Pamene anatulukira Russian matryoshka rounder Basil Zvezdochkin? Russian kukaikira mazira zidole: nkhani ana

Mwina munthu padziko lapansi, amene kamodzi pa moyo wanga ndinawona yaing'ono, plump, utoto mitundu yowala chidole. Kumene, tikulankhula za Russian Matryoshka. Paokha ndi zabwino kwambiri kuti ngakhale alendo kubwera ku Russia, ankaona kuvomerezedwa matryoshka kachikumbutso. zosangalatsa zabwino ndi nkhope kuzungulira ndi kumwetulira, kaya maganizo. Koma anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti si anthu chidole. Ndipo pamene adadza ndi Russian Mathithiŵa chidole mmisiri Vasilii Zvezdochkin - pafupifupi munthu wina azindikira.

akutukuka mlengi

Ndipo osangalala malyshnya pamene anatenga chozizwitsa matabwa! Ana kumakhalanso osati chidole, komanso mtundu wa mlengi. Inde, chifukwa makhalidwe ake matryoshka Russian wowerengeka aziganizira ana.

Chinsinsi chake chagona pa dongosolo lake. Popeza kuti chidole ichi - collapsible. Amakhala ndi magawo awiri, amene disconnecting, mudzaona mkati yeniyeni plump imodzi, ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi zina "oyeserera" Pali ambiri momwe 48 zidutswa! Munthu angathe Timasangalala ana pamene anapeza chuma choterocho - kwambiri a zidole kakang'ono.

Komanso, malinga ndi akatswiri, mawonekedwe a kapezedwe amaphunzitsa luntha la mwana, kusonyeza iye kuti zonse kumachititsa kuti moyo ang'onoang'ono lalikulu ndi mosemphanitsa.

Luso ndi finesse

Akuluakulu amakhudza kutembenukira kudziŵa ndi luso ntchito, makamaka zidole ndi ZOWONJEZERA lalikulu. Ndipotu, wamng'ono Russian kukaikira mazira chidole (zithunzi zomwe aloŵe nafe moyo lonse) nthawi zina si upambana kutalika kwa millimeters ochepa. Ngakhale zili choncho, penti ndi dzanja. Mu njira yomweyo lalikulu.

Ngakhale kuphweka ndi zidole wodzichepetsa, mwamsanga pamene inu izo mu dzanja, mumaona kuti muli ndi mbali ya Russian ethnos wakale. Choona chidwi n'chakuti anatulukira ndipo anapanga chidole posachedwapa. Ngakhale mbiri yakale zimawavuta kuuza pamene Russian kukaikira mazira chidole mmisiri anatulukira Basil Zvezdochkin, inapeza ndendende zimene anachita chozizwitsa mu 90 ntchentche za m'ma XIX.

Nthano za nkhani chiyambi

Mbiri ya zidole Russian kukaikira mazira, malinga ndi Baibulo wamba, unayamba mu situdiyo-shopu "Education Ana", m'manja mwa banja la A. I. Mamontova (m'bale wa industrialist dziko wotchuka wofuna kuthandiza Savva Mamontov). Pali nthano monga zomwe, mkazi Anatoliya Mamontova anabweretsa ku Japan kumene iye anayenda kwa nthawi yaitali, zodabwitsa kanthu chithunzi cha mulungu Japanese Fukorokodzyu. Mu Russia umatchedwa Fukuruma. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mawu a chinenero Japanese kulibe, ndipo, nthawi zambiri, Fukuruma dzina - ichi ndi Russian mabuku a dzina la mulungu Japanese. Action chithunzi anali ndi chidwi chinsinsi. Iwo unagawidwa mu amachepetsa awiri, ndipo mkati mwake anali yafupika buku, komanso ongokhala magawo awiri.

co-analembadi

Wokongola fano chidwi wotchuka modernist zojambulajambula SERGEY Malyutin. Akutama chidwi, Mwadzidzidzi moto Malyutin chidwi lingaliro. Kukhazikitsa izo, anasolola Turner Vasily Petrovich Zvezdochkin, kumtundu matoyi. Malutin anafunsa kuti yaing'ono matabwa mbuye chimbale, limene mphindi. Kudutsa chimbale m'manja a chithunzicho, Turner sanamvetse tanthauzo la ntchito. Mosataya nthawi, Malyutin, kusankha utoto, utoto matabwa brusochek nazo.

Kodi sizodabwitsa Zvedochkina ataona kuti akatero pang'ono plump mtsikana m'mphawi sundress yosavuta ndi tambala mu dzanja lake. Mpheroyi amachepetsa awiri mwa amene anali namwali yemweyo, koma ang'onoang'ono. Okwana panali atatu a iwo, ndipo aliyense wa iwo anali atagwira chinthu china. Panali ndi zenga nyengo yokolola, ndi dengu, ndi mtsuko. N'zochititsa chidwi chithunzi yamasika ankaimira mwana kwambiri wamba.

