Ndi nthawi yanji? Kodi nthawi yathu ikutanthauzanji?

Ndi nthawi yanji? Iyi ndi nthawi yomwe yatsimikiziridwa ndi zolinga za nthawi kapena mbiri yakale. Malingaliro ofanana ndi nthawi, zaka, nyengo, sakulum, aeon (Greek Aion) ndi Sanskrit kumwera.

Ndi nthawi yanji?

Nthawi ya mawu yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira 1615 ndipo, m'Chilatini, "aera" amatanthawuza nthawi yomwe imawerengedwa. Kugwiritsiridwa kwa mawuwa mu nthawi yake kunayamba kuzungulira zaka zachisanu, pa nthawi ya Visigoths ku Spain, kumene akuwonekera m'mbiri ya Isidore wa ku Seville. Kenaka m'malemba amtsogolo. Nthawi ya Chisipanishi imawerengedwa kuyambira 38 BC. Monga nthawiyi, poyamba izi zikutanthauza kuyamba kwa zaka zana.

Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi

Kodi nyengo yake ikuchitika nthawi yanji? Zimatengedwa kuti ndipamwamba kwambiri pakukonzekera nthawi. Kalendala imasonyeza nthawi ya nthawi, kuyambira nthawi inayake, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayambitsa chiyambi cha ndale, ufumu, boma. Kungakhale kubadwa kwa mtsogoleri kapena chochitika china chofunika kwambiri cha mbiriyakale kapena nthano.

Geological nthawi

Mu sayansi yambiri ya chilengedwe, palifunikira nthawi yosiyana ya nthawi yopanda ntchito za anthu, ndipo makamaka kulandira nthawi yayitali (makamaka chisanachitike), kumene nthawi ya geological imatanthauzira nthawi yoyenera. Kupatukana kwina kwa nthawi ya geological ndi aeon. Eon ya Phanerozoic imagawidwa kukhala eras. Pakalipano, pali nthawi zitatu zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu Phanerozoic. Awa ndiwo ma Cenozoic, Mesozoic ndi Paleozoic eras. Miyendo yakale ya Proterozoic ndi a ku Azerbaijan imapatuliranso nthawi yawo.

Nthaŵi yamakono ndi kalendala

Kwa nthawi mu mbiri ya chilengedwe, mawu akuti "nyengo" nthawi zambiri amatha kukhala "nthawi", ngakhale kuti mfundozi ndi zosinthika. Nthawi ya kalendala imawerengedwa kwa zaka mkati mwa masiku ena. Kawirikawiri ndi tanthauzo lachipembedzo. Ponena za nthawi yathu ino, ulamuliro ukuonedwa kuti ndi nthawi yobadwa kuchokera kwa kubadwa kwa Yesu Khristu. Kalendala ya Islamic yomwe ili ndi zosankha, imawerengera zaka kuchokera ku Hijra kapena kuchotsedwa kwa mneneri Muhammad Islam kuchokera ku Makka kupita ku Medina, yomwe inachitika mu 622 BC.

Panthawiyi - kuyambira 1872 mpaka nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse - anthu a ku Japan adagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la mfumu yachifumu, akuwerengera kuyambira nthawi imene mfumu Jimma inakhazikitsa Japan. Izi zinali mu 660 BC. Makalendala ambiri a Buddhist amawerengedwa kuchokera ku imfa ya Buddha, yomwe, malinga ndi momwe anagwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri, inachitikira mu 545-543. BC. E. Zakale za kalendala zina zapitazo zinkawerengedwera kuchokera ku zochitika zandale. Zili choncho, mwachitsanzo, nyengo ya Seleucids ndi abbot Ancient Roman, yomwe imachokera pa tsiku la kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzindawo.

