Ndalama Japanese mutu, maonekedwe, ndi mtengo

Lero, ndi yen Japanese ndi chidwi chachikulu pakati pa magombe zosiyanasiyana, speculators, ndalama zazikulu ndi okhometsa ofanana. Ubwino woyamba wa bata ake, ndipo chachiwiri - kwa kapangidwe okongola, ndalama makamaka chamadzulo. Koma njira yomwe ine ndinadutsa yen moyo wake m'malo yochepa? Pa izi ndi nkhaniyi idzafotokoza.

Ndalama Japanese kapena Chinese?

Mbiri ya ndalama Japan akubwereza Chinese, koma ndi ena amazengereza. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi mfundo zambiri mosalidwa, amene anayesa kusunga olamulira Japanese kwa zaka zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, akukhulupirira kuti ndalama zoyambirira adayamba kuwonekera China mu BC X atumwi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Japanese analipira pamodzi ndi mpunga, komanso ena ubwino wapatali mpikisanowo anali ngakhale arrowheads. Kachiwiri ndalama kaye ku Japan ndi kontinenti a. Ngakhale dzina la yen panopa amachokera ku mawu Chinese "n'chokwana". Wotheratu kwa VIII ndalama m'ma anafika ku Japan ku Chile. Iwo m'zaka VIII, anayamba kuonekera koyamba ndalama Japanese. Iwo anali kupingasa tsitsi, monga Chinese, ndi chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi mawu a maonekedwe.

Zoyesayesa loyamba

Mu Middle Ages ku Japan panali mitundu yonse ya ndalama zimene zalembedwa pa nthawi sangathe. Ulendo woyamba kulenga semblance a dongosolo yake ndalama sanatsatiridwe nthawi ya Tokugawa shogunate m'zaka XVII. Ndiye chikalata ndalama za golide, siliva ndi mkuwa, zomwe amatumizidwa kwa mlingo zosintha kwambiri ndipo analibe msomali zovuta. Mu zaka za m'ma XIX, Japan watha kutsatira lamulo mobisika ndi dziko Western, zinali pafupifupi chakupha chuma chake.

mfundo ndi yakuti mu Japan chiŵerengero cha golide ndi siliva anali 1: 5, ndi pakali pano mu Europe - 1:15. Malonda anayamba massively kugula golide ndi achotsedwe dziko. Kuyesa kuthetsa vutolo izi pempho wakhala analowa dollar Mexico, amene adayamba zinapangidwa ku Japan. Pakali pano, boma ambiri ang'onoang'ono nayamba kutulutsa ndalama zawo. Japanese Finance akhala mwachangu malungo, ndipo ndalama iliyonse anayamba depreciate.

Maonekedwe a yen ndi

Yankho imeneyi inali yoika limodzi ndalama, koma izo zimatanthauza chilengedwe cha mphamvu centralized, zosiyana kwambiri singakwaniritse ndi Japanese olamulira ang'onoang'ono. Pokhapokha Boshin nkhondo (Civil Nkhondo Japan zaka 1868-1869) ndi chigonjetso cha nkhondo amapereka mphamvu lachifumu, panali n'zotheka kusintha ndalama.

The vuto lalikulu ndi anasiya dongosolo lililonse ndalama. Akuluakulu anali kutapa zolemba zonse ndalama ndi kulenga limodzi ndalama ya dziko, ndi amene wakhala yen. Zinapangidwa chifaniziro chake ndi chikhalidwe cha yemweyo dollar Mexico. Iye womangidwa kwa golide ndi siliva. Ankachita zimenezi pofuna kuteteza n'kugwa zina ndalama. Patapita kanthawi, ichi kumanga chinathetsedwa, ndi ndalama Japanese anamukwiyira ukugwira golide ndi dollar US.

yen tsopano

Mbiri yamakono ya yen anayamba pambuyo Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Japan anagonjetsedwa ogwirizana mu tatters, chuma unali mwa bwinja. Pamodzi ndi yen amphamvu depreciated utakhala boma woyikidwa ndalama yomweyo amalembedwa yekha "B wakuti". Malinga mlingo kwa dola imodzi anapereka 360 yen. Pambuyo pa mapeto a ntchito a m'mayikowo Japan ndi kukula wotsatira zachuma ndalama Japanese anayamba kulimbikitsa mu msika lonse. About Yen kutchuka n'chakuti zinali zaka zochepa, wachiwiri zofunika kwambiri kusunga ndalama mu dziko.

