Moyo ndi Imfa ya Jeremy Bentham ("Kukhalabe Wamoyo")

Kuwonanso maulendo angapo, kuphatikiza pa nkhani yaikulu, nthawi zonse mumatha kupezeka mu kanema wa tanthauzo lina lachiwiri. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mwazizindikiro mwadala mwasiyidwa ndi opanga mafilimu, munthu amatha kumvetsetsa kwenikweni. Ndipo zizindikiro izi zikhoza kukhala zosiyana, mwachitsanzo, mayina ndi mayina a anthu otchuka. Mwachitsanzo, muzinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri zotchedwa "Staying Alive" kapena "Otaika" nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa ndi Jeremy Bentham. Ameneyu ndi ndani? Kodi akugwirizana bwanji ndi chiwembucho? Ndipo mu nyengo yanji iyo imatchulidwa?

Mawu ochepa okhudza mndandanda

"Kukhalabe ndi moyo" ndi Robinsonade wodziŵika bwino, komanso nkhani zochititsa chidwi komanso zofanana zodziŵika. Zimakhala ndi nyengo zokha zisanu ndi chimodzi zokha, pomwe aliyense wagonjetsa anthu akulimbana ndi miyoyo yawo. Mmodzi mwa iwo alipo Jeremy Bentham.

Malinga ndi ndondomeko ya mndandandawu, anthu okwera ndege ankawuluka pa chipale chofewa choyera ku Sydney ku US. Komabe, zosayembekezereka zinachitika, ndipo ndege inagwera pazilumba zodabwitsa kwambiri ndi zochititsa mantha m'madzi osatha a Oceania. M'ndondomeko yonseyi mumanena za tsogolo la aliyense payekha, ponena za moyo wake wakale ndi wamtsogolo. Mndandanda uli wodzaza ndi zozizwitsa ndi zozizwitsa, komanso ziri ndi zochitika za masewero ndi chikondi.

Kodi ndi nthawi iti yomwe Jeremy anawonetsa?

Jeremy Bentham adatchulidwa koyamba mu nyengo yachisanu ndi chiwiri yachisanu, komanso mu mndandanda wa 93, womwe unamasulidwa pa TV pa February 2009. Mndandanda, womwe umakhudzana ndi khalidweli, umanena za moyo ndi imfa ya Jeremy Bentham ndipo ali ndi dzina lomwelo.

Kotero, pakati pa chigawo cha mndandanda wathu patsogolo pathu tikuwonekera John kapena Jonathan Locke, pambuyo pake adalandira chidziwitso cha Jeremy Bentham. Kumbukirani kuti iyi ndi imodzi mwa anthu ofunika kwambiri omwe anapulumuka kuwonongeka kwa ndege (kuthawa "Oceanic-815"). Malingana ndi lingaliro la olemba, poyamba munthu uyu anali wolumala ndipo sanathe kusuntha yekha. Komabe, atamufikitsa pachilumbacho, ntchito zamagalimoto zinabwezeretsedwa. Zotsatira zake, amatha kuyenda bwinobwino popanda thandizo lililonse ndipo amamva ngati kugwirizana kwachinsinsi pakati pa iye ndi chilumba chodabwitsa.

Mbiri Yachidule ya Kuwonongeka kwa Locke pa Chisumbu

John Locke, amenenso ndi Jeremy Bentham, anali msaki wosakondeka. Pa chifukwa chomwecho, adayambitsa chakudya m'msasa, chomwe chinasweka ndi anthu omwe analipo pamphepete mwa chilumbacho. Monga tawonera, uwu ndi umunthu wosasokonezeka ndi wotsutsana ndi makhalidwe abwino a mtsogoleri. Komabe, izi sizinamulepheretse kupereka pang'onopang'ono zolakwa zake ndikusunthira kumbali ya otchedwa Ena (enieni omwe anafika pachilumbachi kale). Ndi iye yemwe anali wochita zochitika zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, zomwe zinayambitsa kupasuka kwa malo awiri "Flame" ndi "Swan", komanso imfa ya anthu angapo.

Mwachidule ponena za chiyambi cha mndandandawu, kumene amakumana ndi Jeremy Bentham ("Wotayika")

Malinga ndi nkhaniyi, John Locke ali ku Tunisia. Ndiko komwe msilikali wathu amatsogoleredwa atasintha nthawi yokhumba. Iye amabwera kwa iyemwini ndipo akuwona kuti iye akugona pa asphalt, ndipo akuzungulira iye makamera ochuluka. Chifukwa cha mwendo wosweka, zimamuvuta kuti adzuke, ndipo akuyamba kufunafuna thandizo. Pakuitana kwake dalaivala wa galimoto yonyamula, atakwera ku diso la anthu ndi anthu osadziwika, amayankha. Amamukweza ndi kumuika mosamala m'thupi.

