OCD - ndi obsessive-zinazake matenda. Zizindikiro, chithandizo, zimayambitsa

Kodi si mbali ndi dzanja sanitizer? zovala zanu kwenikweni mtundu kupyolera? makhalidwe amenewa akhoza pakhale kuonetseredwa kwa umunthu kapena zikhulupiriro. Nthawi zina malire zosaoneka ndi kukhala obsessive-zinazake matenda (OCD). Taganizirani zifukwa zazikulu asayembekezere ndi njira mankhwala operekedwa ndi madokotala.

Kufotokozera za matenda

OCD - ndi matenda okhudza ubongo zokhudza khalidwe la moyo. Akatswiri amanena kuti matenda obsessive-zinazake, monga chonama ndi. Ngati yotsirizira zikuphatikizapo okha obsessions, ndi OCD compulsions akuwonjezeka.

matenda dzina la amachokera ku mawu awiri English: obsessio ndi compulsio. Woyamba amatanthauza "yonse" ndipo lachiwiri tikhoza kulitanthauzira "kukakamiza". mawu awa awiri chikufanana bwino, momveka, akamaganizira akamanena za matenda. Anthu akuvutika OCD, m'mayiko ena amaonedwa wolemala. Ambiri a iwo kuwononga nthawi ndi phindu chifukwa cha compulsions lapansi. Obsessions amaonetsa maganizo obsessive ndi phobias, amene mwapeza wokwiya khalidwe la moyo wa wodwalayo.

Monga matenda akuyamba

Malinga ndi zomwe zachipatala, matenda obsessive-zinazake aumbike mwa osiyanasiyana kuchokera zaka 10 mpaka 30. Kaya ndendende zizindikiro woyamba anaonekera, dokotala, odwala ankapatsidwa pakati pa zaka 27 ndi 35. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuyambira chitukuko cha matenda ndi pamaso chithandizo amatenga zaka zingapo. Obsessive-zinazake umunthu matenda amakhudza wina akuluakulu atatu. Mwa ana achinyamata aja ndi laling'ono kwambiri. matenda iri linatsimikizidwa mwa aliyense wa mwana wachiwiri 500.

Pa siteji koyamba zizindikiro matenda kuoneka mu mawonekedwe a obsessive-zinazake chisokonezo ndi phobias. Nthawi imeneyi munthu angathe kudziwa irrationality awo. M'kupita kwa nthawi, pakalibe chithandizo maganizo, pachimake matenda. Wodwala wotaya luso mokwanira nkhawa zawo. Nthawi zamakono, chithandizo zikutanthauza ndi hospitalization mankhwala kwambiri.

The zifukwa

Asayansi simungakhoze lembani zinthu zazikulu zimene zimachititsa matenda okhudza ubongo. Komabe, pali maganizo ambiri. Malinga ndi mmodzi wa iwo, mwa zinthu zamoyo matenda obsessive-zinazake ali ndi zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• kagayidwe kachakudya chisokonezo;
• choipa ndi mutu choipa;
• kutengera za kumtundu;
• odwala matenda opatsirana;
• kupatuka mlingo wa mantha dongosolo autonomic.

Mu gulu osiyana madokotala anaitanidwa kuti apange chikhalidwe ndi dera chimayambitsa matenda. Pakati pawo pali zambiri ndi:

• analeredwa m'banja okhwima chipembedzo;
• ubale zovuta kuntchito;
• pafupipafupi nkhawa.

Mantha, chibadidwe matenda m'kati akhoza zochokera chondichitikira kapena wokhazikitsidwa ndi anthu. A chitsanzo chapadera cha zotsatira za matenda a maganizo a uthenga chigawenga. Anaonekera mantha anthu akuyesetsa kuti asiye ntchito chosonyeza kuti pandunji. Zimakhala maulendo angapo kuti recheck galimoto chatsekedwa kapena recalculate ngongole ku banki. Zimenezi kubweretsa yekha mpumulo yochepa. Kuchotsa nokha obsessions ndi chodziwikiratu kuti apambane. Pankhaniyi, kunafuna thandizo katswiri. Apo ayi matenda kwathunthu kuwaphunzira psyche anthu.

matenda amakhudza akulu ndi ana. Komabe, ana sakhala amavutika ndi zizindikiro zake. Zizindikiro za matenda a zingasiyane malingana ndi zaka za wodwalayo.

