REPO wotuluka ndi magawo ndi otchuka kwambiri, ndakuwonetserani, zosavuta ndi otchuka. Poyamba, anali ankadziwa kuti ntchito zofanana idzachitike yekha ndi sheya. Komabe, monga chitukuko cha dongosolo anayamba kumvetsa kuti ndi kufanizira tikhoza ntchito ndi katundu wina aliyense kapena mankhwala. Tanthauzo la ntchito ngati ali mwamtheradi yemweyo, koma chinthu chachikulu ndi zovuta zambiri zolembalemba. Mwachitsanzo, kuti adzathe kulembetsa umwini bwino pansi wotuluka kuwombola kwa masheya, tifunika kuwononga nthawi yochepa. Koma kugwira ntchito chimodzimodzi ndi katundu, zida kapena malo akhala makamaka kuthana ndi vutoli, zomwe zimafuna khama kwambiri ndipo zimatenga nthawi zambiri.

Features ndi Ubwino

Mwachidule, kuti wobwereka ndi wokongoza, anali tafotokozazi. Koma anapatsidwa chakuti ndi mgwirizano ndi matanthauzo opindulitsa ndi maziko mapeto a repo iliyonse ndikupeleka (komanso aliyense makonzedwe ndalama) ayenera ankafotokoza nkhaniyi. Choncho, wokongoza (ie, munthu amene amapeza chinthu), njira imeneyi n'kopindulitsa chifukwa izo zimakhala mwini zonse pa chuma. Mu zosinthika cha umwini kukongoza tingachipeze powerenga anatsala kwa wobwereka, amene zina ndi opanda pake kwambiri (makamaka ubwino adzakhala wamkulu, ang'onoang'ono mawu a kugulitsa katundu). Mwachitsanzo, ngati wokongoza chifukwa ena anakana kuti awombole chuma chake akale, mbali ina mungathe mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta ngati mwini zonse, kugulitsa katundu ndi kupeza phindu lawo. Ulibe kudikira kugwira Kuthi ku khoti amachita amaloledwa kwa bankirapuse, ndi zina zotero. Tikumbukenso kuti kukwaniritsidwa kwa mfundo za kufunika ndikupeleka wa mgwirizanowo uli kokha zofunika chinthu, osati chikhalidwe chirichonse ndalama panthawi ndi wobwereka. Ndiko kuti, n'zotheka kuti asakhale ndi chidwi ndi munthu amene wapereka ndalama ngati amapereka chinthu madzi ndi otsimikiza lamanja ake kumalo. Motero, zimatenga kwambiri chosavuta ndi inapita patsogolo. Izi makamaka zaphindu kwa wobwereka chachiwiri. Ziribe kanthu momwe zoipa chuma iye ngakhale zinali choncho, ngati pali sheya malonda (kapena mankhwala ena ofanana), akhoza kupeza ndalama, ndipo alibe kuwononga nthawi kapena mphamvu.

Magawo ndi mavoti

Pali mbali ina n'chobadwa okha opareshoni zimenezi, monga repo ndikupeleka. Chitsanzo ndi ichi: Kampani amagulitsa ndi magawo akumeneku ndi. Mwini opindulitsa sheya ndi ngongole, koma phindu izo osazindikira - amaonedwa chuma mwini wake m'mbuyomu mpaka nthawi imene iye adzakana kugula chinthu repos. Pa nthawi yomweyo, liwu limene kupereka magawo kale akumeneku kuti ngongole, zimene vuto akukuvutitsani. makampani ambiri amakonda kuthana ndi pa nthawi yomweyo akatunge pangano la ulamuliro, kuti si kutaya ufulu kuvota. Ndithudi, izo zonse zimadalira asapita pakati pa mbali zonse, makhalidwe a ntchito yawo, ndi zinthu zina zambiri.

misonkho

Pali mbali ina yofunika ndi chidwi kwambiri kuti chimasiyanitsa REPO-ndikupeleka. malipiro Izi misonkho. Makamaka, ambiri mwa njira wa kugula ndi kugulitsa zinthu ngati zimenezi, zomwe ikukhudzana izo chikalata sheya, zambiri yopindulitsa kwambiri kuposa ena. Mwachitsanzo, pamene ndikupeleka wabwinobwino ayenera kulipira msonkho kwa sikuti wa ndikupeleka. Koma mu nkhani ya kuwombola ndi imatengedwa zosinthika limene zopelekazi anapanga okha kusiyana pakati pa koyamba mtengo katundu (kapena zina chitetezo chofanana) ndi mtengo wake mtheradi. Ndi mtengo kwambiri kuposa machitidwe ena. Tikumbukenso kuti chikukhudza osati chitetezo, komanso mitundu ya wotuluka amene bwinobwino. Ndiko kuti, amachita mwa anagulidwa mmbuyo, ndipo sanakhale mu wokongoza katundu. Ndiponso kumbukirani kuti nyengo pazipita sadzakhala upambana miyezi 6.