Japanese Yen ndalama

Pa mfundo imeneyi aziyenda ndi ndalama 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 ndi yen 500. Yen ndalama 1 zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zotayidwa. Pa obverse ake amasonyeza wamng'ono mtengo, mtengo mwadzina ndi dzina la dzikoli, ndipo n'zosiyana ndi chipembedzo ndi chaka kupanga. yen 5 zopangidwa ndi aloyi zamkuwa ndi nthaka. The obverse kufunika oyikidwa ndi makutu a mpunga ndi kusintha dzina dziko ndi chaka kupanga. 10 yen ndalama amapangidwa ngati aloyi zamkuwa ndi nthaka, koma ndi Kuwonjezera ka malata. Pa obverse ake, kuwonjezera phindu mwadzina ndi dzina la dziko, zikusonyeza wotchuka Chibuda kachisi Byōdō mu, omwe ali mbali ya UNESCO World Heritage Site. Pa n'zosiyana ndi anayikidwa zimangokhala, ndi mlombwa wreath ndi chaka kupanga.

50 yen unapangidwa otchedwa faifi tambala siliva (ndi aloyi zamkuwa ndi faifi tambala), komanso, ndi 100 yen ndalama. Mwa njira, iwo amaoneka osiyana pang'ono, zonse zili pa obverse a chipembedzo ndi dzina la dzikoli, ndi pa n'zosiyana ndi - chipembedzo ndi chaka kupanga. ndalama Awa ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana kuti awonekere iwo. 50 yen ndi chrysanthemum, ndipo 100 yen - Sakura. Komanso, 50 yen ndalama ndi dzenje pakati.

Yaikulu 500 yen zaka kupezeka ndalama chikalata ku zitsulo zosiyana. Ndalama mu 1982 anapangidwa kuchokera onse a siliva chomwecho faifi tambala, ndipo amene anayamba kubala mu 2000, ndi lopangidwa ndi mkuwa, nthaka ndi faifi tambala. Ndipo maonekedwe a yemweyo: pa obverse ali mwadzina, dzina la dziko ndi paulownia, ndipo n'zosiyana - chipembedzo, nsungwi, gelegedeya ndi chaka kupanga.

Mtengo wa ndalama Japanese

Kodi muli ndi ndalama Japanese? Ndithudi, izo zonse zimadalira zimene anali magazini, zoyenera ngati yen kuti zinazake kwambiri, chitsulo kumene kumachititsa kuti, Kale, ndi zina zotero. Komanso, phindu la ndalama bwanji chikhalidwe chake.

Mwachitsanzo, 1 rin magazini 1883 mwina ndi mtengo mu osiyanasiyana kuchokera rubles 370 kwa 1902, malingana otetezeka. Mmodzi wa mtengo kwambiri ndalama Japanese amaonedwa yen 10,000 mu 1986. Iwo anamasulidwa makope zidutswa 10 miliyoni polemekeza chikumbutso 60 cha ulamuliro wa Mfumu Hirohito. The ndalama zinali za 999th chitsanzo siliva, kulemera magalamu 20 ndipo ndi awiri a 35 millimeters. mtengo ranges kuchokera 8 000 mpaka 11 300 rubles pa unit.

Komanso chikuzika Ufulu 1000 yen 2003 lachitsanzo chaka. makope awo ndi ochepa - makope 50 zokha 000. Iwo anamasulidwa mu ulemu wa chikumbutso 50 tili pa Amami Islands ubwenzi Japan. Pa chikalata M'chaka chosaiwalika cha ndalama Japanese anaika mtundu chithunzi mbalame ndi maluwa. Iwo anapanga 999th chitsanzo siliva, kulemera magalamu 31 ndipo ndili ndi awiri a millimeters 40. Mtengo wa ndalama mwambo ranges ku rubles 400 600 pa unit.