Nkhani ya "The Science ya Chidani": mwachidule (Sholohova M. A.)

Mutu wa nkhani ino zinalembedwa nkhondo nkhani "The Science ya Chidani" (chidule).

Sholokhov otsutsa mtima wa ntchito, inafalitsidwa koyamba mu nyuzipepala "Pravda" wa 22.05.1942 Kwambiri otsika mlingo wake wa luso la tingachipeze powerenga woona, akuwonetseredwa bwino mu "Matama Umayenda ya Don".

Choncho, tili ndi kuunikila zofooka zake. No kuti kuulula chizindikiro cha dialectics, palibe "yachiwiri pansi."

Kusiyana kalembedwe kulemba pamwamba ntchito awiri osiyana mtundu wanyimbo a wolemba wina kunyanyala. Iyeyu ndi wamkulu, monga kulenga iwo ndi anthu awiri osiyana.

Chifukwa chakuti Nobel Prize chifukwa Literature kuti wolemba Mikhail Sholokhov ntchito zake pambuyo pake sakwanitsa kuuka kwa mlingo wa "Matama Umayenda ya Don" malirime zoipa akumunena chinyengo, ankanena kuti wolemba woona wa buku lotchuka sichoncho . Izi zikutikumbutsa mizere ya Pushkin: "The wojambula-wakunja carotid burashi kupenta namatetule inki?"

David Ortenberg maganizo, amene analephera kupereka Sholokhov

Mwatsoka pozindikira zimenezi onyoza si limatsutsa nkhani wamba kapangidwe kake "chidani sayansi" wa Sholokhov. Short zili ntchito yafupika kwa uncivilized ndi kulimbikira kuyitana "Iphani Germany!". The zikuchokera lonse wamangidwa m'njira kuti owerenga adzachokera kuti mapeto yekha. Chifukwa Classics anavomera kuti akonze mankhwala amenewa? Tiyeni tiyambe ndi choona kuti Mihail Aleksandrovich mokangamiza ananyamula nkhani kulemba, pakati pa mtundu wanyimbo wa reportage.

Owerenga wonyenga akuona kuti woyambitsa "Matama Umayenda ya Don" analemba "Science ya Chidani" si mmene amafunira. Chapafupi chinatsimikizira mbiriyakale: mkonzi wamkulu wa nyuzipepala "Pravda" m'zaka nkhondo, Davide Ortenberg, anapereka Sholokhov journalistic ntchito WWII. Classic patsogolo chilichonse akamagwiritsa, kupulumutsa fano Grigoriya Melehova, iye anapita pa za mabodzawo.

powonekera Phunziro

NKVD-shnogo kufunsidwa protocol anabadwa lingaliro la nkhani "The Science ya Chidani" Sholokhov. Mwachidule zili umboni wake mlangizi ndale Ferdman Zinovy Yakovlevich. The zinachitika ya ngwazi chachikulu cha nkhaniyo analandidwa 21/09/1941, pa 09.26.1941, ndi anathawa anabwerera ku malo a Red Army 21.11.1941 Pambuyo kufufuza mwachidule, mphunzitsi wandale anapitirizabe utumiki. Akapitawo a Dipatimenti Special moganizira za mtundu wa kuthawa ukapolo. Popeza Ayuda Anazi anawomberedwa, analibe maganizo wofuna mudzipereke.

Zikuonetsa Zinovy Jakovljevic umboni za nkhanza kwa Germany. Iwo sanatenge alonda mkaidi. Pamene iye anawona mikwingwirima ukapolo kapitawo, iwo anawomberedwa yomweyo. Iye anatha mwakachetechete kusokoneza kanali awo ku jekete lake.

