Ndi mbali structural wa Moss chiyani? Kapangidwe ka Moss "Kukushkin fulakesi"

ndi mbali structural wa Moss chiyani? Malinga ndi kapangidwe awo, iwo amafanana Seaweed, koma mosiyana iwo, ambiri a mitundu ndere ndi phesi ndi masamba. Rhizoids chokhala mizu kuwathandiza kukhala padziko ndi kuyamwa madzi. Pakuti ndere amakhala ndi osiyanasiyana mwachilungamo lonse la malo. Ambiri a iwo amakonda lonyowa, malo pamthunzi, nthawi zambiri padziko m'munsi mwa mitengo. Koma pali anthu amene timakonda kuunika, ndi kukula ngati epiphytes pa nthambi za mitengo kapena m'madera lotseguka monga magombe ndi dongo njanji m'mphepete. Onse sphagnum kapena peat ndere kukula pa nyanja ndi m'madambo momwe ataima madzi chaka chonse.

maonekedwe

ndere kwambiri - yaing'ono, wobiriwira leafy zomera, zaikidwa nthaka, makungwa a mitengo kapena miyala ndi woonda ulusi ngati mizu otchedwa rhizoids. Mitundu ina mwina umatheka ndi chilili umodzi, pamene ena nthambi zimayambira ndipo akufanana ndi zofewa pamphasa wobiriwira, kuphimba pansi. Ku New Zealand, ndi Moss apamwamba Chimakula (Dawson Superba), kufika kutalika kwa theka mita, koma mitundu yambiri kufika pafupi 1-2 masentimita mu msinkhu.

Kupulumuka mu mavuto

Izi mbuye anabiosis monga ndere, chingathe kupirira kutentha (70 ° C) kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi kubwerera chinyezi iwo anabwerera ku moyo kachiwiri. Izi ndi njira ya zamoyo mudzakula mu kwambiri, nkhalango kwambiri ndi m'mapanga pamene kukula kuwala zokwanira kukula yabwino ya ina mbewu wobiriwira. Mu ndere mkulu Arctic ndinu mmodzi wa mitundu ochepa chomera kupulumuka zowononga ozizira. mitundu zingathandize kukhala mwakhama kufika ming'alu ndi mphako kumene zomera kwambiri chabe sakanakhoza kupulumuka. Iwo siumafa ngakhale pamene youma. M'nthawi youma, kagayidwe awo anatseka mpaka mvula samabwera kumbuyo pamene anayambanso, ndi bwino ntchito moyo ndi kubwezeretsedwa. Izi zimathandiza dongosolo makamaka ndere. zomera wosazindikira amaonedwa kukhala pakati pa oyamba amene apanga luso zapamtunda.

mikangano ubiquitous

Inakhazikitsa spores Moss amatha maulendo ataliatali mu mphepo ndi kukhala yotheka kwa zaka zambiri. Pambuyo akulimbikitsidwa atakhala ndi kuyamba kubala filaments cheya. Kuchokera spores kumera filaments kuti amagwira pamwamba mwa rhizoids. Kapangidwe umaimiridwa ndi gametophyte Moss, womwenso tsinde ndi masamba, pamene dzuwa ikuchitika, imene dzuwa ndi n'kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zopatsa thanzi. ndi mbali structural za Kodi Moss? Ndere ndi tsamba zonse m'malo pa zimayambira anakonza zokhudzana spirally kakang'ono mu mawonekedwe a flakes lathyathyathya kapena flakes.

Ndere: kapangidwe ndi kubalana

Ngakhale ndere musati pachimake, mitundu ina ya mphukira ndi kumaliseche mwamuna akhoza kuoneka ngati pang'ono mitu maluwa wobiriwira. Kubalana akupezeka panja, izo umabisika m'nyumba duwa. Anterozoidy zikupezeka m'mapaketi ang'onoang'ono, kuti manyowa dzira maselo wapafupi. Tsinde ali ndi spore kapisozi, wotchedwa sporangia, ungatithandize kuti miliyoni spores. Kucha kumachitika pansi ❖ kuyanika wapadera umene uphwetsa ndi kugwa kuchokera pamene samafunikiranso. Kukhwima spores imatulutsidwa ndi kusiya kapisozi kupanga zomera latsopano.
Ndere sikuti zimadalira kubereka. Gametophytes ali apadera maselo a kuwakonda mipira. Ngati mmodzi wa pbokovyh ndi obegov wothyoledwa, kuti wina maselo yosavuta akukwana kupanga watsopano. Izi zipangitsa kupulumuka kwa zomera m'mikhalidwe yovuta. Features ya kapangidwe ka Moss, kuphweka kwa kapangidwe ndi njira zingapo la kubalana zimawathandiza kupeza malo awo kulikonse kuchokera kudera lozizira kwa dziko. N'zodabwitsa khola ndi ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana mbewu.