Zaka ndi Zaka

Liwu lakuti "nthawi" limatanthauzanso mayunitsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mowonjezereka, nthawi yosasinthika, pomwe nthawi sizimawoneka kuti ndi yopitirira malire ndi chaka chimodzi chodziwitsa, koma malo atsopano amayamba ndi kuwerengedwa kwatsopano, ngati kuti nthawi yayamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito zaka zosiyana ndi njira yosasinthika, ndipo kwa olemba mbiri ndi ntchito yovuta. Pamene palibe nthawi yowerengeka ya mbiri yakale, chikhalidwe chachikulu pa moyo waumwini wa wolamulira mtheradi mu miyambo yakale yakale nthawi zambiri chimasonyezedwa. Miyambo imeneyi nthawi zina imakhala ndi mphamvu yandale ya mpando wachifumu ndipo ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pa zochitika zapadera kapena olamulira omwe sangakhalepobe.

Kodi zaka ndi nthawi ndi chiyani? Kodi mfundo izi zingasinthike? Zaka zana siziri zaka 100, m'lingaliro lina zingakhale zaka mazana angapo, kapena ngakhale makumi angapo. Mwachitsanzo, ulamuliro wa wolamulira umatengedwa kuti ndi "zaka za golidi" m'mbiri, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti analamulira ndendende zaka 100. Choncho, maziko a zaka zana amatha kusintha mosiyana. Kummawa kwa Asia, ufumu wa mfumu iliyonse ukhoza kugawidwa mu nthawi zingapo za boma, iliyonse yomwe imatengedwa ngati nyengo yatsopano.

Nthawi mu mbiriyakale

Nthawi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutanthawuza nthawi zofotokozedwa bwino za mbiriyakale, mwachitsanzo, Aroma, Wachigonjetso ndi zina zotero. Nthaŵi zina za mbiri yakale zikuphatikizapo nthawi ya Soviet. M'mbiri ya nyimbo zamakono zamakono, adatulutsanso nthawi yawo, mwachitsanzo, nyengo ya disco.

Maganizo osiyanasiyana

Ndi nthawi yanji kuchokera ku zosiyana zosiyana? Nazi zomwe zimafala kwambiri:

1. Nthawi yowonetsera kayendedwe ka zaka zowerengeka kuchokera ku chochitika china chofunikira kapena nthawi yopatsidwa nthawi (nthawi yachikristu).
2. Chochitika kapena tsiku limene limasonyeza kuyamba kwa nthawi yatsopano kapena yofunika m'mbiri (nthawi yakuthambo).
3. Nthawi yomwe imalingaliridwa kuchokera kumalo owonera zochitika zodabwitsa ndi zochitika, anthu (nyengo ya chitukuko).
4. Kuchokera ku maonekedwe a geological, nthawi imalongosola nthawi yochokera nthawi ya kulengedwa kwa dziko lapansi mpaka nthawi yathu. Iyi ndiyo nthawi yayikulu yogawa nthawi (Paleozoic era).

Kodi nyengo yatsopano ndi yotani?

Anthu osiyana ali ndi nthawi yawo. Chiyambi cha nthawi yathu ndi kubadwa kwa Yesu Khristu, nthawi iyi idakhazikitsidwa kamodzi ndi Papa. Kotero, nthawi yathu imatchedwanso kuti Mkhristu, polemekeza woyambitsa chiphunzitso chatsopano chachipembedzo - Chikhristu. Zisanayambe izi, nthawi yake inkachitika molingana ndi kalendala ya Julius Kaisara.

December 25 m'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amaonedwa kuti ndilo tchuthi lofunika kwambiri. Ili ndilo tsiku limene "mwana wa Mulungu" anabadwa. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, ndi mwambo kunena kuti: "Chaka chomwecho (AD) kapena pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa Khristu" (AD). Tsiku lachiyambi loyamba linayambidwa ndi Tsar Peter I, ndipo atatha December 31, 7208, kuchokera ku chilengedwe cha dziko lapansi, anadza January 1, 1700 pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa Khristu. Anthu amatsatirabe chiwerengero ichi ndikuchiyitcha chatsopano, kapena nthawi yathu.