Morse. Kufotokoza mwa chidule za

Morse - ndi kabisidwe njira yapadera otchulidwa zinenero zosiyanasiyana - makalata, zopumira, ndi manambala mwa zizindikiro phokoso. Iwo amagwiritsa awiri mitundu ya chizindikiro: yochepa amatanthauza mfundo yaitali - mukapeza. Poyamba, Morse malamulo ntchito Telegraph.

Morse kupangidwa ndi American Samuel Morse mu 1838. Ganizo kuti akonze dongosolo la kufalitsa mauthenga anapita Samueli pambuyo mabuku a M. Faraday, ndipo zatsopano Schilling a. Morse ntchito pa brainchild wake kwa zaka zoposa zitatu, mpaka khama ake analibe korona bwino. Chizindikiro choyamba watumidwa kwa iwo kudzera waya, utali umene uli 1,700 mapazi. Zatsopano ndi chidwi Steve Weil, amene ndalama za zatsopano za Morse. Ndi kumuyamikila May 27, 1844 anatumiza woyamba omangidwa uthenga, lemba umene unali: ". Odabwitsa ndi ntchito zako, O Ambuye"

Kumene, pa nthawi dongosolo zasintha ndi bwino. Baibulo yomaliza akufuna mu 1939. Choona chidwi n'chakuti Morse malamulo lokha anayamba kuitana chiyambi chabe wa First World nkhondo. Inali pa nthawi imene ambiri anayala ake "chokhala ndi" njira.

Mofanana ndi dongosolo zizindikiro, Morse malamulo ubwino ndi kuipa. Mwa ubwino wa ndondomekozi tingaone monga ankatha kulemba ndi kuseweranso chizindikiro pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo yosavuta, luso m'manja-'kala' ikusonyeza, komanso chitetezo chokwanira mkulu kuwasokoneza, malinga chiphaso cha uthenga pa kumva, ngakhale pamaso pa kusokonezedwa amphamvu.

Koma zolakwa zikuphatikizapo otsika liwiro Kulumikizana, malamulo lokha ndi phindu lochepa kulandira mwachindunji-kusindikiza, ndiponso kulanda chizindikiro chotero chofunika pafupifupi za tchipisi 9-10, umene uli uneconomical ndithu.

Ambiri amadziwika chizindikiro chimene transmits Morse kachidindo - SOS. tenepa amaloledwa kugonjera okha zochitika komwe kuli kuopseza chomwe chayandikira kwa moyo wathu kapena chotengera nyanja. Ngakhale kuti ambiri SOS chizindikiro kutanthauziridwa monga «Sungani miyoyo yathu» (kutanthauziridwa monga "kupulumutsa miyoyo yathu"), kapena, monga ena, «Sungani sitima yathu» (apulumutse sitimayo athu), izo mwamtheradi si choncho. Mtundu uwu wa chizindikiro anasankhidwa chifukwa cha kuphweka ake: madontho atatu, dashes atatu ndiyeno kachiwiri mfundo zitatu, zomwe N'zosavuta kukumbukira.

Kodi kukumbukira anthu onse opatsirana ntchito Morse ovomerezeka? Mingoli - mmodzi mwa odziwika ndi njira zovuta kuphunzira Morse code.

Mingoli ndi rhythmic katchulidwe kukukhala osiyanasiyana dashes ndi madontho. Dziwani kuti syllables, monga za mawu monga "a", "s" kapena "o" potanthauza mukapeza, ndi zina syllables ndi kuomba "aha" - mfundo.

Mwachitsanzo, kalata "Ine", wopangidwa mwa mfundo ziwiri, ntchito mingoli mawu analoweza "ndi di" ndipo kalata "K" (-.-) - kugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "yemweyo-kaaak taaak".

Masiku ano, pali mapulogalamu ambiri osiyana amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphunzira Morse code, apanga mauthenga encode ndi decode mudziwe ntchito zilembo, komanso kuphunzitsa ndi kulandira Morse chizindikiro kudyetsedwa ndi kuwala.

Ngakhale kuti masiku ano pali zambiri makina atsopano ndi zizindikiro kulankhulana, Morse malamulo akali otchuka pakati Amateurs wailesi.