Biology ndi Evolution

Pali nkhambakamwa kuti ndere ndi kholo limodzi la zomera zonse lapansi. sayansi yamakono limatchula mitundu yoposa 10 000 amene ndinazolowera zosiyanasiyana malo, kuchokera m'chipululu matupi madzi. Ngakhale kuti Moss dongosolo amapanga yosavuta, gametophytes muli mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo. Poyankha madzi m'thupi, adzikonzenso maselo kugawanitsa ndi kusiyanitsa mu wandiweyani, maselo m'chiuno kuti alandire ma selo imfa. Moyo tikupitiriza pambuyo pamene mbewu akulowa zinthu zabwino. Ndere anatha kusunga mbali wosazindikira dongosolo selo ndi zikuchokera, komanso mphamvu zodabwitsa kuti azolowere kuti walola kuti azikakhala zosiyanasiyana malo.

Features dongosolo la

ndi mbali structural wa Moss chiyani? Kapangidwe zikuphatikizapo thunthu, masamba, ndi axillary tsitsi rizoiday. tsinde Nthawi zambiri ankalemba maselo ang'onoang'ono epidermal wandiweyani, ndi conductive woonda-mipanda parenchyma maselo maselo. maselo conductive monga hydroids ndi leptoidy. masamba zambiri wapangidwa wosanjikiza umodzi maselo, kupatula mitsempha ndi minda imene chingakhale cha zigawo zingapo maselo kusiyanitsidwa. Tsinde kumeneko sporophyte, sporangia, spores, amene amakhala ndi mitundu apadera selo.

Ubwino Moss kapangidwe

Kodi mbali structural wa Moss, ife tapeza, ndipo tsopano muyenera kuganizira ubwino structural. Popeza ndere kupeza zakudya zonse mpweya, monga mizu lenileni ali, izi undemanding chomera mthunzi chabe chofunika, asidi nthaka ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Malo adalipo ndi dothi m'mbali ndi pamlingo wochepa zatu. Kuwonjezera anatengera wabwino wa kusinthasintha, ndere ali ndi luso labwino kutulutsa mabuku lalikulu la nsalu wopangidwa mwa mtundu selo, komanso mofulumira kusinthika kwa protoplasts khoma selo.

Kukushkin fulakesi

Kapangidwe ka Moss Kukushkin fulakesi mapulogalamu wamba zimayambira woonda brownish, kuli yokutidwa ndi yaing'ono mdima wobiriwira masamba. Ndi zomera osatha zambiri chimakwirira malo achinyezi pamphasa wandiweyani, ntchito mankhwala zolinga. Kukushkin fulakesi kukula mu Titafika pamalo, madambo, mapiri, nkhalango ndi madambo. Ndipamene khushoni wa kuwaika kapena ophatikizidwa mu imodzi yothandizira wandiweyani denga. zimayambira osatha leafy Moss lalikulu ndithu. Mu mmunsi mwa rhizoids tsinde kukhala (analogi wosazindikira mizu).

Chotsatira ndi umatheka ndi yopingasa yaikulu popanda masamba. Kenako, sekondale chilili tsinde kutalika kwa masentimita 15. Zitsanzo munthu angafikire 30 cm. The tsinde sekondale kuli kuphimba semblance masamba. Kapangidwe mkati mwa Moss Kukushkin ankaimira wosazindikira dongosolo mtima mwa madzi ndi zakudya adutsa tsinde kuti masamba. Maselo ena tsinde ndi elongated ndi ogwirizana awiriawiri, ukunenedwa yekha kwa ophimba pa madzi. Masamba m'munsi pa tsinde la woterewu, koma kukhala mu mawonekedwe a flakes.