Mphamvu kundipatsako kwa Amazon, malongosoledwe ake

Amazon - ndi mtsinje ndi dziwe lalikulu kwambiri mu dziko, wasefukira kudutsa America South. M'nkhaniyi tiona akafuna mphamvu ndi Amazon. Iwo linatsegulidwa ndi European Francisco de Orellana, amene 1542 zinadutsa Africa mu mbali linafalitsidwa kwambiri. Apa, malinga Francisco, iye ndi asilikali ake anamenyana ndi fuko la Amazons, kotero mtsinje nalo dzina lake. olemba mbiri amakono amakhulupirira kuti ayenera kuti Indian akazi kapena Indians okha ndi tsitsi lalitali.

tributary

Amazon zapamwamba kukhala mtsinje kuya mu dziko ndipo amanyamula nyanja 20% buku okwana madzi abwino. Madzi kutuluka champhamvu koposa kotero kuti, kulowa Atlantic Ocean, chingasinthe mtundu ndi mchere wake zikuchokera akadali pa 320 Km. Magwero chachikulu cha mphamvu Amazon mtsinje - ndi makhwawa wake kumpoto (Hawari, Guallaga, Tokantin, Ucayali, Hingham, Hutagi, Rio Preto, teff, Madeira, Purus ndi Aofi) ndi kum'mwera (Maron, Trombetas, Santa, Uatuma, Pastatsa, Rio Negro Nalo, Japura, ndi Putumayo). chiwerengero chawo okwana pafupifupi 200, theka la umene uli waukulu. Location makhwawa mu hemispheres osiyana anafotokoza mitsinje yozama ngati madzi osefukira zimachitika panthawi zosiyanasiyana pa chaka: pa makhwawa kumpoto - pa yotentha nyengo mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera (za October-April), pa kum'mwera - pa yotentha nyengo kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi (April-October ). Choncho, likukhalira kuti gwero la Amazon mtsinje Mphamvu kudzaza ndi madzi chaka chonse.

mvula

mvula inayamba kumayambiriro March ndi kupita miyezi itatu (mapeto a May). Ndipotu, mvula - malo ofunika yachiwiri ya kotunga pambuyo makhwawa Amazon mtsinje. Mothandizidwa ndi mvula olemera ndi mtsinje umadzala umadzala. Panthawi imeneyi, madzi akhoza kuuka ndi mamita 20, imbaenda makilomita ambiri okhala anasefukira. Nthawi zina chigumula kumatenga masiku 120, kenako mtsinje recedes, komanso mabanki zimabwerera malire awo akale.

Amazon estuary

Pakamwa pa mtsinje uwu otentha imagwiritsidwa ankadziwana waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse, ndipo m'lifupi ukufika 325 Km. N'zochititsa chidwi kuona kuti si protrude ankadziwana ndi nyanja, ngati mitsinje ina, koma mtundu wa "mbamuikha" mwakuya. Ambiri mwina, izi zimachitika pansi mavuto mafunde amphamvu nyanja. Malinga ndi mboni, pa mafunde mkulu pakamwa anapanga amadzimadzi kutsinde, nthawi zina kufika msinkhu wa mamita 4. Mphamvu ya mwake wake ngakhale pa mtunda wa 1000 Km from ankadziwana ndi. Kusanganikirana m'madziwo ndi mtsinje atamukoka iye mu kamwa ya nsombazi, amene adzauka pa mtsinje ndipo pali ngakhale pa mtunda wa 3500 Km from nyanja.

The nyama ndi zomera za Amazon

Mvula monga gwero la Amazon mtsinje Mphamvu ndi wofunika kwambiri ku nkhalango pafupi mvula, chifukwa madzi - ndi maziko a moyo simuli zomera, koma nyama. Pali nthawizonse ofunda khola nyengo (kutentha ndi 25-28ºS usiku si poyerekeza 20 ° C), chifukwa ichi apa chachikulu zosiyanasiyana zomera ndi nyama. Tikumbukenso kuti 30 okha% ya zinyama zimene aphunzira kwa tsiku - mitundu yoposa 1,800 ya mbalame, 1500 nsomba, 250 mitundu ya nyama. Ndi kunyumba nyama amenewa kawirikawiri monga anaconda ndi, nyamazi, boa, tapir, ndi madzi oyera dolphin, kangaude nyani, Cayman ng'ona, ulesi, armadillo. Pakati pa mbalame wotchuka amaonedwa kuti ndi mbalame ija yotchedwa hummingbird, mbalameyi, mitundu yambiri ya Zinkhwe. Monga tizilombo, iwo si ankaona: agulugufe yekha, oposa 1,800 mitundu udzudzu - nsomba zoposa 200 amene timapemphera piranhas, tukunare, pirarucu, piraiba ndi ena.

Choncho, tinganene kuti mphamvu ya Amazon m'njira ziwiri: mwa makhwawa zake zambiri, komanso chifukwa mvula. Izi mtsinje waukulu amanyamula katundu yokulirapo ya madzi, amene ali kwambiri kuti America South.