Pavel Tretyakov: yochepa mbiri. Gallery Pavla Mihaylovicha Tretyakova

Dziko wotchuka Tretyakov Gallery ndi lotseguka kwa alendo chaka chonse. Komabe, si onse ogwiritsa bwino mbiri ya chilengedwe chake, komanso mayina a anthu, chifukwa cha khama limene iye anaonekera.

ubwana Zakeo

Wambiri Pavla Tretyakova anayamba December 27, 1832. wokhometsa tsogolo anabadwa mu Moscow wamalonda banja. A chikoka chachikulu pa moyo wake anali ndi maphunziro olimba, Paulo ndi m'bale wake analandira kunyumba. Abale kuyambira ubwana pothandiza bambo ake kuntchito.

Kufuna kuthandiza, ndi kukuza malonda banja, anali amphamvu kwambiri kuti achinyamata Tretyakov chinkhoswe kupanga pepala - anakhala vlvdeltsami thonje mphero ndi chiwerengero cha anthu ogwira ntchito - anthu zikwi zisanu.

Chikondi cha kukongola

Pavel Mihaylovich Tretyakov ana aang'ono mwachibadwa anali wokoma mtima, kumvetsera, uthe. Koma kuphweka izi ndi kukoma mtima kwa mtima wake zogwirizana ndi lili ndi akatswiri weniweni malonda, luso kuonetsetsa Chofunika, opirira. Kuwonjezera pakati bizinesi yake (mtsogoleri fakitale), Pavel Tretyakov kutifotokozera amakonda zojambulajambula. Mnyamata akufuna chilichonse chinali kusonkhanitsa chopereka cha ntchito yabwino ya chi ndi kutentha lingaliro mpaka mapeto a moyo.

Kuyambira ntchito gulu, Tretyakov Pavel Mihaylovich ndendende kumvetsa mavuto izo amalimbana ndi kuunikira zovuta ntchito. Collection Collection kumupha nthawi yaitali. Chifukwa, kuwonjezera zowawa zake zojambula, Pavel Tretyakov ndi m'bale wake kuchita ntchito malonda, womwe ndi kasamalidwe fulakesi kupota mphero mu Kostroma ndi kugulitsa pepala ndi nsalu, zojambula sinali nthawi kwambiri. Koma Pavel Tretyakov zikugwira chifukwa chabwino si chifukwa chifukwa chazosowa zathu, kupambana, ulamuliro, ulemerero. Iwo anaipidwa ndi maganizo amenewa, ndi m'zonse anapewa aliyense nkhani zambiri kapena zochepa za Collectibles awo. nkhani wotchuka pamene, pambuyo laudatory Nkhani Stasova, omwe Mlembi anali effusive potamanda Pavel Mikhailovich m'ntchito zake wodzipereka Tretyakov pafupifupi anatsika kukhumudwa kudwala chifukwa cha zimenezi. Pambuyo zinachitikazi, Pavel anakakamizika mongoyembekezera kusiya Moscow. Pambuyo pake, wokhometsa kuchita nawo mwambo pa nthawi ya kusintha kwa Tretyakov Gallery mu chuma Moscow. Mtima kuti kutchuka akutsimikiza mmene munthu uyende anali Pavel Mihaylovich Tretyakov. Wambiri wokhometsa, ndithudi, simungathe koma kuwadzutsa kwabasi.

Yambani zosonkhanitsira

N'zovuta kunena chimodzimodzi amene anaika Pavel Tretyakov chidwi ndi zaluso, komabe m'mamawa ndithu kuti agonane kupenta. Little Paulo anali mwana kuyatsa mfundo yabwino kusonkhana chopereka chanu ndipo motero otsegula muno mwayi yokuthandizani kukhala ndi luso, kuphatikizapo anthu. maloto ake anakwaniritsidwa. Kale mu 1856 maziko a kusonkhanitsa wake. Chidwi kwambiri iye anali zosemasema Russian. Kwa nthawi yaitali Tretyakov anali kusonkhanitsa wake m'maofesi, ndipo mu 1874 anamanga lonse nyumba zapamwamba iye. Mu 1881 zomera linali lotsegula maulendo ufulu.

mapangidwe zomera

Ngakhale kugula ndi kulamula zithunzi zomera wake, Pavel Mihaylovich Tretyakov Pamilunguyo ndi kuwunikidwa chomwecho, monga mu china chirichonse. Ngakhale kudzaza m'nyumbayi anadwala khalidwe lake staid ndipo tisaledzere. Kugula zojambula, Pavel Tretyakov anali konse anafuna yothandiza zosonkhanitsira awo zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zodula kwambiri. Wokhometsa anali golide zikutanthauza.

