Padziko lonse lapansi diamondi. Diamondi "Cullinan"

Panopa m'dzikoli pali zambiri miyala yamtengo wapatali wokongola, koma iwo sali kupita mu poyerekeza ndi mwala waukulu, ncho mu 1905. padziko lonse lapansi diamondi linali wanga South African pafupi ndi mzinda wa Pretoria.

History anga African

Thomas Cullinan anayamba ntchito ya zomangamanga. Atapulumutsa ndalama zapang'ono, anaganiza kuyang'ana diamondi. A makilomita ochepa ku Pretoria, iye anagula munda Elandsfontein mu 1904 ndipo ntchito bwino pa izo. Ndinasankha mosamala kwambiri, ndipo anakakonza maso ake pa malo ndi okwera. Hill, monga kunapezeka ina, unapangidwa pa payipi kimberlite, amene anali wanga, "Premier". The malowo chikutchedwa nduna yaikulu, amene analipo pa kutsegula kwa mgodi.

Kupeza wapadera

Mu theka lachiwiri la tsiku mutu wa migodi Frederick Wells imachitika polojekiti tsiku. chidwi ankawakonda modabwitsa yowala gleam nkhani inayake. Mkati kuya dzenje la mamita 5.5, anaona umagawanika. phunziro kwambiri anasonyeza dzuŵa ndi sankaoneka ngati galasi. Akutsikira kudzenje, iye mosamala ndi mpeni anakumba pakhoma padziko lonse lapansi diamondi. Ataona ndandanda kulimba wake, iye mosangalala anazindikira kuti pamaso pake mwala wa mtengo wabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chotulukira zapadera Wells analandira mphoto ya madola 10 chikwi, ndi dzina la icho chinali kutchedwa mutu wa daimondi migodi kampani - Sir Thomas Cullinan, amene adadza ku migodi lero.

chimphona African

Opanga migodi, zinaonekeratu kuti anapeza mwala - ndi gawo la chimphona zikuluzikulu, kukula kwa zimenezi nthawi zoposa 2-3. padziko lonse lapansi diamondi anali kukula kwa nkhonya munthu wamkulu ndipo anali kwambiri kuposa timibulu onse munayamba mu ngodya zonse za dziko. Koyamba inkalemera 3.106 chinkafunika carats. Stone ndi lodabwitsa osati kwa magawo ake chidwi komanso zabwino kwambiri. Zinaonekeratu mwamtheradi ndi colorless. Padziko panali mng'alu yaing'ono. Ndi chifukwa cha chilema wamng'ono uyu, anaganiza unagawika miyala angapo chiphona.

The nugget yaikulu anagulitsidwa kwa boma Transvaal kwa 150 zikwi mapaundi.

Oyendayenda zazikulu galasi

Malinga ndi Baibulo boma, mu November 1907, mwala unaperekedwa kwa tsiku la kubadwa kwa mfumu yaikulu Edward VII monga chizindikiro okhulupirika ku njuchi Ufumuyo pambuyo Anglo-Boer nkhondo. Ndipotu "mphatso" anamukonda mtengo British Zachuma (pafupifupi miliyoni madola), ndi diamondi anagulitsidwa.

Kumapeto kwa January 1908 daimondi chinaperekedwa ku kampani Amsterdam kudula, ndi February 10 mbuye Abraham Assher anapita kukagwira ntchito. Chidwi kwambiri ndi munthu inshuwaransi ku Africa padziko lonse lapansi diamondi anali kuyenda pa sitima ya pa nkhondo, ndi mwa English Channel anasamukira mwakachetechete mthumba la jeweler ndi pa okwera yosavuta boti.