Malinga Ferdman, akaidi convoyed anali panja ndi kudyetsedwa mapira ndi mpendadzuwa. Kundende panali 20 000 ngozi m'mimba sindikanakhoza kupirira, iwo anafa. Akufa mkulu wa oyang'anira anaponyedwa mpandawo.

masitampu malonda ku chiwembu ndi chiyambi cha nkhani

Mbiri ya ukapolo ndi kuthawa kapitawo anapanga maziko a "chidani sayansi" nkhani Sholokhov. Chidule cha mankhwala isiyana ndi chochitika pachiyambi. The zikuchokera nkhani m'malo chikhalidwe. Wina m'malo mwa amene owerenga, anabwera mbali kutsogolo, amene akutumikira monga mkulu Gromov asonkhanitsidwa kutsogolo kwa mmodzi wa zimango za zomera ku Siberia. Monga mukuonera, Sholokhov anasintha mtundu wa protagonist pokondera clichés mabodza. The owerenga ananena kuti pa pamaso pa akaidi maso la mkulu wa akayaka moto wa udani.

Iye anakomana ndi mkulu, popeza anamva kuti anali mu ukapolo. Kawiri iwo amakumana macheza ndi msilikali Gromov limatiuza nkhani yake. Tikumbukenso kuti iye mwini Sholokhov Ferdmanom Zinovy Yakovlevich osati Chovumbulutsidwa.

Malinga ndi nthano, Michael, Gromov anakwatiwa, ndipo anali ndi ana awiri. banja lake komanso bambo wa m'dzikoli olumala. Ndi malangizo a kukonda dziko lako limodzi mbadwa kutsogolo. Tumizani msilikali anadza mu njira ndi mlembi wa Komiti District lapansi. Childs, ntchito ndi boma, iye anapita omenyana kutsogolo, ndipo zinamukhudza.

Lt. Gromov amabwera kutsogolo

Popeza July 1941, mkulu Gerasimov nawo nkhondoyo. Red Army anali kuthawa, koma unit uli protagonist amalowerera kugwila Germany 15. Pa mankhwala umunthu akaidi wa Red Army mkulu pakamwa limatiuza nkhani ya Sholokhov a "The Science ya Chidani". Short zili ntchito m'tsogolo kumadalira pa mfundo za otsutsana "anthu -. Akuchitirana nkhanza" Choyamba ife tikumva kuchokera kwa ogwira la mawu kuti Germany ndi akaidi Soviet a nkhondo ndi anthu wamba zinthu zofanana.

Kuphunzira Sholokhov malingaliro a mkwiyo pa adani

Komanso, limene mbali akutumikira monga mkulu wina, anapita tingalimbanirane. Kunena zoona, si mmene kwa 1941. The wolemba zopeka ndi lodziwikiratu.

Gromov anati za zimene anaona mtembo pyatiklassnitsy, m'nthawi ya mwana wake wamkazi, kugwiriridwa ndi zinaphedwa ndi Anazi. Pambali wovutika atagona madera buku. Ilo linagwedezeka iye ndi kusonyeza malo a chilango cha asilikali Soviet, umene unali mulu wa nyama akanadulidwa ndi iwo, pafupi omwe mwankhaza anapha zisoti. Mkulu amadziwa kuti akumenyana sasonyeza anthu wamba, osatanevshih sadists. Wolemba, akukondedwa ndi anthu, anaikira, kuyesera zimabweretsa mu owerenga kumverera chidani cha ku Germany.

ukapolo

A nkhani zina za nkhani akulongosola chifukwa iye anapereka dzina la Sholohov Mihail Aleksandrovich, "The Science ya Chidani". Gromov iye umadutsa mabwalo a Jahena German ukapolo. Amabala nkhondo, ndipo akugwa m'manja mwa Aisiraeli. Anthu POWs Soviet, choyamba anaponya Ayuda pakati pawo. Iwo ndiye anapha mfuti motorcyclists makina m'mbuyo ku ndime ukapolo.

Pamwamba pa Red Army akaidi nkhanza ndi nthawi achikale. Iwo anali kuvutika ndi ludzu, kumwa madzi wothira matope chifukwa akasinja akhala anadutsa momwemu.

Pamene ndime kwa POW anali thanki ndime Nazi mutu thanki "mwangozi" amabvutika anthu angapo pa njira walunjika kachitidwe kawo kuguba. Alonda nthawi yomweyo osati kupewedwa zinachitikazi, komanso anaseka pa zimene zinachitika.