Kodi matenda akuluakulu?

Obsessive-zinazake matenda, zizindikiro zimene Adzaperekedwa ku tcheru chanu kuti akulu onse ndi za yemweyo chithunzi matenda. Choyamba, matenda kumaonekera mwa mawonekedwe a maganizo intrusive mavuto. Izi zikhoza kukhala nkhambakamwa pa mutu wa nkhanza zokhudza kugonana kapena imfa. Munthu nthawi zonse amayesetsa lingaliro kuyandikira kwa imfa, imfa ya ndalama bwino. maganizo amenewa horrify OCD mtima. Iye ayenela kumvetsetsa cholinga awo. Komabe, sangathe kulimbana ndi mantha ndi zikhulupiriro zimene zongopeka anakwaniritsidwa tsiku lina.

matenda nawonso ali ndi zizindikiro zakunja amene afotokozedwa mu mawonekedwe a magulu mobwerezabwereza. Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu akhoza zonse kuwerenga masitepe, kangapo patsiku kupita muzisamba m'manja. Kuwonekera kwa matenda zambiri lipoti anzake ndi Co-antchito. Anthu ndi OCD, tebulo ndi nthawi woyera kwambiri, ndi zinthu zonse anakonza symmetrically. Books pa maalumali kapena kuti afabeti, kapena mtundu.

matenda obsessive-zinazake amakhala ndi mbali ya kukula mu malo ambiri. Wodwala ngakhale mu gulu la amantha achuluke. Nthawi zambiri iwo ndi chifukwa mantha kugwira kachilombo koopsa kapena kutaya katundu wawo, kukhala wina wolakwiridwayo pickpockets. Choncho, anthu amayesetsa kupewa malo onse.

Nthawi zina matendawa limodzi ndi kuchepa kudzidalira. OCD - ndi matenda makamaka atengeke hypochondriac umunthu. Ali ndi chizolowezi zinthu zonse, kuyambira milandu kuntchito, kutsiriza ndi zakudya za nyama. Yafupika kudzidalira chifukwa kuzindikira kusintha kukuchitika ndipo kulephera kuthana nawo.

Zizindikiro ana

OCD odwala achinyamata zochepa wamba kusiyana ndi akulu. Zizindikiro za matenda a ofanana m'njira zambiri. Taonani zitsanzo zingapo.

1. Ngakhale ndithu Atakula zambiri ana ankabwerera ndi mantha kusochera mwa kuchuluka kwa anthu pa msewu. Iye amapanga anyamata ndi kugwiritsitsa makolo ndi dzanja, nthawi kufufuza ngati zala clasped mwamphamvu.
2. ana ambiri azibale chiopsyezo anatumiza kwa amasiye. Kuopa kukhala pamalowo izi zimawapangitsa mwana kalekale kufunsa kachiwiri ngati makolo ake amamukonda.
3. Ambiri mwa ife kamodzi pa moyo wawo katundu munthu. Komabe, si zinthu zonse za pa nthawiyi pochitika popanda sanachite. Mantha chifukwa cha m'mabuku anataya zambiri kumayambitsa wosangalala monyanyira recalculation katundu sukulu. Achinyamata ngakhale kudzuka usiku cholinga cha mtanda macheke wa zinthu zonse.