Wokhometsa sanazengereze malonda ndi aluso. Ambiri mwa zojambula ndi utapezeka mwa Tretyakov pafupifupi mtengo. Cholinga chachikulu cha Pavel Mikhailovich nthawi ankasonkhana monga chopereka chachikulu cha ntchito zimene zimasonyeza woona dziko Russian luso.

Mtengo wa Tretyakov Gallery

Mbali yaikulu ya zomera ndi ntchito za kupenta Russian. Ambiri mwa zojambula anali zojambulidwa ndi ojambula zithunzi-Wanderers. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa zojambula, Pavel ankakonda chosema ndi mafano. Kuti akadzaze zosonkhanitsira wake, wokhometsa zambiri yotengedwa lonse mndandanda wa ntchito. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, Tretyakov anapezeka dziko ndi mayiko zisudzo ambiri, amene adagula pachithunzipa. Komanso, wokhometsa anafunsa ojambula zithunzi Russian kujambula kwa zomera wake mu dongosolo. Mwa zojambula zimenezi zithunzi ambiri kuphatikizapo atsogoleri otchuka Russian ndi olamulira, asayansi, olemba, oimba, zisudzo, ojambula zithunzi, mwachitsanzo, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, Nekrasov, Goncharova, Tchaikovsky ndi anthu ena otchuka.

Kuwonjezera zojambula, adagula ndi Pavlom Mihaylovichem Tretyakovym mu zisudzo kapena analamula kuchokera pamwamba pa nthawi aluso m'derali komanso ziboliboli ndi mafano, zosonkhanitsira m'gulu ntchito zimene anali amatengedwa ndi opulumutsidwa m'bale wake Pavel Sergeev. chopereka inkakhala ntchito za akatswiri French. Mpaka pakati pa zaka mazana makumi awiri tidakonzeka 84 ntchito ziri mu Tretyakov Gallery, kenako anatitumiza ku Hermitage ndi Pushkin Museum.

ntchito phindu

Mu 1892 Pavel Tretyakov anapita ku sitepe wowolowa manja ndipo anapereka zomera pamodzi ndi akutanthauza mu Moscow katundu. Pa nthawi imeneyi, zosonkhanitsira anali kale zithunzi zoposa zikwi. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo Gallery anapeza dzina boma City Art Gallery Tretyakov.

Makamaka kwambiri kuti mbiri Russian chikhalidwe n'chakuti pa nthawi ya kulengedwa kwa dziko luso zomera mu Russian ufumu unagawanika. Mwachidule, anali mu magawo ake zoyambirira. Ngakhale luso la anthu ogwira ntchito zapakhomo amakumana kaŵirikaŵiri wachibale, waukali kutsutsa ndi analidi chiyambi chabe cha chitukuko. Ndi ntchito Pavla Mihaylovicha Tretyakova kuloledwa dongosolo ntchito za sukulu mitundu kupenta pa zomera ndi kusiya ntchito kokha anasankha mwanjira kamvekedwe wa pofuna kukwaniritsa Russian zojambulidwa bwino.

Muzipereka kwa luso losiyanasiyana

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti ukalamba wokhometsa sanaleke kudzaza kwa zomera ndi ngakhale ndalama munthu chinaperekedwa kwa yokonza ake ndi kukula. Malinga ndi malipoti zosiyanasiyana, m'chaka cha Pavel kuthi zomera ndi ambiri ntchito yatsopano mwa iwo zojambula ndipo zithunzi. chikondi ntchito yake yogwira Pavel Tretyakov analimbitsa tanthauzo lonse la Tretyakov Gallery. Koma ntchitoyi luso la Pavel ikutha. Mu 1893 wokhometsa wakhala membala wa St. Petersburg Academy of Tirhana.

