Ntchito ndi mbiri Feta Afanasiya, Russian ndakatulo

Afanasiy Fet, yonena ndi zilandiridwenso tikambirana pansipa, - munthu chidwi kwambiri. Chilango, ndi osasamala akuoneka ndi zosavuta, Ndipotu, wodzala ndi nkhani yovuta. Ngakhale kubadwa a ndakatulo iyi, chiyambi chake ndi umwana yaitali sikukudziŵika.

prehistory

Bio Feta, zinali zodabwitsa bwanji akanatero adawomba, inayamba kale asanabadwe ndakatulo iyi. Mu 1818, kubwerera ku Darmstadt, mnyamata German mtsikana Charlotte Elizabeth Becker ophatikizana ukwati ndi 29 wazaka kukhoti assessor Johann Fotom (Foeth). Patapita chaka chimodzi, banjalo mwana, Carolina. Koma mwamuna ali ndi ngongole, anadwala kuchitira mkazi wake. Kodi anakumana mu Darmstadt Charlotte Neofitovichem Shenshin Athanasius, amene panthawiyo anali makumi asanu, zikalata chete. Kodi bwinobwino ndi kuti September 18, 1820 banjali anawoloka malire a ku Russia. Patapita miyezi iwiri, pa November 21 (wachitatu wa December pa kalendala ya Gregory) mu anatengera Orthodoxy Elizavety Petrovny Fet iye anabadwa mwana wa Athanasius.

ubwana

Kodi chinachitika? Ndakatulo Fet, Wambiri yomwe inayamba chotero zankhanza, izo zinalembedwa mu mpingo chinkafunika buku m'mudzi Novoselki (ichi Mtsensk m'chigawo Oryol) ngati mwana wa Athanasios Neofitovicha Shenshin. zaka 14 mnyamata ndinali kuvala dzina limenelo. Kungoona makalatawo kwa amayi ake omwe analemba kuti m'bale wake Ernst mu Darmstadt, bambo akhadzudzumika Athanasia nanga mwana magazi. Banjalo anabadwa ana atatu, awiri amene anamwalira ali wakhanda. Athanasius alongo awiri okha otsalira: wokalamba ndipo wamng'ono Caroline Fet Lyubov Shenshina. Mu 1824, bambo magazi Athanasius anakwatira mwana wamkulu wa zamaphunziro ndi kwathunthu anapha mwana wake kunja kwa chifuniro chake.

"Tingazizindikirire" wapathengo

Pamene anali ndi zaka 14, chinsinsi cha chiyambi chake kudabvumbulutsidwa, ndipo kuchokera ku Russia wakhala "nzika gessendarmshtadtskogo" Afanasiya Feta. Choncho ndi zovuta anapulumuka izo moyo wake onse adafunafuna kubwerera Shenshin dzina. Iye zinatheka mu 1873. A yonena za kulenga Feta anayamba pa wapadera sukulu yogonera komweko anyamata German "Kryummer" mu Võru (ano Estonia). Kumeneko asiye ndakatulo ndipo analemba ndakatulo yake yoyamba.

talente kudzutsidwa

Komabe, njira kulenga ya Afanasiy Fet anasankha yomweyo. Mu 1838, iye malangizo a makolo awo, amapita ku yunivesite ya Moscow, kuti akhale loya. Koma cramming malamulo, malangizo ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana Athanasius sanali kwambiri zovuta, ndipo iye anasamutsidwa ku dipatimenti ya mbiri ndi philology. M'chigawo choyamba cha ndakatulo linatulutsidwa pamene Fet tikungokhala pa benchi ya yunivesite, mu 1840. Atalemba ntchito zake mu magazini angapo (ichi "Moskvityanin" ndi "Mfundo za Lathu", etc.) Patapita utumiki lalifupi ankhondo anali kupereka udindo wa kapitawo. Pambuyo pa imfa ya wokondedwa wake Maria Lazic yonena Fet AA asinthidwa. Iye anaganiza kusankha ntchito ya usilikali.

ulemerero wa kudza

Zotolera choyamba cha ndakatulo ankaonera podzudzula Russia bwino. Iye amakhala bwino analandira mabwalo zolembalemba olemba wolemekezeka, anakumana ndi Goncharov, Nekrasov, Turgenev ndi ena. Mu 1850s, iye anakhala kucheza ndi akonzi a magazini "Contemporary". Mu 1857 wolemba ndakatulo anakwatira Mariya Botkin, mlongo wotchuka dokotala, iye anapuma ndipo anakakhala ku Moscow. Kenako yonena Feta   A. anapanga kukhota lakuthwa kwa kugonjera kwa mfumu. Athanasius adaswa ndi magazini "Contemporary", kuwonetsa nayenso politicized, ndipo anadzipereka apadera chikhalidwe, nyengo, ndi chosalimba kukongola. Amene anali kuwachitira nkhanza ndi apolisi. Iye anafa lyricist Mwamunayu ndi membala lolingana wa St. Petersburg Academy mu Moscow mu November 1892, manambala 21.