Obsessive-zinazake matenda ana nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi maganizo oipa, Moody, kuchuluka tearfulness. Ena ataya kudya, ndi zina usiku ankalota zoopsa. Ngati mu masabata angapo, anayesa kuti athandize makolo daze ndithu, ayenera kufunsa akatswiri a zamaganizo mwana.

njira matenda

Ngati mwayamba akuloza ovutitsa obsessive-zinazake matenda, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo kwa katswiri wa maganizo. Nthawi zambiri, anthu ndi OCD sadziwa mavuto awo. Pankhaniyi, achibale kapena anzawo ayenera mosamala kwambiri Zokuthandizani pa matenda. Palokha, matenda Kodi sudzatha.

matenda wake yekha ndi zamaganizo ndi luso yoyenera ndi zinachitikira m'munda umenewu. Kawirikawiri, dokotala imakweza zinthu zitatu:

1. Anthu, pali amalembedwa obsessions zinazake.
2. Pali khalidwe zinazake zimene iye akufuna kubisa mu njira iliyonse.
3. OCD zina ndi kayendedwe moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, kulankhulana ndi abwenzi ndi ntchito.

Zizindikiro za matendawa, kuti mtengo mankhwala, ayenera kubwereza osachepera 50% ya masiku milungu iwiri.

Pali kuwunika lonse wapadera (mwachitsanzo, Yale-Brown) kuti adziwe mlingo wa kukula kwa OCD. Iwo ntchito mchitidwe kutsatira mphamvu ya chithandizocho.

Pamaziko a mayesero ndi kufunsa dokotala wodwala akhoza kwaniritsa matenda okhazikika. Kawirikawiri upo madokotala kufotokoza kuti ndi chionetsero ndi amene ali obsessive-zinazake matenda. Zitsanzo za odwala matenda thandizo yausangalatsi kumvetsa kuti matenda si yoopsa, muyenera kulimbana nacho. Komanso kufunsa nkhani dokotala za njira za chithandizo, pamene kudikira zotsatira woyamba positive.

Kodi anthu Kudzithandiza okha?

OCD - ndi kudwala wamba. Nthawi zina angayambe munthu aliyense, kuphatikizapo wathanzi mwamtheradi maganizo. Nkofunika kuzindikira zizindikiro oyambirira a matenda ndi kupempha thandizo oyenerera. Ngati zimenezi sizingatheke, inu ayesetse kuti tisanthule vuto ndi kusankha njira yeniyeni kulimbana izo. Madokotala zopereka njira zingapo kudziletsa chithandizo.

Khwerero 1. Kuti mudziwe ndi matenda zinazake. matenda obsessive-zinazake limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mu mabuku. Choncho, aliyense mosavuta kuphunzira zifukwa zikuluzikulu ndi zizindikiro. Ataphunzira zambiri muyenera kulemba zizindikiro zonse kuti posachedwapa nkhawa. Moyang'anana matenda ayenera zimapatsa yokonza ndondomeko mwatsatanetsatane mmene tingathetsere.

Gawo 2: A thandizo lachitatu chipani. Ngati mukukayikira kuti OCD bwino kukaonana ndi dokotala wodziwa. Nthawi zina anapita koyamba dokotala amachititsa mavuto. Imeneyi, mukhoza kufunsa mnzanu kapena wachibale kuti atsimikizire zizindikiro kale Kwalamulidwa kapena kuwonjezera ena.

Gawo 3: Tione mantha anu "mu diso." Anthu ali ndi matenda obsessive-zinazake ambiri amadziŵa kuti mantha onse ndi zopeka. Nthawi iliyonse pali chikhumbo kawiri-fufuzani chitseko chokhoma kapena kusamba manja anu, muyenera kukumbukira mfundo imeneyi.

Gawo 4: Mphotho nokha. Zamaganizo kulangiza mosadzasintha awonetse masitepe pa tsogolo lowala, ngakhale zing'onozing'ono. M'pofunika kutamanda yekha chifukwa kupeza kusintha ndi luso latsopano.

ayamikira awa amathandiza mu magawo koyamba chitukuko cha matenda a.

njira misala

OCD - si chiweruzo. Matenda amalabadira mankhwala ndi thandizo la magawo misala. zamaganizo zamakono amapereka njira zingapo zothandiza. Tikambirana aliyense zimenezi mwatsatanetsatane.

