Msonkhano wokambirana za chinenero Russian: a mitundu zinchito-zamalankhulidwe wa kulankhula

Language ngati njira kulankhulana ndi kufala kwa mudziwe ali m'mitundu iwiri zofunika - monologue ndi kukambirana. Aliyense wa iwo ali mbali yake chosiyana ndi makhalidwe zimasiyanitsa. mawonekedwe Monologue, malingana ndi zolinga kulankhulana, wokhutira ndi njira ya ulaliki lagawidwa atatu zinchito-zamalankhulidwe mtundu.

Mitundu ya kulankhula ndi gulu lawo

Mu zilankhulo zikuphatikizapo ngati mitundu zimagwirira ntchito-watanthauzo wa kulankhula monga maonekedwe, kulingalira, ofotokozera. Ofotokoza ndi kufotokoza zokhudzana ndi zochitika, zochita zinthu ndi makhalidwe awo, ndi kulingalira akuganizira njira maganizo ndi amagwirizana ndi mfundo ndi maweruzo. Lemba la mtundu uliwonse sikawirikawiri kuperekedwa mu maonekedwe ake kopambana. Kawirikawiri, pamene kulankhula kapena kulemba mitundu ya malemba ya chinenero cha Chirasha kuonekera mu mawonekedwe wosanganiza, mwachitsanzo, kulongosola ndi miyambo ya mtsutso kapena Nkhani ndi malongosoledwe a zinthu.

mafotokozedwe

Kufotokozera - izi ndi mtundu wa malemba, amene ntchito - kuimira iliyonse chinthu, chodabwitsa, anthu comprehensively, ndi mbali zake zonse chosiyana. Apa imatiuza kuti mawonekedwe ake ndi kukula, anapatsidwa mtundu khalidwe. Kufotokozera zambiri malo amodzi mwa mawu a zikuchitika kuposa mitundu ina ya malemba. Ngati yogwira ntchito-zamalankhulidwe mtundu wa kulankhula ankayimiridwa ngati chilinganizo ndi timapeza: malongosoledwe = 2 + 1 chizindikiro chizindikiro + atatu chizindikiro, etc.

A chitsanzo chapadera cha zafotokozedwa malemba ndi makhalidwe chithunzi ntchito zilembo. Mu olemba sangokhala kokha kufotokoza maonekedwe, koma amasonyeza ena mwa makhalidwe a munthu, kupyolera mwa amene Tingaone ndi maonekedwe a mtundu maganizo kwa fano.

Kufotokozera zambiri lili ambiri "ofotokoza" mbali ya kulankhula: adjectives, participles, adverbs, gerunds. Nthawi zambiri pali ofotokoza ndi omveka zikutanthauza: mafanizo ndi achipongwe. Ena zinchito ndi zamalankhulidwe mitundu ya kulankhula sangathe kudzitama zosiyanasiyana zoterozo. Zithunzi ndi chizindikiro zapadera kufotokoza chabe.

Nkhani

Nkosafuna lexical tanthauzo la mawu akuti "Nkhani" akusonyeza kuti mtundu lemba la cholinga kufotokoza Mulimonse kapena zochitika mu chitukuko. Nkhani ndi ulaliki mokhazikika chinachake chimene ali nacho chiyambi, akufotokozera nthawi ndi malekezero. Mawu "siriyo" apa ndi kiyi.

Ndipo ngati pa zinchito-zamalankhulidwe mitundu ya kulankhula mu mawonekedwe a ziwembu, nkhani amaonekera izi: chochitika nkhani = 1 chochitika + 2 + 3 chochitika, etc. Kawirikawiri lemba la nkhani ali kapangidwe kake okhwima: oyamba kapena kufotokoza, mbali yaikulu, kumene nthawi zina chimango zinthu zikuchitika ndi kutha (kapena epilogue). Ndipotu nkhani iliyonse ndi chitsanzo cha nkhani. Mwachibadwa, mtundu ambiri malankhulidwe amene amagwiritsa ntchito anawagwiritsa maonekedwe wangwiro. Kudzera mwa iwo, ndi bwino kusonyeza kulowezana kwa zochitika kuti kusintha mu nthawi.

kulingalira

Mfundo - ndi mtundu wa mawu omwe amapereka ndondomeko ndi dongosolo la lingaliro mu ndondomeko ya kusinkhasinkha ena chodabwitsa kapena chochitika. Komanso zina zinchito ndi zamalankhulidwe wa kulankhula, iwo ali zingapo zochititsa zimasiyanitsa. Text-kulingalira limafanana chiwembu kulingalira = nkhani yolembedwa + + linanena bungwe kukangana. Iwo amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mawu umboni ndi sayansi, kuphatikizapo wa manauni umboni, mawu achilendo. Komanso, mawu pafupipafupi athandizira monga "woyamba", "chachiwiri", "motero", "kotero", kupatsira sitima ya lingaliro.

The zikuchokera kutsutsa malemba ndi zotsatirazi: anakonza monga nkhani yolembedwa, ndi lingaliro lalikulu, gawo lalikulu, lomwe lili ndi maweruzo ndi mfundo akuwuka kwa mfundo kuthandiza kapena kutsutsa nkhani yolembedwa, ndiye mapeto.