Komabe, biographers, olemba mbiri amene anaphunzira Malyutina ntchito ndithu amakayikira nthano lokongolali. Russian zidole kukaikira mazira, zithunzi zomwe (osachepera sketchily) sapezeka zotsatira za mmisiri, sizingakhale kuti anatulukira kwa wachiwiri. Ndipo kulankhulana ndi Turner zofunika zina zachidule ndi zojambula.

Chifukwa matryoshka chidole dzina lake

Azambiriyakale pafupifupi anagwirizana amanena kuti dzina Matrona - ambiri ku midzi ya malemu XIX m'ma Russia. N'zotheka kuti anali chinachititsa olemba zidole. Ndipo apa pali lingaliro lina: pamene anatulukira Russian kukaikira mazira chidole, dzina lake amachokera ku mawu "matron", mwachitsanzo, mayi wa banja lalikulu ... Akuti mwa njira imeneyi ndiAmene wa chidole akanati kutsindika bata ndi mtima anatulukira wake. Iwo anam'patsa wofatsa kwambiri ndi wachifundo dzina.

Ndipo Baibulo lina

Sam Turner matoyi amanena kuti poyamba Russian chidole kukaikira mazira opangidwa ndi kujambula wa magazini ina. Iye kumwa "akufa" chithunzi (ndiko kuti, sanali anafotokoza). Chidole yaitali ankawoneka ngati sisitere, ndipo iye anayang'ana oseketsa. Kupanga chithunzi, mbuye anapatsa kwa ojambula zithunzi kupenta. Baibulo limeneli angathe kutumikira monga poyankha funso pamene anatulukira Russian matryoshka rounder Basil Zvezdochkin.

Komabe, zikuoneka kuti chithunzi makamaka zojambulidwa ndi Sergei Malyutin. Chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyo, iye anagwira ntchito limodzi ndi kusindikiza nyumba Mamontov ndi kuchita mafanizo mabuku ana. M'mawu ena, amuna awiri panthawi ina pafupi kwambiri kwa wina ndi mzake. Komabe molondola lomwe anabwera ndi Russian Mathithiŵa chidole mmisiri Vasilii Zvezdochkin, koma ayi. Koma tikudziwa kuti chidole ali mizu wakale.

Monga Zidole kuvala mtsinje

Mammoth ankakonda lingaliro la lopinda chidole, ndi Abramtsevo, kumene sitolo yake yaikulu posachedwa kuŵeta wakhazikitsidwa. Photo Russian kukaikira mazira zidole zimatsimikizira kuti prototypes woyamba wa kanjedza kungomanga anali m'malo wodzichepetsa. Atsikana "atavala" mu m'mphawi kavalidwe yosavuta, palibe kusiyana amasangalatsa wapadera. M'kupita kwa nthawi, dongosolo amenewa chikuvuta ndi m'tsogolo.

Anasintha ndipo chiwerengero cha kanjedza zinapeza malo okhala. Mpesa chithunzi Russian kukaikira mazira zidole zikutisonyeza kuti m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri ankaona yopanga muyezo wa zidole 24 mpando, ndipo nthawi yapadera ndi 48 m'deralo. Mu 1900, chaka anatseka msonkhano "Education Ana" Komabe, yopanga zidole sasiya. Chimayenda kuti Sergiev Posad, makilomita 80 kumpoto kwa Moscow.

Kodi pali tanthauzo lenileni mu mawonekedwe a zidole Mathithiŵa

Pamene tikuganizira za zinachitika zotheka, umene unayamba ndi mbiri ya zidole Russian kukaikira mazira, ndiye muyenera kubwerera kwa chithunzi cha mulungu Japanese Fukurokudzyu. ndi mulungu izi zimene nthano Japanese? The anzeru ankakhulupirira kuti munthu ali mitembo isanu: thupi, etheric, astral, danga, Nirvana, maganizo ndi chauzimu. Komanso, aliyense wa thupi anali mulungu yake. Kuchokera pa mfundo imeneyi, osadziwika Japanese wamanga anachita thupi lake ndi "seveni seater."

Zikuoneka kuti kufanana wathunthu anatidziŵa zitsanzo ndi chithunzi Russian zidole? Ndithudi, m'malo ngati zolinga amenewa anachokera Zvezdochkin yekha ndi ojambula zithunzi zina, popanga chidole yochititsa chidwiyi? Mwina iwo anafuna kusonyeza ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana za akazi miyambo Russian, imene onse ntchito pa phewa?

Wokwanira kukumbukira zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti akugwira lililonse matryoshka Russian. History ana zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri. Koma Baibulo ili ndi chodziwikiratu. Chifukwa mbuye yekha Zvezdochkin konse mu moyo wanga sanali kukumbukira milungu ina Japanese, makamaka ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana. Chabwino izo ziribe kumasukirana ndi zinachitika Japanese kwa wotsatira lalikulu "kukaikira mazira" zidole Russian. Chiwerengero cha zidole mkati amayezedwa makumi. Kotero nkhani ya banja la matupi Japanese mulungu - mwina chabe nthano wokongola.

Shaolin mmonke ndi matryoshka

Ndipo komabe, mu nthano kum'mawa, pali khalidwe lina, yemwe mbadwa wandzakhala Russian kukaikira mazira chidole. Nkhani ana ndi umafuna kuti ayanjane ndi mmonke Daruma. Izi analogous kuti khalidwe odziwika a Bodhidharma Chinese folklore - woyambitsa wa wotchuka Shaolin Temple.

