Paracel Islands otchuka chiyani? chithunzi

The South China Sea ndi dziwe limodzi kwa zilumba zambiri ndi dziko chokhala mu East ndi Asia South-East. Iwo amasiyana kukula ndiponso ndi nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Zofunika kwenikweni Paracel Islands, chithunzi umene anapereka m'munsimu. Kenako m'nkhani ikulongosola za m'madera amenewa. Komanso anatuluka monga wotchuka Islands Paracel.

malo

Paracel Islands ndi dera lopanda anthu, chomwe ndi madera dziko ndi miyala yaing'ono. Iwo zili 230 Km from kum'mwera kwa China, ndipo makilomita 200 kuchokera kum'mawa kwa Vietnam. Madera akuluakulu omwe ali ndi Islands Paracel ali pafupi. Patlakh za. Lincoln. komanso za kukhala mu masanjidwe awo. Triton ndi Islands Crescent. Paracel Islands, tchuti omwe si monga otchuka monga m'madera ena ofanana ndi unquestionable kufunika njira.

mikangano

Mu 1974, China atalanda Islands Paracel. Pankhaniyi, lamanja la masiku ano adatsutsana Vietnam ndi ku Republic of China. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1975, North ndi South Vietnam zinalumikizana. Izi zinachitika pambuyo pankhondo. Pa nthawi imeneyo, South Vietnam, anakhalabe opanda thandizo US, analephera kupitiriza nkhondo. Pambuyo reunification la Vietnam anataya Islands Paracel.

Spratly Islands. malo

zilumba izi zilumba za South China Sea, amene wapangidwa ndi oposa zana zilumba zazing'ono, zilumba zimenezi zili, miyala, ndipo zili mu gawo kum'mwera kumadzulo. Malo okwana chilumbachi ndi za 5 makilomita lalikulu.

Kufunika kwa States

Likhale cholowa mwa zilumba akuvutika mayiko asanu basi. Zikuphatikizapo Vietnam, China, Malaysia, ndi Philippines, Brunei ndipo Taiwan. Ngakhale malo aang'ono, zilumba n'kofunika kwambiri inati izi. Analipo pa dera la mafuta ndi gasi madipoziti, kumene yambiri. Chifukwa chosowa wokhala anthu, iwo ntchito monga malo nsomba. Pafupi makumi asanu pa zilumba wotanganidwa ndi magulu ankhondo mu Vietnam, Malaysia, ndi Philippines, China ndi Taiwan. Ngakhale kuti dera alibe madoko ndi madoko, iwo ali ndege zinayi.

Kuwerengera

Mu 1529 zilumba Spratly anakhala gawo la Spain (by Pangano la Zaragoza). Mu chaka cha 1898 anayamba a United States poyamba, ndiyeno - kwa Philippines. Iwo certifies Pangano la Paris. Mu 1927, sitima French zinachitikadi kuphunzira zilumba. Patatha zaka zitatu, ndi ulendo wachiwiri kunachitidwa ndi boma chomwecho, chifukwa cha amene anaukitsa woyera mbendera ya France. Patapita zaka ziwiri, memorandum linatumizidwa ulamuliro French a China, imene ulamuliro wa zilumba Spratly mwa kungoona kutanthauzira Chinese ya mgwirizano. Iye anamangidwa pambuyo pa nkhondo pakati France ndi China. Mu 1933 iye anali atayamba kulamulira ena a zilumba waukulu la zombo atatu. Pankhaniyi, dera ankaona gawo French. Japan Komabe, anatchula kukhalako kwa zilumba za migodi ake mankwala, potero kukayikira ulamuliro. zoyesayesa apangidwa pa mfundo imeneyi kutenga gawo pa ulamuliro wa Japanese, koma France ndi United Ufumu atapereka kuukira za izi. Mu 1941, Japan anapangidwa utakhala wa chisumbucho, ulamuliro umene anali anakhalabe mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Pambuyo pake, France ndi China kamodzinso anakoloweka kunena kuti gawo, ndipo China anatumiza ku chimadalira asilikali. Mu 1982, panali kugwirizana Kupititsa ku zilumba m'chigawo Fukhan adakali m'madera ena wotanganidwa Philippines. Patapita chaka chimodzi, boma la Malaysia wamangidwa pa. Layang-Layang panyanja m'munsi ndi achisangalalo anatsegula chisanafike agwilitse gawo. Mu 1988, panali nkhondo pakati pa asilikali a China ndi Vietnam, koma China anapambana, ndipo anapitiriza kulamulira deralo. Mu 1995 anayamba kukambirana kwambiri limati awiri awa, mutu umene unali chitukuko cha okwana chuma chopanda pa zilumba. Mu 2004, pa malo madzi a zilumba za Philippines anawomberedwa ndege. Vietnam kumanga bwalo la ndege, chotero kuwonjezera kukhalapo kwake alendo. Ndipo chaka chamawa pambuyo analengeza ulamuliro Vietnamese pa Islands Spratly.