Pomaliza siteji lachivundi yatha, ndi mzati anafika ku m'ndendeyo. Ngakhale njira ya autumn, akaidi inachitika ngakhale m'chipindacho. Iwo sanali okonzeka malo malawi, anthu anagona pansi mu dothi. Iwo anadyetsedwa bwino, zakudya lonse inkakhala ndi ochepa monga chimanga ndi madzi owiritsa. akaidiwo zonse kumenyedwa ndi timitengo, mfuti butts.

kuthawa

mabala Gerasimov anayamba fester, ndipo iye anapita m'chipindacho kwa molasidwa. Chisamaliro chonse cha kuchipatala okha ndi mfundo kuti bandeji linamasuka, ndipo bala dusted ndi phulusa. Za zinthu zauchigaŵenga m'ndende akaidi limafotokoza nkhani yake Sholokhov ( "Science ya Chidani"). Chidule iye, malinga ndi wolemba, ndi kufotokoza lingaliro limodzi: mdani ziyenera kuwonongeka. Nzeru ndi yosavuta. Ndi consonant ndi mawu Orthodox woyera, Alexander Nevsky. Iye amadziwika kuti ndine mawu akuti: "Ndani ndi lupanga ife adzabwera, kuti adzafa ndi lupanga"

Pamene wotopa, akugona pansi October, akaidi nayamba kuwatumiza kwa yomanga earthworks, Lt. Gerasimov anapanga chipulumutso wosimidwa. Iye anaphedwa ndi fosholo ndi convoy, okhala ndi mfuti, nachibisa mu nkhalango. Wotopa, emaciated mkulu sadzachitanso anayenda, ndi kuzindikira kuti kusiya midzi mosasamala. Tsiku lotsatira iye anapezeka ndi anapulumutsidwa ndi partisans.

Chifanizo cha msilikali

Chodabwitsa ano zochita mkulu Gerasimov pa chipulumutso chanu. Iye alibe zinthu zina koma chidani. Ndipo cholinga chake chofuna imodzi yokha - 'kubwerera kwa msilikali wa omenyana kwa Mama "ndi" kubwezera mpaka kumapeto. " Gwirizanani, n'zovuta ngakhale kuyerekeza munthu uyu ndi Grigoriem Melehovym!

Yonseyo Tikhoza kupeza nkhani zimene analemba commissar regimental, ndipo kenako msilikali M. A. Sholohov ( "Science ya Chidani")? Chidule choperekedwa ndi ife, amaona kuti walakwitsa luso, mwatsoka, malamulo angapo ukulu wolephera "The Don Nkhani".

Komabe, buku la wolemba munakonda "iye mwini" I. V. Stalin. Pa nthawi yomweyo mtsogoleri wa anthu a wolemba anafuna kuti akonze mabuku atsopano "mu mtsempha chomwecho." Ndipo wolemba kwenikweni anatsatira umboni. Mu 1943-1944 biennium. iye limafalitsa mutu wa buku "Iwo Anathetsa dziko lawo," amene akubwereza pofuna kubweretsa lingaliro lalikulu - udani wa adani. Chomwe izo? Ngakhale zoyesayesa za wolemba kuti izo chinthu zokhudza ndalama nthabwala, buku ankakonda kwa owerenga buku sanachite.

Pomaliza

Msangani wenewu ukhalonga pinthu fanizo la zomwe zimachitika ngati bukuli limati ngakhale osadziwika tingachipeze powerenga Sholokhov ( "Science ya Chidani"). Chidule brifli laibulale ulipo pa Intaneti. Komabe, limapezeka ndi kugula kwa wowerenga osati kuti chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi mtengo luso nkhani.

Ambiri mwina, tinganene kuti mabuku sangachite "dongosolo" ndi "nthawi", monga mu nkhani iyi, mankhwala n'zokayikitsa chidwi owerenga kwambiri.

Mwachidule, apa pali nkhani zolembedwa pa nthawi Sholokhov ( "Science ya Chidani"). Chidule ndi kusanthula ntchito imeneyi anali kuperekedwa kwa ife m'nkhani ino.