Ndi mgwirizano Geneva pa Ukraine ndi zimene zikhalidwe alembedwa mu malemba a Geneva mapangano a April 17 2014 chiyani?

Musanawerenge mapangano a Geneva, ife titembenukira kwa mbiri. ndi mavuto kuti chikanachitika mu Ukraine chiyani?

prehistory

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, Ukraine, monga maiko ena a danga Western CIS unachitika limakambanso za kusakanikirana zotheka mu Europe. Choyamba amaona kuti kusaina mgwilizano zachuma ndi European Union. Ankayenera kuti Ndisainira pulezidenti Viktor Yanukovych mu November ku Vilnius. Koma izi sizinachitike. Poyankha, apakati wa Kiev anayamba kusonkhanitsa anthu a kusakanikirana European, ndi cholinga kulimbikitsa boma kukhonda kusaina mgwirizano. Choncho, zionetsero pabwalopo, ndipo ali atolankhani dzina "euromaidan".

zokhumba d'etat

Popeza January 2014 zionetsero amene boma sakanakhoza kupirira, ayamba mwachangu amafuna yosiya wa pulezidenti. The zipolowe kunakulirakulira ankamenyana ndi apolisi ndi Special mphamvu, kuteteza nyumba pagulu. 22 February Pulezidenti wa "mbisoweka" ndipo kenako zimaonekeratu kuti anathawira ku Russia. Rada yoikidwiratu akuchita pulezidenti mpaka chisankho watsopano. Izo ziyenera kuti zochitika izi zonse limodzi ndi amaganiza Russophobic, chifukwa Russia safuna zimene Ukraine ndi kusakanikirana European. Pa nthawi yomweyo kunayambitsa funso la chinenero, m'njira yakuti chiletso m'madera Russian. Zinali zotheka kuti tisangalale ndi kukondwera. Koma mwadzidzidzi mawu akadandaule m'madera kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa, komabe chete. Chifukwa cha Crimea secede ku Ukraine ndipo nthawi yomweyo anakhala gawo la Russia, ndi kum'mawa panali gulu kuti federalization.

Ulendo wa mayiko kuthetsa mavuto Chiyukireniya

Pangano Geneva pa Ukraine anafika poyankha kukula centrifugal kuyenda mu Donetsk ndi zigawo Lugansk, limodzi ndi ena zigawo kum'mawa ndi kum'mwera. Kumadzulo, tinapitiriza kukwiya ngakhale analawira ku boma Chiyukireniya, mphamvu ya dziko, ndi kum'mawa anayamba kupanga asilikali ndi anthu amene ankafuna kuti asanene chifuniro cha anthu "Maidan", mozemba wopereka kulanda boma. Nthawi zambiri zinthu zimenezi yodziwika ndi lingaliro limodzi - "nkhondo yapachiweniweni singaimitse ntchitoyi". Mu zinthu izi, anthu padziko lonse akhoza kuchotsedwa pa akungoonerera. Geneva mapangano mu mawonekedwe imene anali walemba, kodi kwenikweni kuthetsa mikangano, koma vuto linali lakuti Gulu lililonse m'njira yakeyake kumvetsa akamanena za dongosolo.

Njira zothetsera mavuto dziko

Ponena za gwero pachiyambi, akufotokoza pangano Geneva pa Ukraine. M'malemba, yolembedwa ndi magulu anayi nkhani (Russia, ndi United States, bungwe la European Union ndi Ukraine), angapezeke mu malo ambiri TV mosavuta.

• Choyamba, izo ankalimbikitsa mfundo za kupewa chiwawa ndi magulu onse mkangano. Si mochedwa pambuyo pa zonse zimene zachitika?
• Kachiwiri, panali inadmissibility cha mtundu uliwonse monyanyira: mafuko, mitundu kapena zipembedzo. Makamaka Kwalamulidwa odana Semitism. Kumene, monga popanda kutchula kwa nthawi zonse kukhumudwa!
• Nezakonnovooruzhennyh Kusiya a magulu onse ndi kumasulidwa kwa nyumba azigwira. Ine makamaka ndikufuna kudziwa kuti pangano Geneva mu 2014 kuti magulu onse ankhondo, kaya lathu ndale ndi nthawi zida zankhondo, kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa.
• Pafupifupi onse anagwira pansi zida zawo analonjeza Amnesty. Kupatulapo chinali chabe vinyo chomwe woyeneradi chilango chachikulu. Kachiwiri, ndi chiphunzitso chidwi. Amene, pamene ndipo kodi malamulo adzathetsa nkhani ya chilango cha imfa?
• Oonetsetsa wa bungwe la chitetezo ndi Cooperation mu Europe ndi US ndi Russia adzatumizidwa ku Ukraine kuthandiza akuluakulu ndi monga intermediaries mu zokambirana.

ndikuyembekeza

Chiyukireniya akuluakulu yomweyo pambuyo kusaina mapangano analengeza chiyambi cha kuphedwa awo. Koma Kiev boma chifukwa ena, lemba la mapangano ndi kutanthauziridwa mosiyana. Mu neno, Utumiki okhonda ananena pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mkhalidwe okha kum'mawa ndi kunyalanyaza pamaso pa magulu oletsedwa zida mu West. Choncho onse a zonsezi ikukhudzana kwa Donbas ndi Luhansk. Kulumbira zokambirana onse yoyamba nkhani younikanso lamulo la malamulo, kufanizira ndi siyana mphamvu, nduna posakhalitsa anasiya lingaliro. Komanso, kusonyeza kudzipereka boma njira mtendere mavuto, malamulo kusodza Amnesty zinakonzedwa. Kodi zinthu ziyembekezo, amene trumpeted atolankhani, izo zasonyeza.

