Mpingo wa Kupemphera mu Fili. Mpingo wa Kupemphera mu Fili

Mpingo wa Kupemphera mu Fili inamangidwa kumayambiriro 1690, mu gawo la dziko Manor Boyar L. K. Naryshkina. kachisi imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri. The oyamba - Mpingo wa Kupemphera - ankaona pansi, ndipo chachiwiri - Mpulumutsi - otchedwa pamwamba. Kachisi wokongola anali kutchulidwa chaluso cha kalembedwe wapadera Naryshkin. Izi zomangamanga chipilala chikukhudza rannepetrovskomu nthawi. Mpingo wa Mpulumutsi awoneka mofanana monga yomanga. Mkati yake yapadera ndi zithunzi Kirill Ulanov ndi Karp Zolotarev mozizwitsa sanafe ndipo anapulumuka mpaka lero.

mpingo matabwa

Mpingo woyamba ndi Chapel wa CHAKUBADWA wa St. Anne, anamanga mu Fili, anapangidwa nkhuni. Sungani chikalata, amene amanena kuti mpingo inamangidwa 1619. Panthawiyo, mayiko a m'gulu kalonga Mstislavsky. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Mpingo wa Kupemphera mu Fili anatuluka kuyamika nkhani yofunika chokhudzana ndi Nthawi ya Mavuto. Mu kugwa kwa 1618 Hetman Sagaidachnyi pamodzi ndi Polish Prince Wladyslaw anayesa kukathyola mpanda wa Moscow. asilikali Russian anatha kubweza kuukira yonse ya m'daniyo. chochitika chachikulu ichi chinali mapeto a chisokonezo ndi owonongedwa wa Moscow State.

ndi zokometsera ankaona kuti mtundu wina wa chitetezo chapadera cha Virigo. Ndipo pambuyo anaganiza chilili akachisi angapo. Iwo Pokrovsky mpingo Medvedkovo, chilonda, Fili ndi Izmailov.

Manor Building

Mu 1689, dziko limene m'mudzi wa Fili, anaperekedwa kwa boyar Naryshkinu Lvu Kirillovichu. Iye anali malume a Tsar Peter I. The mwini latsopano yomweyo anayamba akuphunzitsa chuma chawo chatsopano. Pachiyambi, anamanga nyumba wolimba ndi nsanja ndi wotchi pa iyo, ndiye outbuildings zosiyanasiyana: chimera, makola ndipo mayadi bestial. Manor anali ndi lalikulu zipatso ndi okongola ndi masitepe. Komanso padali zingapo cascading amatunga anapanga pa umisiri zatsopano za nthawi.

nthano

Koma nyumba zazikulu, amene anali pachibwenzi Naryshkin, panali mpingo mu Fili. Bakuman limanena kuti mbiri yake yomanga kumagwirizana ndi zimene zinachitika pa kupanduka akaponya mu 1682. Athanasius ndi Ivan - pamene oponya mivi Naryshkin abale anaphedwa. Wamng'ono, Lev Kirillovich mozizwitsa anakwanitsa kuthawa. Kenako analumbira kuti anapulumuka, onetsetsani kuti kwezani mmwamba mpingo mu ulemu wa Wodalitsika Virgin Mary, ndipo pokumbukira abale awo akufa.

Papita zaka 7 kuyambira kupulumuka. Tatenga dziko latsopano, iye sanaiwale lonjezo lake. Naryshkin anaika watsopano mwala mpingo wa Kupemphera kwa Virgin.

kachisi mwala

Monga mukudziwa, pa malo wakhala Kupemphera Mpingo, kotero mu ulemu wa chikondwerero oyera inapatulidwa m'munsi (yozizira) kachisi. Tikumbukenso kuti tsiku lenileni la panoyi bwanji, chifukwa zikalata zonse anawatentha ndi moto mu 1712. Mpingo wa Kupemphera pa Fili, amene kalembedwe ndi wangwiro mpingo nyumba, anali zooneka, wapadera komanso yokongola tione. Naryshkin anamanga mwanaalirenji anali kusonyeza otchuka, gentility ndi chuma mwini wake, komanso makhalidwe onse amene anali chibadidwe izo.

kalembedwe wapadera

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti yowala ndi choyambirira kalembedwe kuti anatuluka kumayambiriro kwa zaka XVII-XVIII ndipo anadzakhala kutsogolera Russian mapulani luso, wakhala dzina Naryshkin ndi chifukwa Filevskaya kachisi.

nyumba zoterozo zinali zodula kwambiri, choncho kumanga awo akanatha okha olemera olemekezeka. Dziwani kuti dzina la kalembedwe ndi m'malo umasinthasintha. Inde, Mpingo wa Kupemphera mu Fili kukuchitika chifukwa chakuti ichi, koma Kuwonjezera izo zinamangidwa ndi zipilala ena anamanga ndi a mtundu wa Naryshkin.

ulemerero wa mpingo

Popeza banja mwini munda unali pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumu, kulemekeza mfumu ya mafumu a Peter Sindinathe koma bwanji onse kunja ndi ulemerero mkati mwa mpingo. Umboni momveka bwino kuti ndi mitanda ili pa mbali ya kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa mpingo. Iwo korona awiri mutu mphungu - chizindikiro cha statehood, ndipo khonde yaing'ono kumadzulo amatchedwa bokosi achifumu.