Kukangana China ndi Vietnam

Paracel Islands mu Hainan si yekha chopunthwitsa pakati China ndi Vietnam. Pali mikangano yokhudza malire dziko. Mu 1979, pambuyo achire wa asilikali Chinese kuchokera kumpoto Vietnam, China wakhala anatha kupeza kufalikira ku madera ena a dziko. China ali madipoziti chapadera cha chimasanduka, koma anthu zosiyanasiyana chimachititsa anthu oposa 1 biliyoni. Ndithudi, iye anali momvetsa chisoni kuwona momwe mayiko ena chochepa ndalama apindulira pa kupanga mafuta. Vietnam, nayenso, sanafune kuitana China kutenga nawo mbali pa chitukuko cha madipoziti ake. Mawailesi wake anafalitsa nkhani zosonyeza kukonda amene amatchula chitetezo amunamuna a Islands Spratly ndi chizolowezi wawo. China kwenikweni ndiyembekezera malo awa kupeza iwo zapansi zawo za panyanja.

mapangano a mtendere

Monga mbali ya malamulo a nkhani, Vietnam ndipo China ayenera kutsatira panganoli UN, omwe anavomerezedwa mu 1982. Muyeneranso kuganizira ASEAN Declaration anavomera mu 2002, akamanena za chimene chili kusamvana mtendere nkhondo mu South China Sea. Komanso, pali zinthu zina khalidwe lonse. Zingatanthauze kuti ali kulongosolerana, koma kusokoneza zinthu zambiri. Mayiko kuzindikira anasangalala pangano Geneva pa Vietnam, omwe anatengedwa mu 1954. Malinga ndi zotsatira zawo mayiko awiri unakhazikitsidwa: Vietnam ndi Republic of Vietnam. Yotsirizira a Islands Paracel ndi Spratly zilumba.

mutu mbiri

China amalamula kuti angakhalemo zilumba zonse mu South China Sea. boma amatanthauza 1958, pamene Pham Van Dong, nthawi Nduna ya Vietnam, China anavomereza kuti ufulu umenewu. Komabe, mfundo imeneyi si zoopsa, ngakhale kwambiri ndithu. mawu sanachite Purezidenti wa Vietnam, ndicho, iye anapatsidwa mphamvu zimenezi. Choncho, bukuli sangatengedwe kukhala monga mgwirizano. Komanso, pomwe mbiri kudera ili zimavuta kwambiri chifukwa cha malo akutali ndi kusowa zochita za anthu pa izo kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, zolembedwa za Maulendo oyendetsa ku Vietnam ku zilumba zimenezi akadali anapulumutsidwa. Kuchokera pa iwo, tikhoza kupanga ulendo pachaka kwa archipelagos zolinga zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kukhalako kwa Mafumu Nguyen. China, Mosiyana, alibe umboni wa navigation wake. Kupatulapo ndi ntchito zilumba ndi achifwamba monga nyumba. Kuti China, kupatulapo ntchito Pham Van Dong, pali mtsutso wina kuti olemba mbiri yakale kutsimikizira kuti iwo sanali achifwamba, ndi mtendere oyendetsa Chinese. Relations pakati Vietnam ndipo China ndi khalidwe spasmodic. Iwo mkangano, ndiye kachiwiri okhazikika. Komanso, China akuthamangitsa si kanthu wochezeka, yomwe ikukhudzana sitima Vietnamese. Chitsanzo ndi odulidwa chingwe Vietnam hydrographic chotengera, amene anagwira ntchito reconnaissance mu South China Sea. Motero chinachitika mu 2011.