Kotero John Locke kapena, monga amatchedwa apa, Jeremy Bentham (zojambula zake zidzafotokozedwa pansipa) akupita kuchipatala. Pa njira zowongoka mwendo msilikali kuchokera ku ululu amatha kuzindikira.

Atafika yekha, akumana ndi mtsogoleri wakale wa ena ndi mzimayi wamalonda wolemera Charles Widmore. Ndilo thumba la ndalama limene limalankhula ndi munthu wolimba mtima za chidziwitso chawo chomwe chinachitika zaka 50 zapitazo. Pachifukwa ichi, Yohane mwiniwake ali otsimikiza kuti msonkhano umenewu unachitika masiku angapo apitawo, osati pamene anali ndi zaka 17 zokha.

Amamutsimikizira John kuti ali ndi zolinga zofanana ndikudzipereka kuti abwerere ku chilumbachi, popeza adayang'anapo anthu asanu ndi limodzi, omwe sanathe kuchoka pamalo olakwikawa. Monga chitsimikizo cha zolinga zake, munthu wachuma amapereka ndalama kwa John wodabwitsidwa, fayilo ya anthu asanu ndi amodzi ndi mwayi ndi dzina la Jeremy Bentham. Malinga ndi Charles, pseudonym uyu anasankha chifukwa makolo a John anamutcha dzina la filosofi, ndipo Bentham nayenso anali ndi zofanana.

Kufufuza kwa anthu asanu ndi limodzi

Pofunafuna anthu asanu ndi mmodzi omwe adathawa pachilumbachi, John amathera nthawi yambiri ndi mphamvu. Komabe, kukopa kwake konse kubwerera sikumabweretsa zotsatira zoyenera. Ena achimuna safuna kumva chirichonse cholumbachi, mochuluka za kubwerera kumeneko. Pokhala atataya chiyembekezo chonse chozindikira za mimba, John akuganiza kuthetsa zinthu ndi moyo mwa kupachika. Kwa iye akubwera mtsogoleri wamakono wa Ena. Komabe, atatha kufotokoza zambiri, amakoka yekha Locke ndikusiya zochitikazo.

Chodabwitsa, wakufa Jeremy Bentham ("Staying Alive" - imodzi mwa mndandanda, yomwe imatchula dzina la wophunzira uyu) imapulumuka ndipo imabwera ku chilumba kumene palibe munthu amamukumbukira. Mnyamata yemweyo yemweyo amadziwa zonse. Pambuyo pake, amamvetsa momwe adayendetsa ndege, ndipo chifukwa chake anabwerera kuchokera kwa akufa ...

Makhalidwe a chipembedzo a Jeremy

Monga tinatchulira mwachindunji, dzina la Jeremy linagwera mulemba la mndandanda osati mwadzidzidzi. Uyu ndi munthu weniweni, wobadwa mu February 1748 ku London. Bambo ake anali katswiri wodziwika wotchuka dzina lake Samuel Bentham. Mofanana ndi bambo ake, wafilosofi wamng'onoyu nayenso anaphunzira ku Oxford. Pambuyo pake, anamaliza maphunziro a Westminster School, Queens College ndi Lincoln's Inn (malo ophunzitsa kumene amaphunzitsa malamulo ndi malamulo ena).

Panthawi ina, filosofi uyu adapanga dongosolo lapadera la kumanga ndende, zomwe adatcha "Panopticon." Nyumbayi inali mtundu wamakono, wokhala ndi magalasi amkati.

Pa nthawi yomweyi woyang'anira ndende anali pakati. Iye akhoza kutsata akaidi onse, omwe, nayenso, sakanakhoza kumuwona iye. Ndipo popeza akaidi amadziwa kuti akuyang'anitsitsa, koma musaganize kuti izi zikuchitikadi, amayesa kudziyendetsa bwino nthawi zonse. Choncho, amangowasandutsa akaidi abwino omwe satsatira malamulo. Mwa njira, chinthu chomwecho chikugwiranso ntchito kwa anthu okhala pachilumbacho. Iwo amadziwa za momwe akuwonera ndikuyamba kuchita monga momwe akuwonera.

Jeremiah Bentham anamwalira ali ndi zaka 84. Komabe, sanamuike m'manda. M'malo mwake, m'nthawi ya moyo wake adapereka thupi lake ku sayansi. Choncho, atamwalira, mafupa a Jeremy Bentham anali atavala suti ndipo anali ndi masikiti apadera a sera. Panthawi yomwe adakali ku University College London.