Zonsezi anakhala zikomo zotheka chakuti Naryshkin panokha nawo ulemerero wa latsopano mpingo mwala. Komanso, ndi Tsar Peter Ine aziika dzanja langa kwa ilo. Kuti ake wopatulidwa pakati pa chuma cha boma wokongoletsa mpingo ducats mazana anayi mu golide. Malinga ndi nthano, mfumu zina anabwera Philly, koma analibe bokosi chosungikira kwa iye, ndipo anali mu kwayara, amene anaimba kwayala.

Mu 1705 Mpingo wa Kupemphera kwa Virgin mu Fili anali chokongoletsedwa ndi wokongola othimbirira galasi mpikisano ndi galasi akuda. Iwo anabweretsa yekha Naryshkin Narva, anagonjetsedwa ndi Peter I. iwo adayikidwa chifanizo cha zokongoletsera masamba, zithunzi za ku moyo m'Baibulo ndi odula chongoyerekeza Knight ya manja.

Zikuchitika

zaka zoposa zitatu za maonekedwe Filevskaya mpingo mobwerezabwereza zakhala adasandulika. Miyala apezeka zithunzi izi chipilala wapadera kamangidwe, chibwenzi ku cha m'ma XVIII. Chifukwa cha iwo, kunapezeka kuti masitepe, anamanga poyamba kukhala anasinthidwa zochita za ntchito kubwezeretsa ikuchitika mu mpingo motsogozedwa ndi Kazakova M. F. Koma pamwamba pa mpingo anasunga mu maonekedwe ake apachiyambi sills opangidwa ndi nsangalabwi yokumba.

Impact ya nkhondo

Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812 chaka anali yowononga kachisi. Iye mopanda chisoni anagonjetsa asilikali French. Komanso zimaononga anabweretsa ake ndi Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Ine ndikutsimikiza ambiri aona zithunzi za mipingo ndi akachisi anawonongedwa ndi mabomba a.

Ntchito yobwezeretsa anapita pang'onopang'ono ndipo intermittently zaka 25 (1955-1980). Great chopereka kupulumutsa chipilala wapadera yotentha ndi mapulani Ilenko I. V. ndi Mihaylovskiy E. V.

kubwezeretsa

Chinthu choyamba wayikidwa kubwezeretsa wapakamwa nyumbayi. Abwezeretsedwa ndi mutu Mitanda ndi woyera mwala Pansi ndi mipando. Tikhoza kunena kuti icho chinali mu mpingo uwu unakwaniritsidwa zipangizo, imene kenako kuchepetsedwa onse mapulani nyumba Naryshkin kalembedwe.

Mpaka pano, palibe amene akudziwa chimene mtundu makoma a nyumbayi anali pachiyambi. Ndi chisoni kuti pa nthawi imeneyo kunali kosatheka kuti kutenga zithunzi za mipingo ndi akachisi. Ndipo tsopano ife tikhoza ndikulingalira. Tikhoza kuganiza kuti makoma zikhoza kukhala zofanana ndi za kachisi wa Woyera Utatu, limene lili mu Utatu-Lykov. Linamangidwa pa nthawi yofanana ndi Mpingo wa Kupemphera mu Fili wamng'ono m'bale Lev Kirillovich Naryshkin - Martemyan. Makoma utoto mu mamba kachisi, kutsanzira nsangalabwi. The choyamba cha zigawo utoto, okhoza kuti azindikire Filevskiy mpingo wa atumwi XVIII. Ndiye iye anali mtundu buluu.

Gawo lotsatira la ntchito kubwezeretsa anayamba kumayambiriro 70 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo. Kachisi anali kukaperekedwa kwa Museum Central, okhazikika mu luso lakalekale. Tsopano cholinga chachikulu chinali recreate mkati. Mpingo Kupemphera analibe zokongoletsera pachiyambi, kotero kuti abwezeretse zokongoletsa XVIII-XIX zaka anali kwenikweni kuchokera zikande.

Ntchito chachitika, osati pansi, komanso mu mpingo chapamwamba. khama kwambiri wakhala khama kubwezeretsa ulusi wapadera umene chokongoletsedwa iconostasis, komanso makwaya, Kyoto ndi bokosi achifumu.

Poyamba, m'munsi ndi chapamwamba Interiors mpingo si utoto. Kupatulapo anali thupi yekha wa mpingo Mpulumutsi. Kumeneko kubwezeretsedwa zojambula chosonyeza New Testament Utatu ndi angelo asanu ndi anai. Ndipo mu mpingo chapamwamba linasiyidwa pambuyo kupenta, pachibwenzi XIX atumwi.

Ndiyamika zaka zambiri mumzindawo ndi zovuta ntchito za mapulani ambiri ndi lokonza wa mpingo anapeza moyo wachiwiri. Anatha kusunga moona zazikulu chipilala Naryshkin kalembedwe ndi recreate maonekedwe choyambirira cha kachisi.