Gallery Pavla Mihaylovicha Tretyakova ndi lero amakonda kutchuka zapadera mwa alendo. Ichi chokha anatsindika kufunika chilengedwe chake.

cholowa chikhalidwe

Choncho, lingaliro Pavla Mihaylovicha Tretyakova kukhazikitsidwa kwa National Museum ndi zoona. Tretyakov Gallery ali woyamba ufulu kukaona zomera ndi. owonetsera zakale uyu wanyamula wofunika kwambiri kwambiri kwa mankhwala Russian. Ndi pa chotsatirachi kuyembekezera Pavel Tretyakov. Mwachidule, ndi zomera osati Chili zolengedwa olemba bwino a nyengo, komanso anakhala ngati chizindikiro ndi Chiongoko cha kutchukitsa tsogolo la chikhalidwe Russian.

Pa mbiri yake ya Tretyakov Gallery anakhala cholandirira ntchito yabwino kwambiri luso ngati ntchito ya Schilder, Khudyakov, Trutnev, Savrasov, Trutovsky, Bruni, Lagorio ndi Bryullov.

ulemu wapadera anasangalala connoisseur lalikulu la ntchito ya Wanderers. Pavlu Mihaylovichu Tretyakovu chidwi ndi moyo wawo zilandiridwenso wauzimu, zinapatsira ndi chikondi kwa dziko lakwawo, ku dziko la kwawo, ku Russia. Wokhometsa molondola, anatsimikiza mtima ndi maganizo ake titadziwa za kukongola mu chidzalo m'modzi mwa ntchito za ambuye izi. zojambula izi amafunitsitsa Pavel Mikhailovich mutu wa chilungamo akhudzidwa, kufuna choonadi ndi kutukuka. Osati kanthu kodi ntchito Peredvizhnik ali ndi malo kwambiri mu Tretyakov deta.

yonena Tretyakov a

Chifukwa cha udindo wolemekezeka, cholinga chachikulu, komanso chikhalidwe wapadera wa Tretyakov anali ndi anzako wabwino ndi anzawo mwa aluso. Atsogoleri ambiri pa kufuna kwawo amapereka thandizo ndi chilimbikitso mu kulengedwa kwa Tretyakov Gallery. Pavel Mikhailovich amakondedwa kwambiri ndi wolemekezeka chilengedwe. Ngakhale mwa okolola ena Tretyakov anapereka kanjedza ndi kuphatikizapo woyamba anatilola kusankha pakati pa zolengedwa olembedwa a zojambula kwa owonetsera zakale wake. amisiri onse anali pa kumva Pavel Tretyakov. Mwachidule yonena za wokhometsa monenetsa okha kuti, kuwonjezera pa ntchito yake yolemekezeka kwambiri, ndipo anali ndi kutchuka kwambiri pakati aluso. Choncho, Volnukhin analemba chithunzi wake wa wokhometsa lapansi.

ntchito panja

Pavel Tretyakov kucheza ndi ojambula zithunzi zambiri ndipo ambiri a iwo yokonzedwa. Pakati Chiwerengerochi - Kramskoy, Perov, Vasiliev ndi ndiAmene zina zambiri. Koma chikondi ichi wokhometsa sikuthetsa kumeneko. Pavel amachirikiza sukulu wapadera wogontha anthu ndalama kuthandiza akazi amasiye aluso osauka, komanso ana awo. Iye ngakhale nawo kukonza malo ogona. ntchito limeneli likusonyeza mmene yotakata malingaliro wogwidwa Pavel Tretyakov. Wambiri wokhometsa wopanga kuganiza kukoma ngati njira ya moyo amazipanga wopatsa munthu.

zikayenda wokhometsa

Tretyakov Pavel Mihaylovich ndinapita ku mbiriyakale Russian ndi ngwazi, amene wachita zambiri kwawo ndi kulemera kwake. Komanso, ofufuza ambiri kufotokoza iye monga patriot woona wa dziko lake. Kumene, ndi zovuta kutsutsana. Ndipotu, cholinga cha Pavel Mikhailovich anali kusonkhanitsa mmene ndingathere ndi mndandanda wa ntchito Russian, kuti achulukane ndi kusonyeza ulemerero wake onse Russian Fund of Wabwino Tirhana. Komanso, Tretyakov anali alibiretu maphunziro luso, koma mosaphonyetsa kusankha zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho yabwino zomera ndi. Wambiri Tretyakova Pavla Mihaylovicha chitsanzo chabwino cha momwe mukhoza kuchita kwa dziko lanu.