Gawo kwa msonkho

Limodzi mwa mavuto zazikulu zimene uka kugwiritsa ntchito chabe dongosolo chotero kwa misonkho, ngati n'koyenera, ndi kufunika m'kagulu bwino ndikupeleka ndi chabe. Ndiko kuti, muyenera kumvetsa bwino ngati ntchito inayake ndi osavuta kugula kapena kugulitsa masheya, kaya ndi dongosolo ngongole kwa mtundu repo. Kwenikweni, zofunika ndi zinthu opareshoni ngati wakhala tafotokozazi. Nyengo - zosaposa miyezi 6, chinthu - yemweyo, kunena za sheya chikalata. Ophunzira mu ndikupeleka awiri okha, ndipo iwo sasintha, ndi zina zotero. Pokhapokha ngati ndondomeko likumanenso zofunika zonse, adzapereka dongosolo ŵakwenera msonkho. Tikumbukenso kuti lamulo analoleza kutambasuka kakang'ono, koma salinso kuposa mpaka mapeto a nthawi panopa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati iwowo akuti itha December 10, n'zotheka kuwakomera mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi, koma osati kwambiri.

wotuluka Repo ndi Bank ku Central

Russian banki panopa amagwiritsa mitundu ya ntchito pongofuna kuti kupereka liquidity. Iye yekha amachita monga wogula ndi, kugula masheya mabungwe ngongole. No maphwando ena saona monga gulu msika. Mwazina, tisaiwale kuti kusangalala maofesi tatchulazi, mabungwe ngongole ayenera miyezo ananena za Bank wa Central. Apo ayi, ndi iwo ndipo sipadzakhala ntchito. Osaphatikiza wotuluka repo mabanki kumafuna mitundu itatu kuchotsera - m'munsi, kulowa kapena mlingo pamwamba. Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti 100% koyamba DISKONT kanthu sadzayanjidwa monga ina.

Limagwirira ndi magawo

REPO wotuluka ndi Bank of Russia ikuchitika m'njira ziwiri. The choyamba ndi yobetcherana, wachiwiri - mtengo lokhazikika. Unachitikira amagulitsa nsombazo mlungu kulanda ndalama kwa sabata 1. Payokha angathe kuchitikira amagulitsa nsombazo zambiri, wakhala lolunjika pa ngongole ya masiku 6. Nthawi, kuwunika kwa adequacy ntchito, kuchuluka kwa wotuluka ndi zinthu zina atsimikiziridwa kokha mwa Bank of Russia.

Repo Kupeleka: Malawi

Mosiyana ndi dongosolo msonkho, ndiyo mbali yofunika ya katundu osiyana chifukwa cha ichi kungasinthe kuchuluka kwa malipiro, zonse wosalira zambiri mu mlandu. Choncho, onse amene ntchito izi amaoneka chabe monga kugula kapena kugulitsa kakatundu iliyonse. No mbali yapadera kapena zina sanali muyezo kanthu sali pano chifukwa motere chiwembu muyezo zimangosonyeza kayendedwe loyamba la nkhani kuwombola mgwirizano mu njira imodzi, ndiyeno, ngati Atabwerera - mzake.

zotsatira

Kuchokera pa zimene takambiranazi, Ndizachidziwikire kuti repo-wotuluka - ndi wosavuta ndi limagwirira bwino crediting. Lili ndi ubwino zambiri pa ochiritsira, kachitidwe zambiri powerenga, koma pali zina zovuta. Mmodzi wa iwo akhoza ankaona chiopsezo apamwamba, koma kufunika chochititsa manyazi kwambiri kusamutsa umwini zonse za chuma chilichonse. Pa ngati zitha kukwanitsa kupita makampani kwenikweni chachikulu.