mapangano Insolvency

Kale basi sabata, zinadziwika kuti Geneva chipangano cha 17 April untenable. ndi chifukwa chiyani? media ambiri European ankakonda kunena kuti vutoli mu "zigawenga ndi zigawenga" zigawo kum'mawa, amene sindikufuna n'kutsamira zida zawo ndi kuti Russia kuthandiza nkhondo. Kodi kwenikweni? Kuti sakukwanitsa kufotokoza malo ake pa kukhala ndi zigawo kudziletsa kum'mawa. Kuti ndi Geneva pangano yolembedwa ndi nthumwi Russian - uyu si udindo zodziwika bwino. About "aziphunzitso" kum'mawa, inu mukhoza kunena mfundo zotsatirazi. Inde, atsogoleri a Lugansk ndi Donetsk, kuchititsa zokambirana ndi abuluzi wa OSCE ntchito anakana kugona pansi zida zawo. Izi kukuwa TV, wailesi ndi atolankhani. Koma palibe amene akufunsa funso: chifukwa? Mwina chifukwa cha m'dera la Ukraine anakwera mabasi ndi anthu onyamula zida a boma latsopano, kuti amuthandize kubwezeretsa "oyendetsera dziko" kuti iwo anaphwanya woyamba ndi okha? Ndipo palibe amene ankanena za demilitarization. Mwina chifukwa cha Maidan kanthu anatsimikizira kuti palibe malamulo ndi makonzedwe iye sanatero lamulo?

Udindo wa Russia

andale Western zikuchititsa kuti kusokoneza zinthu ku Ukraine, Russia. Iye, iwo amati, samafuna dziko ku dziko loyandikana nalo. Oimira Russia, akatswiri asayansi ndale amanena kuti chigamulocho mtendere mkangano N'zosatheka prerequisites awiri: loyamba, federalization ya Ukraine, ndipo kachiwiri, kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo zinenero, amene adzakupatsani malo a chinenero boma Russian. zonsezi adzateteza Chirasha anthu, amene safuna kumvera oletsedwa Kiev boma ndi kukhala akapolo njira wake opyola malire.

referendum

kanthu Political a chinthu chilichonse akhoza kukhala achilungamo ndi wapathengo. Chiwerengero cha kum'mawa anaganiza kukachititsa referendum pa udindo wa dera lawo kuti legetimizirovat zinthu zina pamodzi m'dera njira chipangizo. Koma Kiev kale chisankhocho, ananena lamulo mfundo - achinyengo ndi zosagwirizana ndi ufulu wa anthu. Mu zikhalidwe za kukula wotsutsana ndi utsogoleri wa zigawo Donetsk ndi Lugansk akadali anaganiza kuvota. May 11 anatsegula zinthu voti. Oponya mavoti turnout anali kuposa mu masankho a zaka zam'mbuyo. Ambiri anakuvoterani ufulu wa Donetsk ndi Lugansk mayiko ndi anafunsidwa kuti Russia. Tikumbukenso kuti chisankhocho unachitikira mavuto a nkhondo asilikali, zotsatira zake ndi zofunika kukambirana. Nanga n'chifukwa mu nthawi ya mtendere saloledwa chumacho, ndipo anali kuyesera kuti derail? Kuyambira pamenepo Ukraine Geneva pangano potsiriza aiwala napeza ambiri zifukwa kupitiriza "ntchito odana ndi zigawenga". Ndipo angati zigawenga mu Ukraine?

Muzochitika mu July 2014

Patatha milungu iwiri zapita chisankho cha Pulezidenti wa Ukraine pa m'gawo lake lonse. Iwo akhoza kukhala chiyambi chatsopano cha dziko la mtendere ndi mgwirizano. Chigonjetso apambana Petro Poroshenko. Koma kuwonjezera kuti mwazi sanasiye - Chatenga latsopano, zikuluzikulu patsogolo. Eksodo ya anthu wamba mu Russia, zikwizikwi anafa pa mbali. Mu June, pa tsiku la makumi awiri a tsiku khumi unakhalapo ndi ceasefire lolembedwa ndi kum'mawa kwa dziko. Koma mu July oyambirira, nkhondo anapitiriza chathunthu. Ndipo wina ndi mnzake mbali nkhani za kufunitsitsa kukambirana, koma kupitiriza kuwombera ndi kuphana mbodzi na mbodzi. ndi mgwirizano Geneva pa mfundo imeneyi? Iyi ndi nkhani, kuyesa osalimba kupewa ovulala, omwe sanayambe kwambiri amaonekera andale. Kuyambira pachiyambi, chinali unsaid kwambiri, kusemphana zambiri. Vomerezani mabungwe akuzisunga pofuna anapangidwa. Koma nkhondo umapititita, ndi pamene ndi zimene zimachitikira - palibe amene anganene.