Malinga wakale nthano Japanese, Daruma anaganiza kukwaniritsa ungwiro mozama. Kwa zaka 9, iye anayang'ana pa khoma, maso ake, koma ndinazindikira kuti basi akugona. Ndiyeno Daruma kudula ndi mpeni zikope zake ndi kuwaponya panthaka. Ndipo patapita kanthawi, mmonke kuchokera yaitali akhala mu malo amodzi kwa manja dzanzi ndi mapazi. N'chifukwa chake kanjedza ndi fano lake anachita armless ndi legless.

Komabe, kungoganizira wa zosayembekezereka ya Russian chidole m'chifanizo cha Daruma ungwiro kwambiri. chifukwa lili padziko. Mfundo ndi kuti chidole Daruma si lopinda, ndipo ngati zidole wathu. Choncho, ngakhale tikuona kuti miyambo ngati imeneyi, mbiri za chiyambi cha zonse zidole ndi zosiyana.

Nenani cholakalaka kumukhulupirira matryoshka

An nthano chidwi amagwirizana ndi maso a Daruma. Iwo kawirikawiri zitawonetseredwa pa chidole ioneka ndi opanda ana. The Japanese kugula katundu Chiwerengerochi ndi kupanga chikwaniritsidwe, ndi zidzachitika ndithu. Mu ichi penti chophiphiritsa wina diso. Patapita chaka, ngati chilakolako yakwanira chidole cha "kutsegula" ndi diso chachiwiri. Apo ayi, zimakwana chabe amatanthauza kachisi, kumene iwo anabweretsa.

N'chifukwa chiyani chidwi kwambiri ndi chikhulupiriro wakale Japanese? Yankho lake ndi losavuta. Osati kokha kuti chithunzi Russian kukaikira mazira chidole akutionetsa kufanana komanso ndi mwambo miyambo ofanana. Amakhulupirira kuti ngati inu anaika cholembedwa mkati chidole ndi chikhumbo, adzabwera woona.

Ndipotu ina chidwi ndi khalidwe la cholakalaka-kukwaniritsidwa zimadalira zovuta Zidole luso. Zoposa "kukaikira mazira" ali zinapeza malo okhala chidole, ndi madokotala amphamvu ndi utoto mitundu yowala bwino mwayi kulandira chamkati zagadannoy.

Ndipo komabe ...

Mwa njira, mbiri ya chidole collapsible akulimba ndendende mu Russian zapitazi. Ngakhale mu Russia wakale izo kudziwika kwa otchedwa mazira Isitala - zaluso utoto mazira Isitala ndi mtengo. Nthawi zina anapanga dzenje mkati kuikidwa ang'onoang'ono dzira. Zikuoneka kuti Mazira anakhala makhalidwe chofunika kwambiri pa nkhani Russian wowerengeka kumene imfa Kashchei kwenikweni mu dzira, dzira bakha, ndi zina zotero.

Ndi chachilendo kuzindikira kuti Russian kukaikira mazira zidole, zithunzi zimene zili m'nkhani ino, izo waphimbika mu nthano ambiri za chiyambi chake. Komabe, izi ndi zoona. Amene kamodzinso zimatsimikizira kuti amene anachita matryoshka ndi chirichonse chimene chimatsogoleredwa pa nthawi yomweyo, munthu (kapena gulu la ojambula) akhoza kuvulaza anthu ndi moyo. Ndipotu, kokha kwambiri ndipo nthawi zonse khutu, ndi wokhala ndi mfundo zina zambiri lowoneka bwino. Russian kukaikira mazira zidole - alendo amene anasangalatsa akuluakulu ndi ana omwe. Ndi zoona.

owonetsera zakale zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho

Mu Sergiev Posad matoyi Museum bungwe. Pali zinthu zina, poyera ndipo mwina ndi chidole choyamba. Amene utoto sundress zokongola ndi tambala mu dzanja lake. .. Mu izo, ZOWONJEZERA zisanu ndi ziwiri, ie, chidole ichi onse Aft: pamwamba mtsikana, alongo atatu, m'bale ndi alongo atatu ndi Kamwana, mwana. Russian Matryoshka Museum komanso bungwe mu Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, mu Kalyazin ndi zina zotero. D.

Koma zidole kukaikira mazira ndi wotchuka kuti kapangidwe ano Tingaone osati mtsikana-kukongola. chidwi kwambiri m'nkhaniyi tione zojambula, andale ndi mitundu yonse ya zinyama, wopangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a chidole collapsible.

Nthawi ananena kuti chidole woyambayo anali 7 ZOWONJEZERA. Ngakhale Zvezdochkin ankati kukaikira mazira zidole zopangidwa three- ndi zisanu seater. Ambiri, zikuonekeratu kuti talephera choonadi. Tidzakhala mokondwera kuganizira oonetsa m'mawindo ndi zidole, pamene ife kudziwa mbiri yawo, amam'konda kwambiri.