Polyphylla: ofotokoza ndi malo

Marble kachilomboka - tizilombo ndi mkombero chitukuko yaitali, amapanga ofanana ndi May kachilomboka. Common ku Southern Europe, Ukraine ndi pang'ono mu Russia. Kazakhstan, Central Asia ndi Black Sea zone steppe ndi ofanana ndi kufanizira (m'maonekedwe ndi zizolowezi) - kachilomboka kachilomboka, zophimbidwa ndi mamba woyera. Mu Caucasus, kunyumba kwa Chikumbu July Caucasus.

Polyphylla: kufotokoza

A m'banja la scarab kachilomboka yodziwika mtundu wakuda zofiirira ndi miyeso mokwanira lalikulu (za 30-45 mm m'litali). Chinthu chapadera ndi elytra, mutu ndi pronotum ndi mawanga angapo yochitidwa, n'kupanga nsangalabwi chitsanzo. Pamimba pubescent, mu kuwala imvi. Forelegs - kukumba, 35 mm yaitali. Tinyanga brownish dzimbiri, crankshafts, zimakupiza woboola pakati yokhota kumapeto mawonekedwe, wopangidwa mwa 7 mace mbale. zazikazi zambiri wodzichepetsa, mbali 5 yochepa.

zikhalidwe za kukhalako

July Polyphylla misa limapezeka kumapeto kwa June, pamene achikhalire kutentha kuposa 10 ^° C masana kubisala mu zigawo chapamwamba nthaka, madzulo tizilombo izi kuuluka. Khalidwe la chakudya amakonda masamba mphesa, thundu, ndi masingano pine. Ndipo akazi ali wofooka; kuuluka mtunda waufupi makamaka amuna. M'mawa Polyphylla m'manda mu nthaka kapena akadali pa mtengo.

Amamuchitira monga tizilombo amakonda maola madzulo. Mazira, yodziwika ndi mtundu woyera ndi mawonekedwe elongated, akazi kutchera m'nthaka; fecundity wa munthu mmodzi - 50 mazira. M'mwezi wa mazira kuoneka woyera, mphutsi, kuyeza za 7.5 masentimita wandiweyani yokhota kumapeto thunthu m'litali ndi masentimita 1.5 m'lifupi. Mutu kuwala kofiira popanda maso. Mukhale pasanathe zaka zitatu, kuyembekezera yozizira m'nthaka pa akuya 1 mita. Ndi kubera masika adzauka mu zigawo chapamwamba, ndipo dikirani kunja kutentha kwambiri zigawo yozizira nthaka.

Kubwera atatu hibernation, theka lachiwiri la June larva akulowa siteji pupation; pupa kukula kwa 40 mm. Polyphylla ukuonekera pambuyo masabata 3. The shaded ndi malo ozizira larval nthawi chitukuko akhoza anawonjezera chaka china: mu siteji pupation lidzatero kudzera nyengo 4.

Larva Polyphylla: mopweteka

Wamkulu kachilomboka kachilomboka adya pang'ono, kotero kadinala sanaphedwe zomera amayambitsa. The tizirombo owopsa ndi mphutsi ake. Ngakhale mu gawo loyamba la m'badwo, iwo kudya humus ndi chomera mizu achinyamata. Mu nthawi yachiwiri kuwonongeka mizu ya mitengo ya zipatso ndi cuttings mphesa kuposa imfa ya mbewu. Mofunitsitsa kudya tubers mbatata, Beets, adyo, anyezi, kabichi, oilseed kugwiriridwa, chimanga. Anthu a m'badwo wachitatu mu kufanana kudya mizu ya mitengo wakale. chaka chatha kukula kwa mphutsi ndi wokhoza kudula mizu ya m'nkhalango achinyamata, komanso kudziluma pa muzu wa mtengo amphamvu.

Mutsogolerane ndi kukhazikika pa dothi osauka kumene zomera chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga adatchithisira kachilomboka mphutsi nsangalabwi amavutitsa kwambiri kuti kakwamba wamng'ono wa mpesa ndi mitengo ya zipatso. Nthawi zina kumawonjezera ntchito yake, pakalibe chinyontho m'nthaka. Koma nthawi zina pafupifupi (70%) chiwonongeko cha cuttings mphesa anabzala pa gombe Dnieper.

The njira zamoyo chitetezo

Nkhondo nsangalabwi kachilomboka mphutsi njira zingapo zimene makamaka anagwira limodzi ndi ena.

Izi njira zamoyo zomwe amagwiritsa adani Polyphylla, mu kugwazidwa makamaka (Scolia quadripunctata). Easy angadziwe mu nthaka larva wa mdani angathe (kulingalira wake pafupifupi mu mzere wolunjika) Komabe zanzi kubaya woberedwa, kenako amayikira dzira pamimba ake. Nthawi zina kuika mazira sangabereke, koma anakantha kubaya wovulalayo amwalira mulimonse. Aswa mphutsi Scola monga chakudya ntchito gulu larva - mtundu wa chakudya ikhazikike: kulephera kuyenda, koma ndi kufalitsa anapitiriza. Ndiye kutembenuka ndondomeko pa pupal ndi wamkulu tizilombo. aziphedwa Last timadzi tokoma wa maluwa ngati feverweed, anyezi mutu, Phacelia. Choncho, akatswiri amati m'madera okhudzidwa ndi ntchito zonyoza zimayenda mphutsi Polyphylla, chodzala zomera kuti kukopa tchipisi. Mitundu tikulimbikitsidwa kuti afesedwa kwa zaka zingapo, motero kuonetsetsa kupitiriza kwa ndondomeko chiwonongeko cha tizilombo lapansi.

The njira ya kulimbana

Pofuna kuteteza malo chikhalidwe Polyphylla analimbikitsa mankhwala a dongosolo muzu wa mbande ndi tizilombo. Zakhudzana nthaka chofunika mankhwala tikuona.

Polyphylla makamaka colonizes mbali forestless zambiri wopanda, m'madera kumene chofunika kupereka malo kachulukidwe waima. Mwatsopano kubzala kudula bwino kutenga nkhalango wamng'ono, ndipo clearings akale chofunika kuti kwambiri kulima dziko ndi oyamba yomweyi mankhwala. mitengo Accumulations Polyphylla kuchotsedwa njira ya mankhwala.