diamondi achifumu

Pofuna kuphunzira Kapangidwe ka chimphona ndi bwino kudziwa zimakhudza mfundo kuti kugawanika ake mu magawo angapo, panapita nthawi zina. Mwala anapanga ang'ambe thupilo mu mpeni wake wapadera ndi anaika flick amphamvu nyema. Osati aliyense ali kuti adziwe kuti athyole diamondi akuluakulu omwe kalekale mwakachetechete akugona mu matumbo a dziko lapansi, ndi ochepa miyala ing'onoing'ono. Master mantha kwambiri. Crystal unakula kwambiri moti yekha pa ulendo wachiwiri anakwanitsa unagawanika mu miyala iwiri ikuluikulu, kukula kwa 2029,94 ndi 1068,09 carats, ndi zidutswa zitatu yaing'ono. Choyamba Cullinan (chithunzi Amamuonetsa mu mawonekedwe a madontho ndi 74 mbali ndi masekeli 530,2 carats) Korol Georg V amatchedwa "Great Star cha Africa." Iye anali daimondi yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Iye anayikidwa mu kumtunda kwa ndodo ya mfumu, yomwe inali mu Nsanja ya London. Kuchokera wachiwiri lalikulu jewelers mwala chopangidwa diamondi Cullinan 2 317.4 carat ndi 66 nkhope - wachiwiri amaoneka kukula mu dziko. Chifukwa cha chimphona (magawo m'munsi - 4,3h4,1 cm) danga akufotokozera korona wachifumu, umene uli Tower. La ndalama zotsala za chuma diamondi awiri zambiri lalikulu diamondi - pandelok miyeso yawo inali 94,4 carat (Cullinan 3) galasi ndi lalikulu mawonekedwe carat kulemera 63.65 (Culzean 4). Popeza 1911, ali korona wa Mfumukazi England. Kenako mu 1959, iwo apeza mu zokometsera zomanga.

5 Cullinan masekeli 18,8 carats anali faceted mtima woboola pakati, ndipo anaikapo mu chipini a. Mulungu anafuna kuti Mfumukazi Mary. Kenako, iye anachotsedwa kumeneko ndi anaikapo mu korona wa korona cha akazi. Cullinan 6 kulemera 8,8 carats ndi mbali "marquis anakonda" Elizabeth II. Iye analamula kuti kulimbikitsa galasi mu daimondi-emarodi mkanda, amene nthawi zambiri ankavala unyamata wake. Cullinan diamondi 7 ali ndi kulemera kwa 11,5 carat ndi faceting "marquis", Cullinan 8 - faceting "Emerald" ndi kulemera 6.8 carats Cullinan 9 - 4.4 carat kulemera, peyala odulidwa.

Kuwonjezera diamondi lalikulu kukula wa daimondi yaikulu amapangidwa ang'onoang'ono: 5 4.4 carats kulemera ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali kotha 96 7.55 carat kulemera. Kulemera okwana miyala yonse ya mtengo wapatali pamodzi ndi 1063,65 carats. Pamene processing zodzikongoletsera anali 65,75% ya okwana kuwonda anapeza chiphona.

Art kudula miyala yonse pambuyo kugawanika watenga zaka zinayi. Chifukwa, diamondi 105 chaonekera. The diamondi waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse - naini miyala yamtengo wapatali akuluakulu amene kunyada kwa korona English.

World nkhondo II ndipo panopa

Pankhondo, ndi diamondi kakang'ono mu kampani ya zotsalira wina wofunika mwazibisa ku zitini ndi m'manda m'munda pafupi Windsor Palace. timibulu Large anaiika mabokosi kwa zipewa ndi zobisika wina wa chinsinsi kusintha loko.

Panopa Cullinan 1 (54h44h29 mm) - daimondi lalikulu padziko lonse (pambuyo "Golden Ufulu"). Zokongola faceted peyala woboola pakati, iye imakongoletsa ndodo ya mafumu aakulu England, ndi pamodzi ndi abale ake ena otchuka ali Tower. Onse deta lalikulu la diamondi wotchuka Tingaone mu Nyumba ya zodzikometsera kudzionetsera. Wapadera ndi kudzikondweretsa diamondi zovala Mfumukazi pa madyerero osiyanasiyana miyambo ndi miyambo.