Ndi hydrosphere Kodi

ndi hydrosphere (madzi kapena chipolopolo) a dziko lapansi n'chiyani? Mawu amenewa amatchedwa Geospheres mmodzi wa dziko lathuli, lomwe ndi ya mayiko onse a H ₂ O - olimba, madzi ndi mpweya uli mu dziko.

Voliyumu ya madzi analipo pa dziko lapansili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu - oposa theka biliyoni makilomita kiyubiki. Awa, mkango gawo (cent makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu zisanu pa) mlandu madzi mchere a m'nyanja. Pamtengo oundana ndi pamwamba madzi nkhani awiri peresenti, ndi ochepa kwambiri (kachigawo peresenti a) - kuti chinyontho ali m'mlengalenga monga nthunzi ya madzi (mitambo zachilengedwe ndi chinyezi).

Bwinobwino kumvetsa zimene hydrosphere, nanga imakhudzira miyoyo ya anthu, tiyenera kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane njira kunachitika dziko (mu malo oyamba, nyengo), umene nawo. Choyamba, kuti madzi amatha "kudziunjikira" ofunda. N'chifukwa chake nyengo ya m'madera pafupi ndi nyanja, nyanja, kapena malo chabe lalikulu, ali kusiyana kwa nyengo ya m'deralo, atagona mkati Africa pa ufulu chomwecho. Pali mfundo za "malo m'madzi", "chokhala ndi nyengo". Large khwimbi la madzi usavutike pa nyengo yofunda, ndiye pang'onopang'ono kupereka kutentha anasonkhanitsa, kotero kuti dzinja pa gombe la chokhala lililonse limatisokoneza kwambiri. Tikawonetsetsa, pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira ostyvshaya madzi omwewo chilimwe ozizira.

Kuwonjezera pa kufunsa kuti hydrosphere, mutuwo kukhala wodzipereka kwa cryosphere otchedwa, kapena "munda wa ozizira" - mu Greek. Cryosphere - ndi gawo la hydrosphere, amene muli madzi olimba. Pamafunikanso osati kuwundana (phiri kapena zikawonongeka), koma chisanu chivundikiro, nyengo ayezi pachikuto cha malo, komanso pa madzi oundana. Choncho cryosphere alibe omveka bwino ndiponso malo ake ndi malo mosiyana mu nyengo zosiyana.

The madzi Kakhungu malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, anabadwa moyo wachivundi. Choncho n'kofunika kwa ife hydrosphere. kapangidwe kake ndi dongosolo mu nthawi zakale kakusintha kusintha zinthu zina. Zikuphatikizapo kusinthasintha mu mlingo pansi, ndi kudza ndi kugwa mu m'nyanja, aridity nyengo ndi gumidizatsiya m'madera ambiri. Mbiri izo anakhazikitsa kuti madzi a m'Nyanja Caspian mu Ages Middle anali ochepa kwambiri kuposa kukhala ndi panali zilumba zambiri. Pa chimodzi mwa zilumba zimenezi ndinapeza imfa yake anawononga Shah Genghis Khan wa Khorezm. chochitika zinalembedwa Mbiri.

Koma osati madzi chigoba cha Earth zimakhudza moyo wa munthu mu zaka mazana makumi awiri anayamba, ndipo kunadetsa ikupita patsogolo n'zosiyana ndondomeko. zimakhudza anthu pa hydrosphere ndi osati kuipitsa pansi kapena nyanja madzi. ntchito zachuma cha anthu kwachititsa chakuti pafupifupi kutentha kwa dziko lathu pang'ono kuchuluka, zomwe zinachititsa kuti thawing madzi oundana. The chisanu a Kilimanjaro, anapereka dzina ntchito wachisavundi wa Hemingway, mu zaka mazana makumi awiri ataya eyite-awiri (!) Peresenti ya m'deralo, ndi ndondomeko imeneyi. Ndi ochuluka kutaya pachikuto pake ndipo Mont Blanc (mu French - White Mountain).

Choncho, kodi hydrosphere, kapangidwe kake ndi yaikulu anthu, ife mochuluka kapena mochepa kosanjidwa kunja. funso n'lakuti - Kodi ntchito anthu chimawononga hydrosphere chiyani? Mwina, ndithudi, zogwirizana Hollywood tsoka mafilimu, imene oundana onse kusungunula ndi dziko yokutidwa ndi nyanja yaikulu? Akatswiri ambiri sadziwa tifulumire ndi yankho kotsimikizika, popeza kuti chigamulo chomaliza ndi deta zocheperatu. Kusinthasintha mu kutentha pachaka kuti analipo kale, kuchititsa aisi ndi thaws. Ndi zochita za anthu, indedi, iwo sizingatheke zokhudzana. Ambiri mwina, njira kunachitika mu thupi la dziko lathuli ndi malo ake yomweyo afufuza zokwanira. Kodi zilidi - kuyankha funso limeneli, asayansi ntchito pa mphambano za sayansi - nthaka, zakuthambo, meteorology ndi zachilengedwe. Ndipo mwina posachedwa.