1. Chidziwitso-khalidwe mankhwala. Analembedwa ndi njira izi ndi za Dzheffri Shvartsu. Kwenikweni ake inali kulimbikira kwa gwero lachisokonezo a. Man amadziwa matenda oyamba ndi Kenako akuyesera kulimbana nacho. Therapy ikukhudza kupeza luso kusiya kudziona yonse.
2. Methodology "Lekani kuganizira." Iwo anayamba kupanga ndi Dzhozef Volpe. Dokotala adafotokoza chithandizo zochokera ziyenera pa zimene wodwalayo. Kuti tichite zimenezi, Wolpe akuonetsa munthu kukumbukira wina Posachedwapa matenda a khunyu. Mothandizidwa ndi mafunso kutsogolera, iye amatithandiza wodwalayo kuunikira tanthauzo la zizindikiro ndi zimakhudza moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku. Dokotala pang'onopang'ono kumabweretsa kukwaniritsidwa kwa zachabe mantha. Njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuthetsa kwathunthu matenda a.

Izi njira zotsatira achire ali yekha za mtundu wake. Komabe, iwo amaonedwa yabwino kwambiri.

mankhwala

Nthawi patsogolo wachisokonezo obsessive-zinazake amafuna alowererepo zachipatala. Kodi kuchitira obsessive-zinazake chisokonezo mu nkhani iyi? The mankhwala chachikulu kulimbana matenda ali serotonin reuptake zoletsa:

• "Fluvoxamine".
• Tricyclic antidepressants.
• "Paroxetine".

Asayansi padziko lonse kupitiriza mwachangu kufufuza obsessive-zinazake matenda (OCD). Koma posachedwapa iwo apeza options achire kwa wothandizira amene ali ndi udindo kutulutsidwa kwa mtundu glutamate. Iwo akhoza kwambiri kuchepetsa zizindikiro za gwero lachisokonezo, koma musati kuthandiza kuchotsa vuto kalekale. Kafotokozedwe agwirizane ndi mankhwala zotsatirazi: "Memantine" ( "Riluzole"), "lamotrigine" ( "gabapentin").

Odziwika odana depressants ku matenda pokhapokha ntchito ngati mankhwala symptomatic. Amathandiza kuthetsa gwero lachisokonezo ndi nkhawa voteji zimachitika pa maziko zinazake matenda.

Tikumbukenso kuti pamwamba mankhwala Nkhani choperekedwa mu pharmacies ndi mankhwala okha. Chisankho cha medicament yeniyeni mankhwala anachita ndi dokotala potengera mmene alili. Osati udindo wotsiriza ankaimba ndi nthawi ya vuto pa nkhani imeneyi. Choncho, dokotala ayenera kudziwa nthawi yaitali bwanji zapitazo panali obsessive-zinazake matenda.

Home Chithandizo

ROC limabweretsa gulu matenda okhudza ubongo. Choncho, kuchiza matenda popanda thandizo kunja ndi chodziwikiratu kuti apambane. Komabe, mankhwala ndi ndalama anthu nthawi zonse amathandiza kukhadzikika. Chifukwa chaichi, ochiritsa analangiza kukonzekera teas mankhwala ndi katundu sedative. Zikuphatikizapo zomera zotsatirazi: ndimu mankhwala, motherwort, valerian.

The njira zokambirana kupuma sangatengedwe kukhala otchuka, koma zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba. Pakuti chithandizo sikutanthauza mankhwala kapena wachitatu chipani thandizo akatswiri. Therapy ndi kusintha mu mphamvu kupuma angathe kubwezeretsa boma maganizo. Motero, munthu akhoza mwabwinobwino ganizilani zimene zikuchitika pa moyo wake.

konzanso

Pambuyo mankhwala wodwala akusowa konzanso. zizindikiro matenda samabwera kachiwiri kokha ngati anatengera bwino kwa anthu. Kuthandiza miyeso achire umalimbana kuphunzitsa ojambula lapansi ndi anthu, banja. Pa siteji ya konzanso thandizo yaikulu kwa achibale ndi mabwenzi.